高中英语一轮复习学案必修4 Unit1-5（新人教版）.doc

必修4 Unit 1 Women of achievement复习目标闯关要点名师讲解【重点单词】2. observe vt. 观察；观测；遵守 observation n.u 观察；观测；监视 重点用法observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事(已做完) observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人正在做某事 under observation 被监视1). The police observed the man entering/enter the bank. 警方监视着那男子进入银行的情况。2). The woman was observed to follow him closely. 有人看到那女子紧跟着他。类似用法的动词还有：see watch，hear，notice 【即境活用】The patients were _ over a period of several weeks.A. watched B. noticed C. observed D. stared at 【解析】C 考查observe观察（某一行为或现象）watch 观看，注意，留心看（活动，娱乐节目，事件）等 notice 是指无意识的注意到 stare at 是指凝视，盯住3. respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；敬意 (1) vt 尊敬，重视We all should respect our parents and teachers.我们都应该尊敬我们的父母和老师He was respected for his bravery.他因为勇敢受人尊敬（2）n尊敬，重视，方面Mr Smith always show respect to his childrens opinions.史密斯先生总是很尊敬孩子们的意见In respect to the content, the article is very good, but it is not satisfactory in other aspects.就内容而言，这篇文章很好。但在其他方面还不能令人满意【拓展延伸】respectable adj 可敬的，值得尊敬的respectful 尊敬他人的respected 被尊敬的respective 各自的，分别的respect sb. for sth. 因某事而尊敬某人have / show respect for sb./sth. 尊敬某人/事gain/get/earn/win the respect of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬out of respect 出于尊敬【即境活用】He drove them both to their _homes.Arespectable B. respectful C. respective D. respected【解析】 C 考查词义辨析。4. argue vt.&vi. 讨论；辩论；争论 argument n.c争论；争辩；争吵 argue for (sb./sth.)为(某人/某事)而辩护 argue against (sb./sth.) 反对某人/某事)而辩护argue with sb. ( about/over sth.) 与某人(为某事)而争吵argue that. 主张argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 通过争论使某人做/不做某事have an argument about/over sth. 辩论某事 1). Don t argue with your mother. 不要和母亲争辩。2). I argued that we needed a larger office. 我据理力争我们需要大些的办公室。【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词或翻译。1). We _ _ _ _ (说服她加入) us.2). We argued _ the waiter _ the price _ the meal. Keys: 1). argued her into joining 2). with; about; of 5. support vt.&n. 支持；拥护；支撑；赡养；给予帮助 同情等的人 重点用法support sb./ a family 支持某人/ 赡养家庭support sb. in (doing) sth. 在（做）某事方面支持某人 support sb. by (doing) sth. 通过做某事支持某人in support of sb/sth 支持或支援某人/事物support oneself 自力更生give support to sb. 支持、支援某人1). Is this bridge strong enough to support heavy lorries? 这座桥禁得住重型卡车通行吗?2). He was weak with hunger, so I had to support him. 他饿得没有力气, 我得搀着他。【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). Will you support me _ (介词) my campaign for election?2). Jim was a great support _ (介词) them when their father died.3). 我求学期间由父母供养。_Keys: 1). in 2). to 3). I was supported by my parents when I was studying.6. intend vt. 计划；打算7. deliver vt.接生(小孩)，递送，发表(演说) delivery n. 投递 deliverer 递送者，交货人 重点用法deliver sth. （to sb.）投递/传送某物（给某人）deliver a speech 发表演说deliver a baby 接生小孩；生小孩deliver sth. to . 把某物送到express delivery快递 on delivery 送达时，货到时1). The baby was delivered in a clinic. 孩子是在一个医疗站接生的。2). Comrade Yang delivered the opening speech. 杨同志致开幕词。【重点短语】1. live/lead a. life 过着的生活 短语归纳 “v. + 同源宾语”结构：smile a. smile 露出微笑 dream a. dream 做了个的梦 sleep a. sleep 睡个觉sing a. song 唱的歌die a. death 怎样地死去 fight a. battle 打的仗laugh a. laugh 发出方式的笑声【即境活用】根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1). We are living happily. = We are living _ _ _. 2). _ _ _ _ (多么艰辛的生活) they lived! 3). I _ _ _ _ (做了个美梦) last night.Keys: 1). living a happy life 2). What a hard life 3). dreamed/had a beautiful dream 2. look down upon/ on 轻视，看不起In the old days, women were looked down upon.【拓展延伸】Look forward to 盼望，期待look up to (反义词) 敬仰，尊重look into 调查，了解look up 抬头看，查阅look out 当心，小心look on 旁观look on/upon as 把看作look back on 回首look through 浏览 ，审查3. refer to 提到，说到，参考，参阅4. come across（偶然）遇到，发现I came across my English teacher on may way home.在回家的路上，我偶然碰到了我的英语老师【拓展延伸】come up with 想到，提出come about 发生come off 脱落come out 出版，出现come over 越过，来到come into being 形成，产生come back 回来come on 开始，进步，快点【即境活用】Tom _ a secret garden beside his school.A. came along B. came about C. came over D. came across 【解析】D 考查动词短语意思辨析5. carry on 继续；坚持 短语归纳 carry短语：carry on (doing sth/with sth.) 继续(做)某事 carry out 贯彻，执行carry out a plan/orders/instructions执行计划/命令/指示 carry sth through 成功地完成某事物carry about随身携带 carry away运走, 使失去自制力1). Carry on (working/with your work) while Im away. 我不在的时候, 要继续做工作。2). They decided to carry on in spite of the weather. 他们决定不管天气好坏都坚持。 【即境活用】 根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或carry短语。1). They decided to _ _ in spite of the weather. 2). Extensive tests have _ _ _ on the patient. 3). It is a difficult job but she s the person to carry it _. 4). Don t blame me. I m only _ _ my orders.Keys: 1). carry on 2). been carried out on 3). through 4). carrying out 【重点句型】语法核心突破主谓一致主谓一致是一种常见的语法现象，它指的是谓语动词在人称和数上必须与主语保持一致。其用法较为复杂主谓一致依据语法一致、意义一致和就近一致三条原则兹简述如下一、名词作主语时的主谓一致1.集体名词作主语若强调整体，谓语动词用单数，若突出个体，谓语动词为复数。常见的这类名词有committee, family, group, class, army, enemy等例如：My family has moved into the new house. 我家已搬进了新房子My family enjoy sports. 我全家人都喜欢运动拓展延伸people, police, youth, cattle等作主语，谓语动词常用复数如：The police have caught the thieves. 警察捉住了盗贼2.单复数同形的名词作主语，谓语动词可为单数，亦可为复数，视其意义而定。如:works（工厂），means（方法），作主语也有类似用法如：Every means has been tried. 每一种方法都试过了All means have been tried. 所有的方法都试过了 3.表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等度量衡的词语作主语，通常被看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数。例如：One hundred li/kilometers was covered on a single night. 一夜走了一百里路Five yuan is enough. 五元钱就够了二、并列主语的主谓一致1.and连接并列主语，谓语动词通常用复数形式，但在下列情况下用单数：and 连接的并列主语指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念例如：The English teacher and headteacher is a young man.英语老师兼班主任是位年轻人and连接的并列名词有each， every， no或many a等修饰语时，谓语动词用单数例如：In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.在我们国家每一个男女孩子都有受教育的权利 No teacher and no student was present at the party.老师和学生都没有参加晚会2.由or，eitheror， neithernor， not onlyalso，notbut 等连接并列主语时，遵循就近原则，即谓语动词应与最靠近它的主语一致。例如：Either he or I am wrong. 不是他错了就是我错了Not only the students but also the teacher is active in sports and games.不但学生就连老师也积极参加体育运动3.两个主语由as well as ,rather than, but, together with, along with, , with, except, besides等连接时，谓语动词的数与最前面的主语保持一致例如：The teacher as well as the students has seen the film.老师和学生都看过这部电影Nobody but Xiao Wang and Xiao Li was here. 只有小王和小李在这儿I as well as they am to ready to help you. 不仅他们，我也愿帮助你 三、名词化形容词作主语时的主谓一致“the + adj.”表示一类人时，谓语动词用复数。常见的这类词有：the poor, the rich, the sick, the dead, the young, the wise, the deaf, the blind, the learned, the wounded, the aged, the killed, the living, the dying, the English, the French, the Chinese等。例如：The young are required to respect the old. 年轻人应该尊敬老年人。The injured have been taken to hospital. 伤员已经被送往医院四、不定式、动名词和名词从句作主语不定式、动名词和句子作主语时，谓语动词用单数。例如：To become doctors is their ambition. 当医生是他们的志愿。Reading without comprehension is no good. 读书而不理解是不行的。When and where this took place is still unknown. 这件事何时何地发生尚不知晓。 【拓展延伸】在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语为复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数。例如：What the children need are interesting books. 孩子们需要有趣的书五、倒装句中的主谓一致倒装句中的谓语动词与后面的主语一致。例如：In the centre of Tianan Men Square stands the Chairman Maos Memorial Hall.毛主席纪念馆位于天安门广场中心Here comes the bus.车来了Here you are.给你！拓展延伸here或there引导的句子有两个以上主语时，遵循就近原则如：Here are some pens and paper for you. 这是给你的钢笔和纸张。【语法专练】1. _ of the land in my hometown _ covered with trees and grass. A. Two third; is B. Two third; are C. Two thirds; is D. Two thirds; are2. With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away3.The police _ searching for a tall dark man with a beard. Till now more than one person _ suspected.A. is; is B. is; are C. are; is D. are; are4. What I want _ an interesting book while what he expects _ two cups of coffee. A. is; is B. are; is C. is; areD. are; are 5. More than one _ the people heart and soul.A. official has served B. officials have servedC. official has served for D. officials have served for答案：15 CDCCA高考真题链接1. （2010全国卷新课标卷T22） The workers_the glasses and marked on each box” This Side UP” A carried B delivered C pressed D packed【解析】选D 句意：工人们把这些眼镜包装起来并在每个盒子上标注“此面朝上”。Carry “携带，运送”；deliver “传递，发送”；press “挤压”；pack“包装”。2. （2010湖北B卷T24） Mistakes dont just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes .A. favourable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile【解析】选D。句意：错误并不仅仅是发生，它们因为某个原因而产生。找出原因，让错误变得值得。favourable “赞成的，有利的，良好的”；precious “珍贵的”；essential “基本的”；worthwhile“值得的”。3. （2009福建卷T22） -Why does the Lake smell terrible? -Because large quantities of water . A. have polluted B. is being polluted C. has been polluted D. have been polluted【解析】选D 考查动词时态，语态和主谓语一致。根据前一分句可知所填动词表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响，时态用现在完成时，动词与主语是被动关系，用被动语态。主语是large quantities of water，其中心词是quantities，是复数，谓语动词用复数，选D。4. （2009湖北卷T21）Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes?A. look around B. look into C. look up D. look through【解析】选D 考查动词短语。该句意思是“请你为我检查一下文章看是否有明显错误”。look through可表示“检查，浏览”之意。look around“环顾”，look into“调查”，look up“抬头看，查阅”。5. （2009江苏卷T21） The population of Jiangsu _ to more than twice what it was in 1949. The figure is now approaching 74 million.A. has grown B. have grown C. grew D. are growing【解析】选A考察主谓一致和时态。population是集合名词，或集体名词，即看成一个整体，所以谓语动词用单数形式。句子说的是江苏现在的人口数量和以及增长，用完成时表示现在的状态。6. (2008重庆卷) Only when I left my parents for Italy_ how much I loved them.A.I realized B. .I had realized C. . had I realized D. did I realize【解析】选D 考查倒装。only 放于句首，要求其后的主句进行部分倒装综合效能检测一、听力（略）二、单项选择21. He suggested that the boy _punishedA. referring to was B. referring to being C. referred to being D. referred to be22. The old woman insisted that the book Mr. Thompson talked about _.A. was worth reading B. was worth to be read C. being worth reading D. be worth reading 23. Jack is a clever and capable man ,though he has never been to college, so you shouldnt _himA. look forward to B. think highly of C. look down upon D. pay attention to24. Tom, _ yourself .Did you forget the school rules? A. behave B. believe C. perform D. conduct 25. Tom knew that someone had observed him _ Ryan。A. meeting B. to meet C. has meet D. is meeting 26. It is _ of you to call on your aunt from time to time.A. common B. convenient C. considerate D. concerned 27. My class teacher as well as other teachers_ very kind to me.A .are B. is C. do D. does.28. The father, along with his four children _ Hangzhou. When they will be back _ fixed. A. have gone to, isnt B. had gone to, is not C. went to, arent D. has gone to, has not been29. Sixty miles _ in a single night, so they were exhausted.A. is covered B. was covered C. are covered D. has covered30. Only if _ the examinations _ get the gift promised by your father. A. you have passed, you will B. have you passed, will youC. you have passed, will you D. have you passed, you will31. Some of the wheat came from Canada. How about _?A. the other B. the rest C. the others D. others32. Though it was noisy here, he _ reading.A. got on B. carried out C. went on with D. carried on33. I _ in a government office for five years. Still, I dont regret giving up the admirable job. A. have worked B. worked C. was working D. had worked 34. Yesterday I _ an old friend of mine at the shopping mall.A. came upB. came out C. came across D. came down35. I wonder why Suzan looks worried today. Im not sure, but she _a small accident driving here. A. could have B. might have C. might have had D. must have had三、完形填空The simplest way to say it is this: I believe in my mother. My 36 began when I was just a kid. I 37 becoming a doctor. My mother was a domestic. Through her work, she observed that 38 people spent a lot more time reading than they 39 watching television. She announced that my brother and I 40 watch two to three pre-selected TV programs during the week. With our free time, we had to read two books each from the Detroit Public Library and 41 her written book reports. She would mark them up with check marks and highlights. Years later we realized her marks were a 42 . My mother was illiterate. When I entered high school I was a(n) 43 ,but not for long. I wanted the fancy clothes. I wanted to 44 the guys. I went from being an A-student to a B-student to a C-student. One night my mother came home from 45 her various jobs and I complained about not having enough Italian knit shirts. She said, “Okay, Ill give you all the money I make this week scrubbing floors and cleaning bathrooms, and you can buy 46 food and pay the bills. With everything 47 , you can have all the Italian knit shirts you want. “ I was very 48 with that arrangement but once I got through allocating money, there was 49 _ left. I realized my mother was a financial genius to be able to 50 our heads and any kind of food on the table, 51 buy clothes. I also realized that immediate satisfaction wasnt going to get me anywhere. Success required intellectual preparation. I went back to my 52 and became an A-student again, and eventually I 53 my dream and I became a doctor. My story is really my mothers storya woman with 54 formal education or property who used her position as a parent to change the lives of many people around the globe. There is no job 55 than parenting. This is what I believe.36. A. belief B. workC. educationD. promise37. A. majored inB. got used toC. dreamed of D. got tired of38. A. lazy B. easy-goingC. successful D. reliable39. A. spentB. paidC. took D. did40. A. could onlyB. could notC. must not D. should often41. A. read toB. present toC. teach D. explain to42. A. jokeB. means C. tool D. trick43. A. A-studentB. B-studentC. C-student D. D-student44. A. get rid of B. hang out withC. break away fromD. keep in touch with45. A. making B. stoppingC. workingD. getting46. A. your brother B. yourself C. your sister D. the family47. A. left overB. paid offC. used up D. carried out48. A. angry B. pleasedC. disappointedD. bored49. A. anythingB. everythingC. something D. nothing50. A. put an idea intoB. gave an impression on C. keep a roof overD. have eyes in the back of51. A. let aloneB. let outC. let inD. leave alone52. A. guysB. motherC. studiesD. play53. A. madeB. fulfilledC. changedD. tried54. A. littleB. muchC. fewD. high55. A. more interesting B. less importantC. more important D. less interesting四、阅读理解AA little boy came up to his mother in the kitchen one evening while she was fixing supper, and handed her a piece of paper that he had been writing on. After mom dried her hands on apron, she read it, and this is what it said:For cutting the grass: $5.00For cleaning up my room this week: $1.00For going to the store for you: $0.50Baby-sitting my kid brother while you went shopping: $0.25Taking out the garbage: $1.00For getting a good report card: $5.00For cleaning up and raking the yard: $2.00Total owed: $14.75Well, his mother looked at him standing there, and the boy could see the memories flashing through her mind. She picked up the pen, turned over the paper hed written on, and this is what she wrote:For the nine months I carried while you were growing inside me: No ChargeFor all the nights that Ive sat up with you, doctored and prayed for you: No ChargeFor all the trying times, and all the tears that youve caused through the years: No ChargeFor the toys, food ,clothes, and even wiping your nose: No ChargeSon, when you add it up, the cost of my love is: No Charge.When the boy finished reading what his mother had written, there were big tears in his eyes, and he looked straight at his mother and said, Mom, I sure do love you. And then he took the pen and in great big letters he wrote: PAID IN FULL.56. The underlined sentence “the boy could see the memories flashing through her mind.” means _. A. the boy found something in his mothers body burningB. the boy thought his mother was considering how much she should pay himC. the boy didnt thought his mother would give him moneyD. the boy thought that his mother recalled something of the past57. When the mother wrote “No charge” on the paper, she really meant that_.A. the boy neednt pay the moneyB. the boy should pay the moneyC. what she has done for the boy is uncountableD. she didnt know how much she should pay the boy58. Why did the boy cry?A. Because he couldnt get money from his mother.B. Because he felt shameful to ask his mother for money.C. Because his mother beat him up.D. Because he also loved his mother.59.Whats the main idea of the text?A. Mothers love for her children is invaluable.B. The boy shouldnt have asked his mother for money.C. The boys mother should have given him money.D. The writer mainly told us a