托福口语种题型.ppt

一 独立口语Task1Task2二 综合口语Task3Task4Task5Task6 托福口语概况 在口语部分 考生需要就基于个人经历 校园环境和学术性材料提出的各种话题用英语表达自己的观点 答题时间共20分钟 Task1 2 独立口语任务 写生要依据自己的观点 见解或者经历来回答问题 Task3 4 读文章 讨论或者讲座节选 答题Task5 6 听对话或者节选的讲座片段 答题在整个口语考试中 考生可以记笔记 并在回答时作参考 托福口语概况 口语评分标准独立口语 旨在检验学生能否阐明并连贯表达自己的观点 能否运用恰当的解释与细节描述充实并支持论点 一级语言表达时间偶清晰流畅 易于理解 综合口语 旨在检验考生能否根据1到2段材料传达相关信息 能否连贯表达观点并通过恰当的解释和细节描写充实论点 以及语言表达是否清晰流畅 易于理解 DeliveryLanguageuseTopicdevelopment 一 人物类二 地点类三 事物类1 抽象事物2 具体事物四 事件类 独立口语 一 人物类 Sampleanswer1 Describethequalitiesofagoodleader Ithinkaleaderneedsatleasttwoimportantcharacteristics First aleadershouldbegoodatmanagement Thereareusuallyagreatnumberofmembersunderthechargeofoneleader soaleaderissupposedtoorganizeeverythingwellinordertomakeacompanyrunsmoothly Secondly agoodleadershouldbegoodatmakingdecisions Agoodandcorrectdecisioncanleadtothefinalsuccess whereasawronganddelayeddecisionmaybringaboutdisasterstothecompany Ofcourse thisskillrequiresalotofworkingexperience Sampleanswer2 Describethequalitiesofagoodcolleague First acolleagueissupposedtobeefficientinwork Whengivenataskbytheboss alltheteammembersshouldtaketheirdutiesandcooperatewellinordertofinishitquickly Ifoneofthecolleaguesisslowandleftbehind aprojectwillbedelayed Secondly Ithinkacolleagueshouldbereadytohelpothers Whenanewemployeecomestothecompany heknowslittleaboutthework soitishiscolleagueswhoaresupposedtohelphim Buttherearesomestaffmemberswhowouldn tliketohelpothers fortheyareafraidthatotherswillexcelthemafterwards 二 地点类 Sampleanswer1 Ifyourforeignfriendsaregoingtovisityourcountry wheredoyousuggestthemtogo IfIhadthechance I dliketotaketheforeignvisitorstotheForbiddenCity First theForbiddenCityhasahistoryofmorethan600yearsandistheplacewheretheroyalfamilyusedtoliveduringtheQingandMingdynasty TheForbiddenCityissolargethatithasmorethan900rooms ItsmagnificentarchitecturewhichincludesmanyChineseelementshasbecomethesymbolofChineseculture Second thousandsofvisitorsfromdifferentpartsoftheworldcometoseeiteveryday Theyallsayitlooksmuchgranderthanitlooksinmovies What smore therearealotofantiquesdisplayingintheForbiddencityattractingmanyvisitors Sampleanswer2 Wherewouldyouliketolive Mountain forest beach ordesert TheplaceI dliketoliveistheforest Ipreferitforthefollowingreasons Firstofall theairintheforestismuchfresherthanthatinthecity AndIknowdoctorswillsuggestpeopletogotheretobreatheinmoreoxygen Ihaveacousin Jimmy whousedtohaveproblemswithhislungsandhisdoctortoldhimtogototheforestasmuchashecould Nowheiswellagain Also wecanhikeorevenhavepicnicsintheforestaslongaswedonotgetlost Itmustbesuchaniceexperiencetofeelthebreezeandwatchthegreentreessittingonthegrasswithyourfriendswhileyoucanenjoyyourdeliciousfood 1 抽象事物 事物类 Describethemostimportantdecisionthatyou vemadeinyourlife AparticularlysignificantdecisionI vemadeinmylifewasthatIcametoworkandliveinBeijing IhadjustfinishedmycontractonaverydecentjobandIsupposeIwantedanewchallenginganddemandingjob SoIdecidedtocometoBeijing thecapitalcityfilledwithtalentsandopportunities Besides IwasalwaysabitpassionateandIlikedtodothingsonthespurofthemoment Arrivinginanewcitywasexciting JustwalkingoutofthestationwithasuitcaseandtwobagsandwithadreamofdoingsomethingfortheOlympicGames IfeltIhadarrivedandIfeltlifewasmineandIcouldmakeittobeexactlywhatIwanted Thatsummer Irealizedagainthatlifeneveroughttobeboring butonthecontraryisfullofadventureandchallengeandisexciting too 2 具体事物 Describeabookthatyouthinkisinteresting Explainwhythisbookisinterestingtoyou Includedetailsandexamplesinyourexplanation CodeofVinciisundoubtedlyaveryinterestingbookwhichattractsalistofreadersintheworld First personally Ihavetosaythatwecanlearnalotaboutthewesternculturefromthisbook suchasthereligion theBible themysteriouschurches themuseumsinParis andsomeothermysteries Additionally thewholestoryinthebookdevelopsinaverylogicalandamazingway fullofmysteriesanddetectiveelementswhichkeepmyinteresttoknowwhathappensnext Itisreallyanattractivebook 综合口语Task3听力部分的笔记应注意以下事项 1 对话通常为一男一女对阅读文章中的话题发表自己的看法 选择发表观点最直接最强烈的一方记录 2 看法强烈的一方对文章中的问题可能表示赞成 也可能表示反对 并给出支持自己观点的两个理由 考生要对此信息进行记录 常用结构句式 1 阅读部分复述时 第一句话要交代阅读内容的背景 一般以下列表达为主 Theuniversityisgoingto hasplanned hasdecidedto because 原因一 also 原因二 Intheannouncement notice theuniversityisgoingto thefirstreasonis thesecondreasonis 2 阅读部分介绍完毕 可以直接说明学生的态度 并自然过渡到听力内容 Thewoman mantotallyagreeswiththeuniversity sannouncement decision policy Theman womanisagainst supporting He shefeelsunhappy lesssatisfiedabout She hethinksthe isunfair inconvenient unaffordableforthefollowingreasons 3 听力部分 当转述对话人所给出的两个理由时 可以用以下表达 First she hethinks saysAlso she hepointsoutthat 真题练习 2009年2月28日 NarratorNowlistentotwostudentsastheydiscusstheopeningletter Man Look That sgreat Woman Whatdoyoumean Man Theschoolwouldmakeagooddecisionbyfollowingthroughonthatstudent sproposal Woman Whatistheproposalabout Man Hereyougo aletterinthenewspaperstatesthattheschoolshouldallocatefundstoorganizefieldtripsforstudents Ibelievethisactwillhaveapositiveimpact Woman Okay pleaseexplainyourideaalittlebitfurther Man Well theschoolwilldefinitelybedoingagoodthinginprovidingfundsforthis Especiallyinspringandsummer alotofstudentsenjoytakingnaturewalks However notallofthemhavetransportation makingitdifficulttotaketrips Studentslivinginthecenterofthecitywouldfindtripslikethatdifficulttomake Butwiththetransportationcoveredbytheschool morestudentswouldbeabletotakeabreakfromtheirstudiesandgoonnaturewalks Woman Youareright Beingoutandaboutinnatureisreallyrefreshing right Man That sright Spendingallourtimeandenergyonstudyingleadstoexhaustion Tripslikethesearegoodexperiencesforstudents helpingthemtorechargetheirbatteriesandexperiencenature Whentheycomeback thestudentswillbeevenmorefocusedontheirstudies Woman Sure definitely SampleAnswer Aletterfromastudentsuggestedthattheschoolshouldfinanciallysupportawildernessclubforstudentsbecausestudentsneedtogetintouchwithnatureandtakeabreakfromtheirstudies Themanlikestheproposalforthefollowingreasons Manystudentswhowanttotakenaturewalksdonothavepropertransportation makingittoodifficultforthemtotravelonfieldtrips Butthefreetransportofferedbytheschoolwillenablestudentstogoonnaturewalks Afterstudentsarerechargedfromthetrip theywillbeabletoconcentratemoreontheirschoolwork 综合口语task4答题思路回答这个问题的时候 考生需要试用来自听力和阅读材料的信息 并把教授在讲座中提到的例子和阅读文章中提出笼统的概念相练习 考生不需要一一列举出细节 但是提供的信息也是能够让没有听过讲座的人理解的 常用句式结构Inthissetofmaterials thereadingpassagedescribes andthelisteningmaterialisonthesametopic Accordingtothelecture theprofessordiscussesthepointthat Theprofessortalksaboutthetheorythat He shegivesone twoexamplestoexplainsuchapointThereadingpassagegivesthedefinitionof Inthelecture theprofessorgoesontodemonstrateitbyintroducingsomeexamples Thefirstis Thesecondis Fromthereadingmaterial weknowthat Todemonstrateit thespeakerprovidestwoexamples reasons researches Oneexampleisthat Anotherexampleisthat 真题练习 2009年10月18日OpportunitycostOpportunitycostisaneconomicphenomenondescribingthenext bestchoiceavailabletosomeonewhohaspickedbetweenseveralmutuallyexclusivechoices Thenotionofopportunitycostplaysacrucialpartinensuringthatscarceresourcesareusedefficiently Forexample therearemanyoptionsinascenario Whenpeoplewithafixedamountofmoneychooseoneofthemandbenefitfromit theymustgiveupthebenefitsassociatedwithotheroptions Narrator M welcometomyclass You reinMacroeconomics Today we regoingtolearnaboutanimportanteconomicconceptknownasopportunitycost Opportunitycostistheprocessofchoosingoneproductorserviceoveranother Theitemthatyoudon tpickistheopportunitycost Itisassessedinnotonlymonetary butalsomaterialterms Eventhoughpeoplemightnotrealizeit theyuseopportunitycosteverysingleday Hereisanexample Manyyearsago theschoolhadtwooptionsindevelopingschoolinfrastructure Onechoicewastobuildanewswimmingpool becausetheschoollackedoneandstudentshadtogoallthewaytothepublicpooldowntown Thesecondoptionwasconstructionofanewlibrary becausetheexistingonewastoosmall Intheend theschooldecidedtobuildaswimmingpool Whilemakingthisdecision theschoolconsideredboththecostandtheopportunitycostofbuildingtheswimmingpool Theopportunitycostinthiscasewasthebenefitstheschoolwouldhavereceivedfrombuildinganewlibrary Forinstance manystudentsmaynotpreferaswimmingpoolandwouldhavewantedagoodenvironmentforlearningordoingresearch Theschoolwouldhavetoforegotheirinterestsifitwantedtobuildaswimmingpool Question theprofessortakesoneexampletoillustratethephenomenonof opportunitycost Explainhowthisexampleisrelatedtothereadingpassage Preparationtime 30secondsResponsetime 60secondsSampleanswer Thelecturetalksaboutopportunitycost whichisaneconomicphenomenon Itmeanstheprocessandcostofchoosingonethingoveranother Peopleuseopportunitycostintheireverydaylives butmostofthemmightnotbeawareofit Forexample aschooloncehadtwooptionsoverwhethertobuildanewswimmingpooloranewlibrary Afterhavingconsideredtheopportunitycostbetweenthetwooptions theschooldecidedtobuildaswimmingpool Thecostinthiscasewasthestudentsbenefitingfromhavingmorebooksandagoodenvironmentforlearningorconductingresearchfromanewlibrary 2009年2月28日CompetenceInpsychology competenceisastandardizedrequirementforanindividualtoproperlyperformaspecificjob Itencompassesacombinationofknowledge skillsandbehaviorutilizedtoimproveperformance Moregenerally competenceistheabilitytoperformaspecifictask actionorfunctionsuccessfully Competencehastwostages theconsciousandunconscious Nowlistentoalectureonthistopicinaneducationpsychologyclass W Bothconsciouscompetenceandunconsciouscompetencearenamesforthetwostagesofcompetenceorlearning whichisanexplanationofhowpeoplelearnsomething Itprogressesfromdevelopingaskillinanareabuthavingtoconcentrateonit tothesecondstage inwhichpeoplearesogoodattheskillthatitjustcomesnaturally I llexplainthetermsfurthertohelpyouunderstandalittlebetter understandalittlebetter Consciouscompetencereferstoanindividual sunderstandingorknowledgeofdoingsomething However demonstratingtheskillorknowledgerequiresagreatdealofconsciousconcentration Here sanexample whenyoufirststarttolearntypingonacomputerkeyboard youhavetoworkhardathittingtherightkeyswithoutbeingbotheredbyotherthingsinordertogeteverythingcorrect Sometimes youneedtostoptotalkwithothers Asaresult typinganarticlewilltakealongtime butyoumakefewmistakes However whenitcomestothestageofunconsciouscompetence anindividualhasmasteredtheskillsothatitbecomessecondnatureandcanbeperformedeasily oftenwithoutconcentratingtoodeeply Let sgobacktothesameexample Youaretypinganarticle butthistimeyoudon thavetothinkaboutwherethekeysare一youjusttypethemautomatically Yourtypingspeedisgettingfasterandfaster andyou reabletotalktoyourfriendswithoutconcentratingonthekeyboard Ofcourse typingerrorsmaymorefrequentlyoccur Theprofessortakesoneexampletoillustratethedifferencebetweentheconsciousandunconsciouscompetence explainhowthisexampleisrelatedtothereadingpassage Competenceistheabilitytoperformaspecificjobwell Ithastwostages theconsciousandunconscious Consciouscompetenceisthefirststageoflearningwhichrequiresgreatconcentrationwhendemonstratingaskill Forexample whenyoustarttolearntyping youhavetoconcentrateoneachkeyyouhit Youdon twantotherstobotheryouandsometimesyouhavetostopwhenyoutalktoothers Asaresultthough yourtypinghasfewmistakes However whenitcomestothesecondstageoflearning peoplehavealreadymasteredtheskillandnolongerconcentrateasdeeply Forrexample youdon thavetolookatthekeyboardwhenyouaretypinganarticlebecausetheskillhasbecomesecondnature Soyoucantypefasterthanbeforeandtalktoyourfriendsatthesametime However sometimeserrorsaremorelikelytooccur 思路分析在听力时应该留意听的有三点 1 男生或者女生遇到了什么样的问题 记下最简洁的关键词 2 另外一个人提出的第一个意见和详细内容 3 提出的第二个意见和详细内容 综合口语Task5 在准备时间里应该着重于选择倾向的一个建议 然后列出两个理由 常用结构句式首先概括听力里的内容 即遇到了什么样的问题及两个建议Theman womanhasencounteredaproblemthat Theproblemoftheman womanisthat Thefirstadvicegivenis whilethesecondis Theman womanposed2advices thefirstoneis thesecondoneis Thereare2possiblewaystosolvetheproblem 之后再提出个人的观点和理由Ipreferthefirst secondadviceforthefollowingreasonsthat Thefirst secondoneismorereasonablethat Thefirst secondoneisbetterthantheother because Althoughthefirst secondadvicesoundsreasonable Ibelievethattheotheroneismoresuitable 2009年10月18日ManHi Mary Summeriscoming Doyouhaveanyplans WomanWell I mabouttoapplyforasummerjobatanewspaperoffice IwishIcouldworkforanewspaperaftergraduation ManWow itsoundslikeyouhaveagoodplanforyourfuture WomanButtheproblemis Ihavetosubmitmyapplicationbeforethedeadline whichisnoontomorrow Buttheofficeiswaytoofarfromschool andIdon tknowifIcangetthereontime ManOh Iunderstand Youprobablywanttodrivethereanddeliveryourapplication Iamsureyoucansubmityourfilebeforethedeadline WomanHa nodoubt ButIjustrealizedIhaveareviewsessiontomorrowmorningoncampus HowcouldImakebothatthesametime ManYeah yourscheduleistricky Perhapsthere sanotherway一youcansendyourapplicationbyexpressmail Theexpressservicealwayshasawaytodeliveryourapplicationontime So feelfreetoattendyourclasstomorrowmorning Youwon treallymissanythingimportant WomanYeah youknow I vedreamedaboutthisopportunity Aftergraduation whenI mlookingforwork anyemployerwilldefinitelyvaluemypart timenewspaperexpe