空气污染-水污染-大气污染的介绍(英文).ppt

OurCountry sEnvironmentalProblems Word Ecologicalenvironment生态环境Desertification荒漠化Salinization盐碱化Offscum废渣Mining采矿业Biologicalchain生物链Biodiversity生物多样性Wastewater污水WorldHealthOrganization世界卫生组织undergroundwater地下水 drinkingwater饮用水Waterbody水体Contaminate污染Rhine莱茵河Greenhouseeffect温室效应Groundlevelozone地面臭氧particulatematter微粒物质biologicalmaterials生物材料respiratorydisease呼吸疾病stationarysources固定污染源 Focal焦点的Quota定额Coordinate使协调Emission发射Afforestation造林Adsorption吸附Photosynthesis光合作用Phosphorus磷Filtration过滤Biodegradable能被细菌分解的Trash垃圾Consumption消耗Rectification改正 globalwarming全球变暖gaseoussystem气态系统ozonedepletion臭氧枯竭Ecosystem生态系统Pollutants污染物photochemicalsmog光化雾Countermeasure措施Propaganda宣传Ascendant优势Detergent洗涤剂Evaporative蒸发的 word WastePollution WATERPOLLUTION Thefourbasicnaturalresourcesarewater air landandenergy Weneedwaterformultipleusesandacertainqualityisrequired Itsuseleadstothegenerationofwastewaterthatcancauseanimpactontheenvironment 水 空气 土地和能源是四个基本的自然资源 水的用途多种多样 而且要求其达到一定的标准 但是 由于人类使用而产生的污水造成了对环境的影响 Waterpollutionoccurswhenabodyofwaterisadverselyaffectedduetotheadditionoflargeamountsofmaterialstothewater 水污染是水体中添加大量其他物质而造成的负面影响 Drought Pollution Approximately300millionnationwidehavenoaccesstocleanwater Furthermore over700millionChinesedrinkfetidwaterbelowWorldHealthOrganizationstandards Almost90 ofundergroundwaterincitiesisaffectedbypollutionand80 ofChina sriversfailtomeetstandardsforfishing Almostallofthenation sriversareconsideredpollutedtosomedegreeandhalfofthepopulationlacksaccesstocleandrinkingwater Ninetypercentofurbanwaterbodiesareseverelypolluted 全国约有3亿人使用不上干净的水 此外 有超过7亿中国人饮用的水没能达到世界卫生组织的标准 几乎90 的城市地下水受到污染 80 的中国河流不符合捕鱼标准 某种程度上说 几乎所有的河流都受到某种程度的污染 一半的人口缺少干净的饮用水 90 的城市水体受到严重污染 ShuiYuBingevents水俣病事件 1953 1956 Japanbonepaindiseaseevents骨痛病事件 1955 1963 JapanpoisonoussubstancescontaminatetheRhineevents剧毒物质污染莱茵河事件1986Switzerland Germany France Thefamouswaterpollutionincidents AirPollution Pollutants Pollutantscanbeclassifiedaseitherprimaryorsecondary Primarypollutants emittedfromaprocess suchas ashfromavolcaniceruption thecarbonmonoxidegasfromamotorvehicleexhaust sulfurdioxidereleasedfromfactories Secondarypollutants notemitteddirectly theyareproducedwhenprimarypollutantsreactorinteract Animportantexampleofasecondarypollutantsisgroundlevelozone itisoneofthemanysecondarypollutantsthatmakeupphotochemicalsmog Majorpollutantsproducedbyhumanactivityinclude sulfurdioxide fromburningofcoalandoil nitrogendioxide fromhightemperaturecombustion Carbonmonoxide incompletecombustionoffuelsuchasnaturalgas coalorwood Vehicularexhaustisamajorsource Carbondioxide agreenhousegasemittedfromcombustion Chlorofluorocarbons含氟氯烃 harmfultotheozonelayeremittedfromproductsbannedfromuse Particulatematter producedbygaseousprimarypollutantsandcompoundsinphotochemicalsmog Indoorairpollution Airpollutioncontainedindoorairpollution chemicalsources physicalsourcesandBiologicalsources Decorativematerialpollution formaldehyde甲醛ammonia氨气 Countermeasures GarbagePollution Changethewayofproduction Stepuppublicityeffortstopromotegreenconsumption Toencouragegarbagecollectiontothedevelopmentofindustryandlegalization Carryoutthechargingpolicy cleanandgreen toxicandhazardoussubstances wasterecycling Mediaandpublicize toreducewasteoutput greencertifiedproducts WaterPollution Protectthewatersourcearea Increasetheurbansewageandindustrialwastewatertreatmentefforts Strengthencitizens awarenessofprotectingtheenvironment Realizetherecyclingofthewastewateruse Reducewastewaterandpollutants Developregionalwaterpollutionpreventionandcontrolsystem Comprehensiveconsiderationofthewaterresourcesplanning wateruse theeconomicinvestmentandnaturalpurificationability AirPollution Takeallkindsofmeasurestoreducepollutants overallplanning rationaldistribution energystructure raiserate districtheatingandcentralheating affores