反义疑问句讲解及练习题

1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或wont you构成反意疑问句，用will you 多表示“请求”，用wont you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如：Look at the blackboard, will you/ wont you?看黑板，好吗？Let引导的祈使句有两种情况：1)Lets.,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shant we。例如：Lets go home, shall we/ shant we? 回家吧，好吗？还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。2)Let us/me.后的反意疑问句用will you或wont you。例如：Let me have a try, will you/wont you? 让我试一试，行吗？2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时，其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如：What fine weather, isnt it? 多好的天气啊，是吧？3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to，且这些词被用作实义动词时，其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如：He needs help, doesnt he?他需要帮助，是吗？4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am.时，反意疑问句用arent I 或aint I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如：Im working now, aint I? 我在工作，是吗？5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时，反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如：Something is wrong with my radio, isnt it? 我的收音机出毛病了，是吧？6.陈述部分的主语是 everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如：Everyone is here, arent they? 大家都到了，是吗？No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事，对吗？7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时，反意疑问句的主语用it，当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时，其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如：This is a plane, isnt it? 这是一架飞机，是吗？These are grapes，arent they? 这些是葡萄，是吗？8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时，反意疑问句的主语可以用one，也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如：One should be ready to help others, shouldnt one? 每个人都应该乐于助人，是吧？9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时：few, little, seldom，hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等，其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如：He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到，是吗？10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的，其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如：It is unfair, isnt it? 这不公平，是吧？11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时，其反意疑问句用肯定结构，也可以用否定结构。例如：You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到，是吗？12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时，反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如：What you need is more important, isnt it？你需要的东西更重要，是吧？13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose.)that. 结构时，其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致，注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如：I dont think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来，对吗？14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思，并在句中做谓语时，其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如：They had a meeting just now，didnt they? 他们刚才开了个会，是吗？15.陈述部分有have to 时，其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如：You have to water the vegetables every day, dont you?你每天都要浇菜，对吧？16.陈述部分是there be句型时，其反意疑问句中要用there。例如：There was a hospital here, wasnt there? 过去这儿有家医院，是吗？17.陈述部分有had better时，反意疑问句中要用hadnt。例如：We had better go to school at once, hadnt we? 我们现在最好马上去上学，好吗？18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时，我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定；要；必须”讲，反意疑问句须用mustnt或neednt；而当must作推测意义“一定是；必定”讲时，反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如：He must work hard at physics, mustnt he? 他必须努力学物理，是吧？Tom must be at home，isnt he? 汤姆一定在家，是吧？练习：1. I dont think that the necklace is made of diamond, _?A. do I B. do you C. isnt it D. is it2. His wife had the carpets and the curtains cleaned, _? A. hadnt B. had C. didnt she D. did she3.Its my sons wedding next week, and I have to do my best for that,_ ?A. havent I B. dont I C. dont he D. isnt it4.Harry wouldnt become a teacher if it hadnt been for the holiday, _ ?A. would he B. had it C. would it D. had he5. No one left here yesterday,_?A. didnt they B. did they C. didnt one D. did one6. Birds rarely build nests in our garden,_?A. dont they B. do they C. didnt they D. did they7. You must have been to the Great Wall,_?A. mustnt you B. havent you C. arent you D. must you8. learning how to repair motors takes a long time,_?A. doesnt it B. dont they C. does it D. do they9.They must have stayed at home last night,_?A. mustnt they B. havent they C. didnt they D. must they10.I feel like going to the cinema tonight,_?A. dont I B. dont you C. do I D. do you11.Lets start out early tomorrow morning,_?A. shall we B. will you C. do you D. cant you12.Theres not much news in todays newspaper,_?A. isnt it B. is it C. isnt there D. is there13.They need our help badly at the moment,_?A. neednt they B. need they C. dont they D. do they14.She is unfit for the position,_?A. is she B. isnt she C. doesnt she D. does she15.I wish to visit America,_?A. dont I B. can I C. may I D. may you16.Shes been a worker here for many years,_?A. isnt she B. is she C. hasnt she D. has she17.What beautiful flowers,_?A. arent they B. are they C. isnt it D. is it18.Mother used to live in a poor village,_?A. used she B. usednt she C. didnt he D. did he19.Youd better go at once,_? A. wouldnt you B. had you C. hadnt you D. should you20.I am very interested in Mark Twains novels,_?A. arent I B. am not I C. arent you D. are youKeys:1-5 DCBAB6-10 BBACD11-15 ADABC16-20 CABCA21. Somethingll have to be done about the air pollution, _?A. wont it B. will it C. has it D. does it22. Linda ate nothing this morning, _?A. didnt she B. was she C. did she D. wasnt she23. Theres hardly_ milk in the bottle, _there?A. no, isnt B. some, is C. little, isnt D. any, is24. He has never ridden a horse before, _?A. does he B. has he C. hasnt he D. doesnt he25. - He seldom came here, _? - Yes sir.A. didnt he B. does he C. doesnt he D. did he26. Everything seems all right, _ ?A. does it B. dont they C. wont it D. doesnt it27. Nobody was absent from the meeting, _ ?A. was it B. were they C. wasnt he D. werent they28. One cant be too modest, can _ ? A. one B. he C. it D. we29. No one failed in the exam, _ ? A. was he B. did one C. did they D. didnt he 30. Im a little late for class, _ I? A. amnt B. am not C. isnt D. aint31. Neither you nor I am a artist, _ ? A. am I B. arent we C. are we D. aint I32. He cant be her father, _ he? A. is B. isnt C. can D. cant21 A22 C 23 D 24 B 25 D 26D 27 B 28 A 29C 31 D 32 C 33 A注意一、反义疑问句是疑问句的一种，它对陈述部分的事实提出相反的疑问，形式上是一个省略问句，附加在陈述句后，即：陈述句+逗号+省略问句+问号YouarefromAmerica,arentyou?注意二、遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则（但在祈使句等一些特殊句子中需注意，详细见注意七）JimisntinClassFour,ishe?注意三、附加疑问句必须前后两句主语相同Mr.Zhanghasbeenhereforfouryears,hasnthe?注意四、附加疑问句部分与主语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）1this或that改it，无论是否指人Thisisyourbrother,isntit?2.these或those改theyThosearebooks,arentthey?3.不定代词one改one或heOnecantbealwaysyoung,canone/he?4.something、anything、everything和nothing改itNothingisserious,isit?(注意为什么后面用isit而不是isntit?)Everythingseemsallright,doesntit?5.everybody、everyone、somebody、someone、anybody、anyone、nobody改they或he（任选，但选定后注意单复数形式）Everyoneknowsthis,dontthey/doesnthe?Nobodylikestolosemoney,doeshe?(这里最好用he)6.eachof改he或theyEachoftheboyshadanapple,didnthe/they?7.noone,none,neither,either改they或heNoonecame,didthey?8.someof、noneof改it、they或you（联系上下文或句子）Noneofthefoodwasdelicious,wasit?Someofthedustmenhavecomeback,haventthey?9.由neithernor、notonlybutalso、bothand、eitheror、notbut、or、and等连接的并列主语，改复数代词NeitheryounorIamwrong,arewe?BothTomandJackcame,didntthey?10.由动词不定式、动名词、从句或词组构成的主语，改itTolearnEnglishwellisnteasy,isit?Swimmingisgreatfun,isntit?11.the+形容词表示一类人，改复数代词Thepoorhadnoright(权力)tospeakatthetime,didthey?12.there引起的句子（Therebe句型等），仍用thereTherestandsahouseandalotoftrees,doesntthere?Therearemanychildreninthepark,arentthere?注意五、附加疑问句部分与谓语不一致的若干情况如下（需牢记）(初中阶段14点18点和19点可以常识性了解)1.have(有)改have或doMaryhastwobrothers,doesntshe/hasntshe?2.have(有)必须与陈述部分一致Hehasntalotoftime,hashe?MissGreendoesnthaveanymoneyinherpocket,doesshe?3.have不做“有”解释，必须用doTheyallhaveagoodtime,dontthey?4.haveto用do或haveWehavetogetupearly,dontwe/haventwe?5.havegotto用haveWehavegottoanswerallthequestions,haventwe?6.hadbetter用should或hadWehadbettergorightnow,shouldntwe/hadntwe?7.cant（不可能，表示推测）根据cant或的动词选择相应的形式Hecantbeadoctor,ishe?Theworkerscanthavefinishedtheirwork,havethey?8.may用may+主语+not（英语中不用maynt）Theymaybeherenextweek,maytheynot?9.must(必须)用needntYoumustdoittoday,needntyou?10.must(应该)用mustntImuststudyhard,mustntI?11.mustnt用must或mayYoumustnttalklikethat,mustyou?Wemustntstayhereanylonger,mustwe?12.“mustbe”对现在情况进行推测作一般现在时或现在进行时的附加疑问句进行处理2反义疑问句Hemustbehappy,isnthe?Hemustbeworkinghardattheoffice,isnthe?must表示推测时，也有用mustnt的Hemusthavebeenworkingveryhard,mustnthe?YoumusthavetoldMrWangthesecret,mustntyou?13.“must+完成时”表示对过去情况的推测，作一般过去时附加疑问句处理Hemusthavecomeyesterday,didnthe?Youmusthaveseentheplaylastweek,didntyou?14.“must+完成时”用来推测过去的动作持续到现在按现在完成时的附加疑问句来处理YoumusthavestudiedEnglishforyears,haventyou?Hemusthavelivedhereforatleasttenyears,hasnthe?14.实义动词need和dear用doHeneedshelp,doesnthe?Ihaveneverdaredtoaskhim,haveI?15.情态动词need和dear用need和dearHedarenotsayso,darehe?Weneednotdoitagain,needwe?16.neednt用need或mustYouneedntgoyet,needyou?Heneedntdothat,musthe?17.“wouldrather+动词原形”和“wouldliketo+动词原形”用wouldntHewouldratherreadthetexttentimesthanreciteit,wouldnthe?Youdliketohavesomebananas,wouldntyou?18.“oughtto+动词原形”用oughtnt或shouldntThechildoughttobepunished,oughtnthe?Weoughttogothere,shouldntwe?19.“usedto+动词原形”用“didnt+主语”或“usednt+主语”或“used+主语+not”HeusedtoliveinLondon,usednthe/didnthe?Heusedtoplayfootballwhenhewasachild,usedhenot?注意六、句子中有seldom,hardly,no,not,never,few,little,nothing,nobody,nowhere等是否定句,附加疑问部分必须采用肯定形式NobodyphonedwhileIwasout,didthey?Heishardlyabletoswim,ishe?Thereislittleinkinyourpen,isthere?noone,nobody,none,nothing,neither等作动词的宾语时,附加疑问部分一般采用肯定形式(也偶尔用否定形式)Hehasnothingtosay,does(nt)he?Yougotnothingfromhim,did(nt)you?注意七、一些特殊句型的附加疑问句1.Iam改arentIIamyourfriend,arentI?2.Iwishtodosth或IwishI改mayIIwishtogohome,mayI?IwishIwereyou,mayI?3.主从复合句,与主句的主谓语保持一致HesaysthatIdidit,doesnthe?Davidwouldntgothereifitrained,wouldhe?4.并列句,与邻近的分句保持一致Maryisanicegirl,butshehadoneshort-coming,hadntshe?5.表示邀请,请求的祈使句,附加疑问部分用willyou或wontyou或wouldyou等,一般只要记住willyou就可以了,不遵循前否定后肯定或前肯定后否定的原则Comehere,willyou?Turnoffthelight,willyou?Dositdown,willyou?6.表示告诉别人做某事的祈使句，用willyou、canyou、wouldyou或cantyou、wontyouStoptalking,canyou?Writedownthenewwords,willyou/wontyou?7.否定的祈使句用willyou或canyouDontmakeanoise,will/canyou?8.Letme用willyou或mayILetmehelpyou,mayI?Letmedoit,willyou?9.Lets表示建议包括听话人在内，用shallweLetsgoforawalk