初中英语定语从句课件.ppt

定语从句 定语从句 概念 在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子 Attributiveclause Maryisabeautifulgirl Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 形容词作定语 句子作定语 修饰girl 叫做定语从句 1 Themanisafarmer 2 Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 合并句子 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisafarmer Maryisagirl Maryhaslonghair 合并为一个句子 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 先行词 关系词 定语从句 Maryisagirlwhohaslonghair 关系代词 which who whom whose that 先行词 是被定语从句所修饰的词 通常是名词或代词 关系词的作用 1 引导定语从句2 在从句中替代先行词 在定语从句中充当一定的成分 通常是主语或宾语 作宾语时常可以省略 定语从句 先行词 关系词 that which who 从句 修饰 定语从句的用法 当先行词是物时 用which或that引导 Thesearethetreeswhichwereplantedlastyear 当先行词是人时 用who whom whose that引导 有时可代替whom作宾语 who whom whose that用法区别 who作定语从句的主语或宾语 Themanwhoisspeakingatthemeetingisaworker Themanisaworker Themanisspeakingatthemeeting 分解 作主语 Whom作定语从句的宾语 Thewomanwhomtheywantedtovisitisateacher Thewomanisateacher Theywantedtovisitthewoman 分解 作宾语 whose作定语从句的定语 Iknowthegirlwhosemotherisateacher 分解 Iknowthegirl Thegirl smotherisateacher 作定语 that可以作定语从句的主语和宾语 注意 关系代词作动词宾语时可省略 Thewoman whom that theywantedtovisitisateacher 下列情况只能用that 1 当序数词或形容词最高级修饰先行词时 eg TomisthecleverestboythatIhaveeverknown 2 当先行词是指物的little few much any all anything something nothing none theone everything 等不定代词时 that与which的区别 Iamsureshehassomethingthatyoucanborrow 1 先行词为all everything nothing something anything little much等不定代词时 E g Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim 4 先行词被theonly thevery thesame thelast修饰时 5 先行词为人和物的组合 E g Theytalkedforanhourofthingsandpersonsthattheyrememberedintheschool E g Whichofthebooksthatyouborrowedfromthelibraryisthemostinteresting 6 若主句中有疑问代词who或者which 为了避免重复 关系代词不要再用who which 而用that Ilovetheschool Ihavestudiedinforthreeyears 2013湖南衡阳 A whereB whenC that 解析 本题考查引导定语从句的关系词 先行词是theschool 关系词在从句中作介词in的宾语 只能选关系词that 即C 考点例析 Whatareyoulookingfor I mlookingforthering myhusbandboughtmelastyear 2012山东滨州 A thatB whoC whomD it 解析 本题考查引导定语从句的关系词 先行词thering指物 观察选项只有A是引导物的关系词 故选A 考点例析 Whatshallwedonext Taketheadvice isgivenbyDr Bloch 2012福建泉州 A whoB whichC whose 解析 由先行词theadvice可知 应用引导物的关系词 选项B符合 考点例析 Pleasepassmethecartoonbook hasaMickeyMouseonthecover 2012天津 A whomB whoseC whoD which 解析 考查which引导的定语从句 分析句子结构可知本句为定语从句 先行词为cartoonbook 指物 所以应该用关系词which 考点例析 It sinterestingthattherearemanypeople speakFrenchinCanada 2012四川成都 A whichB whereC who 解析 由先行词people可知 此题考查who引导的定语从句 句意为 在加拿大有许多人说法语 真是有趣 考点例析 Nowmanypeoplesmokeandgetill Soweshoulddosomething canhelpstopsmoking 2012广西玉林 A whatB whoC D that 解析 考查引导定语从句的关系词 先行词是something 根据规则 见到这类不定代词应用that 故选D 考点例析 考点例析 I vefoundsomepicturesofthemostinterestingplaces youcanvisitduringthewinterholidays 2009山东烟台 A whereB whichC whatD that 解析 考查引导定语从句的关系词 先行词places在从句中作visit的宾语 且前有最高级修饰 故用关系代词that 单项选择 1 Doyouknowthegirl isstandingthere Sheismylittlesister A whoB whomC whoseD which2 CouldyoutellmesomethingaboutZhengHe Sure HewasaMingDynastyexplorer theChinesepeopleareproudof A whichB whoseC whomD where 3 Thisisthecity Ivisited10yearsago A whereB C whoD why4 ShaolinTemple liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad A whereB whichC whoD what5 Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike Ilikemusic Icansingalongwith A whoB thatC whatD why 6 I masportsfan I minterestedineverything isaboutsports A thatB thereC whichD where7 Wearetalkingaboutthepianoandthepianist wereintheconcertweattendedlastnight A whichB whomC whoD that 8 Ihatepeople areonlynicetoyouwhentheywantsomething A whoB whichC whoseD whom9 Don tforgettobringthebook youboughtlastweek A whoB whenC whichD what10 Isthegirl youtalkedwithjustnownewhere A howB whoC whoseD which Exercise 1 Ihaveafriend likeslisteningtoclassicalmusic who that which that whose 3 Theman legbrokeinamatchusedtobeafootballplayer 2 YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress Igaveher 11 Thestories werewrittenbyMarkTwainareoftenhumorous 2015广州 A thatB thoseC whoD what12 Wedon tlikepeople talktoomuchbutneverdoanything 2015克拉玛依 A whoseB whoC whenD which 4 Myparentsliveinahouse ismorethan100yearsold 5 Theboywith Johnspokeismybrother which that whom 6 Kevinisreadingabook istoodifficultforhim which that 7 Isthereanything youwanttobuyinthetown 8 All wecandoistostudyhard 9 Thefirstone standsupisalittleboy that that that 修饰人时关系代词that和who whom的区分 当主句中的主语是who时 只能用that eg Whoisthegirlthatisstandingoverthere 在非限制性定语从句中以及介词后面时只能用who或者whom eg Ihaveason whoisreallylovelyandinteresting Thereare40studentsintheclass mostofwhomareboys 关系代词whose既能修饰人 也能修饰物 在定语从句中充当定语 修饰先行词 eg SheisthegirlwhoseEnglishsoundsverybeautiful Maryhasaverygooddog whosehairturnsoutwhiteandblack 关系副词when where why的用法以及与关系代词的区分 关系副词在定语从句当中只能充当状语 当一个句子能够完整地表达一个意思时 我们就可以给这个句子加上特定的关系副词 eg Iwon tforgetthetimewhenIgotmarried Haveyoustillrememberthedayswhenwestayedtogether Thisistheplacewherewehadagoodtime IsthisthehousewhereMrSmithlives Idon tknowthereasonwhyhewon tjoinus Doyouknowthereasonwhyhedidn tcometosweeptheclassroom 关系副词when where和关系代词that which的区分 同样是修饰一个地点 有时使用where 有时使用that which 同样是修饰一个时间 有时使用when 有时使用that which 这主要看两点 一是定语从句是否完整 二是定语从句中的谓语动词是否是一个及物动词 请比较以下句子 Thisistheparkthatwevisitedlastyear Thisistheparkwhereweheldabirthdayparty Shewon tforgetthedaysthatshespentontheisland Shewon tforgetthedayswhentheystayedtogether That sthedatewhenwewenttothecollege That sthedatethatshewon tforgetforever Ilikethetimewhenwelivedtogether Ilikethetimethatwehadtogether 关系副词when where why和介词 which之间的关系 关系副词when where why可以用适当的介词 which来替代 如 when in on at which where in on at which why for which介词的位置非常灵活 有时放在关系代词之前 有时放在动词之后 eg 1 Iwon tforgetthedatewhen onwhich Iwasborn 2 Thisistheroomwhere inwhich Ilived Thisisther