2014高考英语完形填空(3)及词汇复习(附解析答案)

2014高考英语完形填空（3）及词汇复习（附解析答案）完形填空阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。AThe question of whether war is inevitable is one which has concerned many of the worlds great writers. Before 1 this question, it will be useful to introduce some 2 concepts. Conflict, 3 as opposition among social units-or individuals-directed against one another, is4 from competition, which 5 opposition among social units 6 seeking to obtain something which is 7 inadequate supply. Competitors may not know about one another, which those who 8 in a conflict do. Conflict and competition are both 9 of opposition. The meaning of opposition has been stated as a process by which social unit function in the disservice of one another, opposition is 10 contrasted to cooperation, a 11 by which social units function in the service of one another. These 12 are necessary because it is important to emphasize that competition between individuals or groups is inevitable in a world of limited 13 , but conflict Isns. Conflict, nevertheless, is very likely to occur and is probably an essential and desirable 14 of human societies. Many authors have 15 their arguments that war cannot be avoided on the idea that in the struggle for existence among groups of animals, only those which are best 16 remain alive. In general, however, this struggle in nature is competition, not conflict. Those who fail in this competition 17 starve to death or are 18 by other types of animals. This struggle for 19 is not similar to human war, but is like the competition of 20 for jobs, markets, and materials. The most important quality of this struggle is the competition for the necessities of life that are not enough to satisfy all.( ) 1. A. considering B. solving C. answering D. saying( ) 2. A. related B. used C. translated D. sacred( ) 3. A. specified B. remarked C. defined D. claimed( ) 4. A. variable B. distinguished C. various D. isolated( ) 5. A. acknowledged B. denies C. assumes D. means来源:Z。xx。k.Com( ) 6. A. critically B. approximately C. independently D. costly( ) 7. A. on B. for C. with D. in( ) 8. A. enter B. participate C. fall D. involve( ) 9. A. formations B. classes C. terms D. reactions( ) 10. A. nevertheless B. however C. thus D. maybe( ) 11. A. procession B. standard C. process D. measurement( ) 12. A. accounts B. definitions C. descriptions D. explanations( ) 13. A. resources B. origins C. sources D. materials( ) 14. A. matter B. element C. event D. coincidence( ) 15. A. concentrated B. fixed C. centered D. based( ) 16. A. encouraged B. accepted C. adapted D. adopted( ) 17. A. not only B. either C. neither D. both( ) 18. A. killed B. raised C. fired D. surrounded( ) 19. A. resistence B. privilege C. favour D. employment( ) 20. A. workers B. officials C. individuals D. residents1.A 考虑这个问题之前，有必要介绍一些与之相关的概念。2.A “相关的概念”，应用related。3.C define, “解释”，“下定义”，后面经常接as; specify,“指定”，“指明”。The regulations specify that you may use a dictionary in the examination。规则指明考虐时可用字典。remark,“说”。claim,“要求承认某人之身份，所有权”。Does anyone claim this umbrella?有没有人认领这把伞？ 冲突，指的是社会单位，团体或个人之间的对抗。它与“竞争”不同。竞争指的是社会单位间为夺取一种不足够的供应而进行的对抗。4.B distinguish from区别，不同；variable与vaious(多样的)后面一般不接from; isolated“与隔离开来”。5.D 对前面competition的解释，“意味着”。6.C critically批判地；approximately大致地；independently 独立地；不受控制地；costly形容词，昂贵的。根据文中含义，“竞争对手各自寻求物质，所以才会有冲突”。所以此外选C为宜。7.D in short(inadequate) supply“缺乏的”为固定搭配，一般不用其它介词。8.B enter in登记姓名，细节等。例：enter in an item in an accountbook将一笔账记入账本；fall in陷入，例fall in love with sb. involve in“卷入”，一般为卷入某个事件；participate in参与。 竞争者们可能彼此不了解，而冲突者们则熟识对方。9.B formation,构成;terms,术语;reactions,反映;classes在此处指“种类，类别”。冲突和竞争都属于对抗。10.C 选这类连接副词时，关键是弄清句与句之间意义关系。上句讲到对抗就是彼此不服务。这句讲到合作就是彼此服务。他们之间连接词自然就是“因此”了，因此他们相反。对抗与合作相反。合作指的是社会单位互相服务。11.C procession队伍，行列；standard标准；process过程；measurement衡量。上句中谈到对抗是彼此不服务时，用的是“a process by which social.”,此处与上句这部分结构完全相同，就可套用process一词。12.B accounts叙述；definitions，定义，概念；descriptions,描述；explanations，解释。文章第二句话是第一自然段主题句：介绍几个概念，然后作者分别介绍。本题中用these definitions“这些概念”则与上文浑然一体。对这些定义的理解非常必要，因为有必要强调，个人或团体之间的竞争在这个资源有限的世界是难免的，而冲突则是可免的。13.A resource资源，指国家、人类或个人所拥有的人力及物力，例：We must exploit the natural resources of our country. 我们必须开发本国的天然资源。source指河的源头：the source of Nile尼罗河的发源地。source还指出处，来源，例：The news comes from a reliable source.这项消息出自可靠的来源。origin起源，the origin of a quarrel 争吵的起因。此空前为a world of limited一个有限资源的世界，因此选A。14.B 冲突很可能发生，它可能是人类社会必不可少、值得得到的要素。15. D base.on. 把建立在上。16.C 只有那些适应（能力）强的才活下来。17.B 看到or就会想到either; not only.but also; neither.not.,both.and都是固定搭配。在竞争中失败的动物，要不就是饿死，要不就被别的动物杀死。18.A 由前句starve to death和or可知，此处应同death意义相近。19.A 为生存的抗争不同于人类战争。20.C 由后面的jobs, markets and materials可知，此处应填“个人”。 workers, officials和residents（居民）都以偏概全。完形单词单选巩固1. 2005湖北,30 He hasnt slept at all for three days. _ he is tired out.A)There is no pointB)There is no needC)It is no wonderD)It is no way2. 2005江苏,35 _ about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research.A)so curious the couple wasB)So curious were the coupleC)How curious the couple wereD)The couple was such curious3. 2005江西,29 _ and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctors help to end her life.A)Having given up hope of cureB)With no hope for cureC)There being hope for cureD)In the hope of cure4. 2006天津,15 Finding information in todays world is easy. The _ is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.A)abilityB)competitionC)challengeD)knowledge5. 2006重庆,24 Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ with my progress.来源:Zxxk.ComA)the teacher is not satisfiedB)is the teacher not satisfiedC)the teacher is satisfiedD)is the teacher satisfied6. 2007安徽,22 Little _ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.A)he realizedB)he didnt realizeC)didnt he realizeD)did he realize来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K7. 2008湖北24As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer to _ the problem.A)handleB)raiseC)faceD)present8. 2008天津,3I just cant stop worrying about the result of the job interview. _. Theres nothing you can do now but wait.A)RelaxB)Go aheadC)Go for itD)Good luck9. 2008重庆,26Only when I left my parents for Italy _ how much I loved them.A)I realizedB)I had realizedC)had I realizedD)did I realize10. 2009全国II,15 If you leave the club, you will not be _ back in.A)receivedB)admittedC)turnedD)moved11. 2009陕西,20 Form their _ on the top of the TV Tower, visitors can have a better view of the city.A)stageB)positionC)conditionD)situation12. 2009湖南,25At the age of 29, Dave was a worker, _ in a small apartment near Boston and _ what to do about his future.A)living; wonderingB)lived; wonderingC)lived; wonderedD)living; wondered13. 2009江西,34 The government plans to bring in new laws _ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children.来源:学_科_网Z_X_X_KA)forcedB)forcingC)to be forcedD)having forced14. 2010安徽, 35 _ ?That would be great! Please drop me off at the library.A)Could you bring me the billB)Would you like me to give you a liftC)Could you tell me the postcode for ParisD)Would you like to have my e?mail address15. 2010全国II, 19Excuse me. I _ I was blocking your way.A)didnt realizeB)dont realizeC)havent realizedD)wasnt realizing16. 2010山东, 35Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have _ schedules to make it easier to care for their children.A)heavyB)smoothC)flexibleD)complex17. 2010陕西, 14You look well. The air and the sea foods in Sanya must _ you, I suppose.A)agree withB)agree toC)agree onD)agree about18. 2010天津, 5People have always been _ about exactly how life on earth began.A)curiousB)excitedC)anxiousD)careful19. 2011北京, 21Experiments of this kind in both the U. S. and Europe _ well before the Second World War.A)have conductedB)have been conductedC)had conductedD)had been conducted20. 2011江苏, 22The fact that so many people still smoke in public places _ that we may need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking.A)suggestB)suggestsC)suggestedD)suggesting21. 2011全国I 28Only when he reached the tea-house _ it was the same place hed been in last year.A)he realizedB)he did realizeC)realized heD)did he realize22. 2011山东, 31When I got on the bus, I _ I had left my wallet at home.A)was realizingB)realizedC)have realizedD)would realize23. 2011四川, 19What a mistake!Yes. I _ his doing it another way, but without success.A)was suggestingB)will suggestC)would suggestD)had suggested24. 2012安徽, 24I remembered _ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.A)lockingB)to lockC)having lockedD)to have locked25. 2012辽宁,32Not until he retired from teaching three years ago _ having a holiday abroad.A)he had consideredB)had he consideredC)he consideredD)did he consider26. 2012山东, 24 My first _ of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.A)expressionB)attentionC)satisfactionD)impression27. 2012天津, 5You have to believe in yourself. No one else will, if you dont. _. Confidence is really important.A)Its not my cup of teaB)Thats not the pointC)I dont think soD)I couldnt agree more28. 2012重庆, 31Before you quit your job, _ how your family would feel about your decision.A)considerB)consideringC)to considerD)considered29. 2013福建,34 Not until he went through real hardship _ the love we have for our families is important.A)had he realizedB)did he realizeC)he realizedD)he had realized30. 2013上海,32The students are looking forward to having an opportunity _ society for real-life experience.A)exploreB)to exploreC)exploringD)explored来源:学#科#网31. 2013浙江,2Mary worked here as a _ secretary and ended up getting a full-time job with the company.A)pessimisticB)temporaryC)previousD)cautious32. 2004北京,25 Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _ going back to school, but she hasnt decided yet.A)had consideredB)has been consideringC)consideredD)is going to consider33. 2004湖南,33 You were silly not _ your car.A)to lockB)to have lockedC)lockingD)having locked34. 2004浙江,28 Brad was Janes brother! _ he reminded me so much of Jane!A)No doubtB)Above allC)No wonderD)Of course35. 2004重庆,34 I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.A)I realizedB)I had realizedC)had I realizedD)did I realize36. 2003安徽春If youre driving to the airport. Can you give me a _ ?A)handB)seatC)driveD)lift参考答案：词汇真题1.C 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.A 9.D 10.B 11.B 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.A 19.D 20.B 21.D 22.B 23.D 24.A 25.D 26.D 27.D 28.A 29.B 30.B 31.B 32.B 33.B 34.C 35.D 36.D完形填空-BThe purpose of a letter of application(求职信)is to help you to “sell” yourself. It should state 1 the job you want, and should tell what your abilities are and what you have 2 . It should be simple, human, personal and brief without 3 any necessary fact. In writing such a letter, keep in 4 what a possible employer is most 5 to want to know about, therefore, the opening paragraph is perhaps the most important part. 6 the first few sentences fail to 7 the readers attention, the rest of the letter may not be 8 at all. Try to key your opening remarks to the needs of the employer not 9 your own needs of desire. For example, instead of beginning with “I saw your 10 in todays paper,” you might say “I have made a careful 11 of your advertising during the past six months.” 12 “I have made a survey(调查)to find out how many housewives use your product and why they like it.” Be clear about the kind of job you are now 13 .Try to avoid(避免)generalities. College 14 looking for their first positions often ask, “What can I 15 against such a situation in a letter? Employer want experiencewhich, naturally, no 16 has.” The answer is that everything you have ever done is 17 . It is important to write a good strong closing for your letter. 18 a specific request for an interview or give the possible employer something clear to do or expect. An excellent19 is to enclose(内附)a stamped, self-addressed envelop with your letter, which makes it 20 for a possible employer to get in touch with you.( ) 1. A. clearly B. carefully C. seriously D. easily提示:本段第一句是文章的论点，下文都是围绕在求职中如何“推销”自己展开论述。后文表明正确地推销自己并被雇用不是一件容易的事，排除D项。本段最后一句对求职信的要求表明:求职信重要的是表达清楚，因此，正确答案为A。答案:A( ) 2. A. found B. done C. known D. heard提示:求职信应该说明你做过什么，有哪方面的经验，所以，正确答案为B。下文有该答案的暗示。答案:B( ) 3. A. sending out B. taking out C. leaving out D. picking out提示:上文说求职信应表达清楚，本句进一步说不要有遗漏。答案:C( ) 4. A. brain B. sight C. order D. mind答案:D( ) 5. A. probably B. possibly C. likely D. able提示:本题考查词的辨析。从语法上讲四个选项都正确，但是able用在此处语意不通;probable和possible作表语时都不用人作主语;likely作表语时既可以人作主语也可物作主语。答案:C( ) 6. A. While B. Now that C. As D. If答案:D( ) 7. A. pay B. win C. s