笔记本不能开机,开不了机的原因和解决思路.docx

笔记本不能开机是笔记本电脑维修中维修量最大的一种故障，一般人们对于“笔记本开机没反应”、“笔记本开不了机”都会统称为不开机。Laptop does not boot is a fault repair of notebook computer repair in the largest, the general people to notebook / boot no response, the notebook can not open the machine will be referred to as not boot.我们在维修中对不能开机有两种定义：开机无显和不加电。开机无显就是开机黑屏，电源指示灯亮，在笔记本开机黑屏一文中有详细说明。唯佳在本文中主要针对“不加电”这一故障做详细分析。We in the repair of not boot with two definitions: boot no display and no power. Boot no display is a black boot, power / indicator light, are detailed in the black screen the notebook boot. Only good in this paper mainly for the no power this fault for a detailed analysis.不加电的故障表现是：笔记本开不了机，就是按开关键后指示灯不亮，风扇也不转动，电脑没有一点反应。这种故障一般都是比较严重的的，常见于主板故障，主要部件损坏，机器进液等。下面就逐一说明：Fault performance without electricity is: notebook can not open the machine, just press the key indicator light does / not shine, the fan does not turn, computer no reaction. This fault is generally more serious, common in the motherboard failure, main components, machine into liquid etc. Below illustrate:一：电源适配器损坏A: power adaptor damage之所以把它列在第一位，是由于这种故障是笔记本不能开机中最容易解决的，不过在实际的维修中所占比例很小。有条件的话可用万用表直接测量一下电源有无有效电压输出。Put it in the first place, is because of this fault is the laptop does not boot in the most easy to solve, but in the actual repair in the proportion of very small. Conditional word can be used multimeter directly measuring the power has no effective voltage output.小提示：如果出现电源适配器一插到笔记本上，电源适配器的指示灯立刻熄灭的情况时，一定要马上断开电源，这是主板上有严重短路，千万不要再试。在DELL笔记本维修中这种情况尤为常见。Tip: if the power adapter plug to laptop, indicating lamp power adapter immediately out of the situation, must immediately disconnect the power supply, it is seriously short circuit board, do not try. In the DELL notebook repair in this condition is very common.二：主板故障Two: motherboard failure主板故障是笔记本不能开机的主要原因。常由于笔记本进液，摔坏，和主板本身元件损坏等因素引起。Motherboard failure is the main reason for laptop does not boot. Often the notebook into liquid, broke, and the motherboard itself caused by the damage of components and other factors.在所有的笔记本故障中，不开机的修复是维修中花费时间最长的。常是一台笔记本电脑外表很新，等动手拆开才发现，主板严重进液或是已被别人修的乱七八糟，这种情况修复率往往很低。In the notebook fault all, repair is not boot is repair cost for the longest time. Often a laptop computer looks very new, etc. to open only to find, motherboard serious liquid inlet or others have been built at sixes and sevens, the repair rate is often very low.主板原因导致的笔记本开不了机（也就是不加电），在笔记本维修中又分为电路故障和BGA故障。Main causes of the notebook can not open the machine (that is, without electricity), in the notebook repair is divided into circuit fault and the BGA fault.1：电路故障1: the circuit fault除去人为的进液和短路以外，大部分笔记本不能开机故障都是保护隔离电路出现问题和开机电路及EC周边电路出现故障，有时电路被烧坏一大片，光是订购所需的芯片就得好几天。Except the liquid inlet and a short man, most laptop does not boot failure are protective isolation circuit failure problems and starting circuit and EC peripheral circuit, sometimes circuit burned a large, light is ordering the required chip better days.2：BGA故障2:BGA faultBGA故障引起的笔记本开不了机故障，在迅弛一代采用DBM做为南桥芯片的笔记本上极为常见的。经典的IBM笔记本R40、T40、R50系列都是维修间的常客。其后的FBM 南桥故障率少了许多，到了GBM时代又略有上升态势。由于BGA芯片的更换需要有专门的BGA返修台，做起来也是费时费力，而且芯片需要专门订购，所以是维修的综合成本也是最高的。BGA fault caused the notebook can not open the machine fault, in the Centrino generation using DBM as the south bridge chip notebook is very common. The classical IBM notebook R40, T40, R50 series are regulars between repair. FBM Southbridge fault subsequent rate much less, into the GBM era rise slightly situation. Due to the replacement of BGA chip need to have BGA rework station special, it is time-consuming and laborious, but the chip needs specially ordered, and so is the cost of repair is the highest.小提示：在我们的实际维修中，笔记本不能开机故障的修复需要维修工程师有丰富的电路知识和维修经验。如果您的笔记本出现了上述故障，最好找一家有实力的维修中心送修，以免人为损坏，扩大故障。Tip: before the actual repair our, notebook repair can not boot failure to repa