21世纪大学英语2教案.doc

21st Century, Book 2, Unit 2 HLJ Institute of Science and TechnologyUnit ThreeObjectives1. Let the students get the main idea of and be familiar with the materials about ones personal experience and cultural differences between the East and the West. 2. Introduce to the students some fast reading skills. 3. Enable the students to make sentences with the key words and phrases they learnt in the text.Prerequisites 1.Students should read Text A for the main idea before they come to the class sessions. 2.Some type of audio player should be finished in class, at least for the first period of instruction. 3.Tapes of the listening material should be available during class hours.4.Text B should be used for class reading activities. Students should not read Text B before they come to class.Proposed Unit Duration6 class hours (50 minutes each)Suggested Time PartSectionPart IPart IIPart IIIText A(200 min.)Warm-up activities(20 min.)Text instruction(120 min.)Exercises(60min.)Pre-readingquestionsBackgroundinformationTextanalysisLanguagepointsReading &writing skillsExercisesText B(50 min.)Text instruction(40 min.)Reading-skills(10 min.)AssignmentsTextanalysisLanguagepointsText CSelf-studySelf-studySelf-studyListening(50 min.)In-class listeningAssignmentsDesigner: 李英波I. Pre-reading Activity1. Warm-up activity：1) Morning report 2) Warm-up 1. Have you got any experience of getting along with foreigners?2. Do you think the differences between different cultures are hard to compromise?3. Do you think language and culture are closely related?When a group of human beings work together, what does it take to make the cooperation go smoothly, effectively and productively? This question is one that every business manager faces. Good training, good conditions, a pleasant atmosphere, a common aim all of these factors play a part, but the richness of human psychology makes management a subtle and demanding art. And when businesses go international, there are even more complexities to cope with. In the last unit, we looked at how cultural differences affect education. But what goes on after school? What happens at work in a world thats rapidly becoming a “global village”? The three texts youre going to read in this unit explore some of the fascinating complications of international management.3) Lead-in 2、listening：I Pre-reading Activity Directions: Listen to the following sentences and try to fill the missing words in the blanks. Jack is interested in a job as an （1） manager located in （2） . His qualifications include （3） years of experience knowing how to use （4） . He believes that people are （5） .1、答案 （1）office （2）Tokyo （3）four （4）chopsticks （5） the same2、语言点精讲（1）located in 位于, 座落于（2）qualification （usually pl.）（通过经验或具备技能而取得的）资格；资历；（通过考试或学习课程取得的）资格；学历（3）第三个空格根据years推测，应该填入一个表示数字、多少的词汇。（4）same 副词，表示“同样，类似”，通常前面加定冠词the。3、译文 杰克对于东京的办公室经理这个职位很感兴趣。 他的经历里还含有用四年的时间学习如何使用筷子。 他认为人都是一样的。II. Background Information （1）Joint Venture合资企业A joint venture is a business arrangement in which two or more parties undertake a specific economic activity together. A joint venture can turn under-utilized resources into profit, help enter new markets quicker and at less cost than trying it alone.Joint ventures are a popular method of expanding business. The parties to the venture shall share the profit, risks and losses in proportion to the respective contribution to the registered capital.合资企业就是由投资双方或若干方对某向经济活动进行共同管理、控制的一种经营模式。较之独资企业，合资企业能够使未得到充分利用的资源产出更大的利益，能够以更快的速度、更低的投入打入市场。合资企业是很受青睐的一种扩大经营的方式。投资方根据各自的投资比例来共享利润，共担风险及亏损。（2）Japanese Tatami Mat榻榻米席子Tatami is a rectangular mat used as a floor covering in Japanese houses. It consists of a thick straw base and a soft, finely woven rush cover with cloth borders. A tatami measures approximately 6 by 3 feet (180 by 90 cm) and is about 2 inches (5 cm) thick.榻榻米是日本人在房屋使用的矩形垫子，用来作为地板铺在地上。垫子由厚厚的稻草和软软的优质羊毛和布做成。一个榻榻米大约长180厘米，宽90厘米，厚5厘米。从远古时代起，地板就成为日本建筑物中用来休息和睡觉的地方。为了保护榻榻米，在门厅中放有拖鞋。一个房屋中需要多少榻榻米要看屋子的大小而定。 1. Structure Analysis:This passage is an expository writing which explains the importance of a cultural translator in the international economic activities. To illustrate it, the author comes up with an example an American engineer, Georges personal experience working in Japan, who eventually acts as a go-between for making different cultures and different thought styles by two sides of the joint venture. Structure : Part1(1): Introduction：argument（In joint ventures, without a cultural translator, cultural differences will lead to cultural conflicts.）Part2(2-5) : Georges love affair with Japanese culturePart3(6-11): Georges reinvention as a cultural translator Part4(12): A conclusion: The first thing joint ventures need is a cultural translator2. comprehension questions 1. Why was George chosen to train the Japanese employees?Because he understood the technology very well2. How did it happen that he invented himself as a cultural translator? His knowledge of technology was no longer needed. 3. What is the most important thing that a cultural translator should have? Good understanding of both cultures. 3.Vocabulary:（1）qualify v.使某人具有资格，给某人某种资格；具有或给予合法权利例句 The training course qualifies you to be a driving instruction. 参加了训练课程就有资格成为驾驶教练。Eighteen-year-olds qualify to vote. 年满十八岁者有选举权。The teams recent wins have now qualified them for the semi-finals. 该队最近取得的胜利使他们有资格参加半决赛。扩展qualified a.有资格的，合格的 qualifier n.竞赛中进入下一轮的合格者 qualification n. 资格，资历 搭配 qualify sb. for sth. 使某人具有资格（2）conflict n.斗争，战斗；（比喻用法）冲突，争执，论战；（意见、欲望等）不合，分歧，抵触例句 There was a long and bitter conflict between employers and workers. 劳资双方有着旷日持久的激烈争执。Your statement is in conflict with the rest of the evidence. 你的陈述同其余证据有矛盾。If the world is to remain peaceful the utmost effort must be made by nations to limit local conflicts. 要想让世界保持安宁，各国必须尽最大努力减少地区冲突。搭配 in conflict with 与有冲突辨析 conflict意为“冲突；战争”，尤指“长期处于战争状态的冲突”。contradiction 意为“矛盾，抵触”。 collision 原意为“（车、船等）碰撞”，引申为“（利益、意见等）冲突”。（3）represent v.代表，象征；体现，作为的典型；作为某人的代表；陈述例句 The rose represents England. 玫瑰花是英格兰的象征。This quartet represents a major new trend in modern music. 这首四重奏的曲子反映了现代音乐中的一种主要的新潮流。Our firm is represented in India by Mr. Hall. 我公司驻印度代表是霍尔先生。They represented their grievances to the Governor. 他们向总督申述冤情。扩展 representation n.表现，代表，代理 representative n.典型，有代表性的人或物 a. 有代表性的，典型（4）apparent a.清楚易见或易懂；表面上的，假的例句 It became apparent that she was going to die. 很明显她快要死了。Her apparent indifference made him even more nervous. 她表面上若无其事反而使他更加紧张。For all his apparent wealth, Pat had no money to pay the rent. 尽管帕特貌似富有，但他没有钱付租金。搭配 apparent absolute error直观绝对误差 apparent altitude视高度（5）propose v.提议，建议；打算，计划；（向某人正式）求婚例句 I proposed to make an early start tomorrow. 我打算明天早早出发。He was trying to decide whether he should propose to her. 他反复思量是否该向她求婚。 The committee proposed that new legislation be drafted. 委员会建议着手起草新法规。扩展 proposal n.提议，建议 proposition n.主张, 建议, 陈述, 命题 propositional a.建议的, 提议的 proposer n. 申请人, 提案人（6）justify v.表明或证明（某人/某事）是正当的、有理的或公正的，辩解；为的正当理由例句 Such action can be justified on the grounds of greater efficiency. 以提高功效为依据可以证明采取这种措施是正确的。The fine quality of the cloth justifies its high price. 这块布料质量好、价格贵是合理的。扩展 justification n.认为有理, 认为正当, 理由, 辩护, 释罪 justifier n.辩护者, 辩解者 justifiable a. 有理由的 justifiability n. 合理, 可辩解 justificatory adj. 起辩护作用的,用以辩解的搭配 justify sth. to sb. 对作出解释，为辩解 justified price 合理价格 justified raise（商品价格的）合理上涨 The end justifies the means(saying) 只要目的正当，可以不择手段。（7）sensible a.（褒）识别力强的；合理的；（指衣着等）实用而不时髦的；（作表语）觉察到某事物例句 It was sensible of you to lock the door. 你把门锁上，做得对。You should wear sensible shoes for long walks. 你应为走长路而穿舒适的鞋。Are you sensible of the dangers of your position? 你觉查出你出镜中的危险吗？扩展sense n.官能, 感觉, 判断力, 见识, .感, 意义, 理性 vt. 感到, 理解, 认识 sensitive a.敏感的, 灵敏的, 感光的辨析：sensible 指通情达理的，合乎情理的，多为褒义词。 sensitive 指物易受影响的，敏感的，或指人易生气的；感情容易冲动的；神经质的。（8）approve v.赞成，认可，满意，同意；批准（某事物），通过例句 She doesnt want to take her new boy-friend home in case her parents dont approve. 她不愿把新男朋友带回家，怕父母看不中他。The auditors approved the companys accounts. 审计员核准了公司的账目。I approve of your trying to earn some money, but please dont neglect your studies. 我同意你去挣一些钱，可是请不要误了功课。扩展 approval n.赞成，认可 approving a.赞成的 approvingly ad.赞同地搭配 approve of sth. 赞成某事 approve of sb. 满意某人3、课文长、难句子分析（1）Joint ventures involving Western and Japanese companies often run into conflictsa multitude of little things that escalate into big emotional battles译文：西方和日本公司的合资企业经常会发生冲突-许多无关紧要的琐事会扩大为情绪激动的交战解析： a multitude/multitudes of sb./sth. 多数，大批（尤指在一处集结或移动的人群）。例如：Vast multitudes of birds visit this lake in spring. 春天有大批的鸟飞临此湖。 escalate vi./vt. （使某事物）逐步增长或发展；（使某事物）更紧张。例如：The Government is deliberately escalating the war for political reasons. 政府出于政治目的蓄意使战争逐步升级。（2）Georges solid understanding of the equipment, its installation and use made him the best-qualified employee for the job. 译文：乔治对设备、其安装及使用有着透彻的了解，这使他成为最胜任这项工作的雇员。解析：solid a. 牢靠的；有信誉的，可靠的。例如：solid argument 有说服力的论点；a solid business firm 实力雄厚的公司； a woman of solid character 为人可靠的女子（3） Japanese managers often distrust anyone sent to represent U.S. owners.译文：日方经理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方业主的人。解析：sent to represent U.S. owners 为过去分词短语作anyone的后置定语。（4）and they got into the habit of turning to him whenever they had a problemany problem.译文：他们已养成了一有问题就找他帮忙的习惯。解析：get into the habit of doing sth. 养成的习惯。例如：My son has got into the habit of switching on the TV as soon as he gets home. 我儿子养成了一放学回家就打开电视的习惯。 habit 构成的其他词组有：fall/get out of the habit of doing sth.去掉做某事的习惯。 turn to sb./sth. 向某人（某事物）寻求帮助、指导等。例如：She had nobody she can turn to. 她求助无门。（5）Was there nothing more he could offer to the now-mature joint venture he had served so loyally?译文：难道他对这个他曾忠实服务过的、现已成熟的合资企业再也没什么东西可以贡献的了吗？解析：he could offer 是定语从句，修饰nothing more；定语从句he had served so loyally 修饰joint venture。（6）Or there was the time when the Japanese personnel manager had to justify keeping a chemist on the payroll even though the company no longer needed his expertise. 译文：或当日方人事经理不得不说明，即使公司不再需要一个化学专家的专业知识却仍要继续聘用他的理由时也是如此。解析：时间副词when引导定语从句，用于time, day, month之后，起到限定修饰的作用。There is/was the time when 有时候 例如：There are times when I wonder why I do this job. 有时候我不明白我为什么要做这个工作。（7）Somehow or other, he made their messages sound at least halfway sensible to Americans.译文：他用各种办法使他们的电文让美国人听上去至少有些道理。解析：halfway a. 有点儿，不彻底的。例如：take halfway measure 不采取彻底的方法 somehow 以某种方式或方法。例如：We must stop him from seeing her somehow. 我们得想个办法不能让他再跟她来往。（8）Whole multitudes of difficulties never arose thanks to Georges skill at smoothing over small conflicts before they became big, emotional and costly.译文：多亏了乔治有办法在小冲突被激化、情绪化、造成重大损失之前就将其化解，公司从未出现过大堆的麻烦。解析：thanks to 由于，因为，多亏。例如：The play succeeded thanks to fine acting by all the cast. 由于全体演员的出色表演，那出戏才能获得成功。 smooth over 缓和；调解，斡旋。例如：She spoke to both sides in the dispute in an attempt to smooth things over. 她和争执双方谈话，试图进行调解。4、精彩语句及表达（1）solid understanding of sth. 对有着透彻了解（2）naturally nonassertive 生性随和（3）Georges love affair with Japanese culture continued. 乔治与日本文化的情缘在继续着。（4）It worked the other way around, too. 反之亦然。IV. Exercises1. Keys to Exercise III （1）surpassed 译文：我们希望艾伦能考得好，但是她连续得到几个A，出乎我们的意料。（2）approved 译文：你做出了明智的决定，我完全赞同。（3）ensure 译文：他们提前三小时来到运动场以保证能占到好的位子。（4）thriving 译文：目前这家公司繁荣兴旺起来，完全归功于其科学的管理和超凡的技术。（5）escalated 译文：领导之间的不和迅速升级成争吵，会议变得更令人激动了，这是谁也没有预料（6）qualified 译文：作为学校教师队伍中的一个资历较浅的成员，珍妮感觉自己没有资格和校长讨论这个问题。（7）represent 译文: 这个20岁的羽毛球队员的梦想就是在下一届奥运会上代表中国参赛。（8）apparent 译文：老化学家的技巧现在已经不需要了，这是显而易见的事情。（9）justify 译文：当世界上还有那么多饥饿的孩子时，我不理解你怎么能证明把钱花费在空间探险上是正当的事情。（10）conflicts 译文：如果你能持开放的观点，那么，许多由于文化的不同而引起的冲突就能够避免。2. Keys to Exercise IV （1）go along with 译文：如果你认为那是荒唐的，你就可以不附和他的计划。（2）from the farmers viewpoint 译文：哦，别再抱怨下雨了！以农民的观点来看这还是有益的。（3）multitudes of 译文：这位67岁的加拿大作家以他的关于奥妙的传说取悦了很多的读者。（4）run into 译文：另一个自动化制造行业的合资企业遇到了资金问题。（5）come to an end 译文：对于莎莉来说，这个美妙的音乐晚会和舞会结束得太快了。（6）picked up 译文：罗斯玛丽很快学会了汉语基础知识，因为她一有机会就使用它。（7）At times 译文：我有时不知道该怎样控制自己的脾气，几乎不知道我在说什么和做什么。（8）gotten into the habit of 译文：他一旦养成使用筷子的习惯，他宁愿用筷子也不愿意使用刀叉。（9）smooth over 译文：见到她在简短的问候之后就没有什么可说的了，我尽力来掩饰这次初次会面的尴尬。（10）the other way around 译文：我以为这个男人撒谎是为了保护他的妻子，但是，事实上正好相反。3. Keys to Exercise V （1）due to 译文：这个重大的感情冲突主要是由于文化的差异造成的。（2）thanks to 译文：一个我曾经工作过的公司就完全避免了这个问题，这多亏了其中一个雇员的感悟力。（3）Due to 译文：由于我们无法控制局面，在整个8月份商店都要关门歇业。（4）Thanks to译文：多亏了所有参加人员的共同努力和好意，圣诞晚会非常成功。（5）due to 译文：由于大雾，所有的航班都推迟了。（6）Thanks to 译文：由于公众的大力捐助，地震的受害者才能够在两个月内重建自己的家园。4. Keys to Exercise VI interchangeable: 可交换的，可替换的 interface: 分界面，接触面intercontinental: 大陆间的，洲际的 intersection: 横断，十字路口interdisciplinary: （研究等）各学科间合作的，跨越多种领域的interview: （名词/动词）接见，访问，面试，会见，采访（1）intercontinental 译文：喷气式飞机的发明给大洲间的航空旅行带来了革命。（2）interface 译文：两个新系统各自都运行良好，但当我们试图把他们衔接在一起时，在结合部位遇到了一些问题。（3）intersection译文：这个博物馆坐落在两个城市最美丽街道的交叉点上。（4）interchangeable译文：“孩子”和“子孙”是不能互换的词语，虽然他们有相似的意思，但是他们各自用在不同的上下文中。（5）interview译文：我认为这个工作的面试进行得非常顺利，所以，当他们告诉我不是这个职位的合适人选时，我非常吃惊。（6）interdisciplinary译文：库伯教授讲授研究心理学、哲学和语言学的跨学科课程。5. Keys to Exercise VII （1）Almost everyone would like to have more money for nonessential goods and services just because they make life a little more pleasant.译文：几乎每个人都想有更多的钱花在非必须商品和服务上，只因为它们能使生活更快乐些。（2）Mr. Peterson is the chairman of a nonprofit charity organization.译文：彼得森先生是一个非盈利慈善组织的主席。（3）Hostility towards outsiders is characteristic of both humans and non-humans.译文：不管是人还是动物都具有敌视外来者的特性、（4）Although Im a nonsmoker, I dont support discrimination against smokers.译文：尽管我不吸烟，但我不赞成歧视吸烟者。（5）It would be nonsense to say that all Asian societies are the same.译文：说所有亚洲社会都是相同的那是胡说。（6）Theres a difference between using words in a nonstandard way and using them incorrectly.译文：词语使用不标准和词语使用错误不同。6. Keys to Exercise VIII （1）Among (prep. 在之中) （2）conflicts (n. 争论；冲突) （3）made (make decisions作出决定) （4）understanding (n. 理解、领会)（5）Since (conj. 因为) （6）conscious of (对了解的，意识到的)（7）So (conj. 因而) （8）run into (遇到) （9） with (be impatient with 对不耐烦) （10）crazy (a. 荒唐的，发疯的) （11）that is (即；就是说) （12）since (conj. 由于)（13）Thats (that is的缩略形式) （14）escalating (escalating into 升级成为，扩大) （15）parties (团体；both parties 双方)7. Keys to Exercise IX 从一开始，乔治就被所有的日本雇员欣然接受。日方经理通常不信任任何被派去代表美方业主的人，但乔治生性随和，没有人把他看作是对自己职业的一种威胁。所以他们喜欢就广泛的各类问题征求他的意见，包括大洋彼岸他们的合作伙伴的古怪行为。公司上下的工程师们都珍视乔治的专业知识和他友好而技能熟练的帮助，他们已养成了一有问题-任何问题，就找他帮忙的习惯。办公室里的秘书们都热衷于帮助这个讨人喜欢的单身汉学习日语。8. Keys to Exercise X （1）When this temporary job came to an end, George was offered a permanent job, which he accepted at once.（2）To ensure that their joint venture in Japan are profitable, the American companies need cultural translator even more than language translator.（3）As a cultural translator, George was eager to help the Japanese employees who came to ask his advice on a great many matters, both within and outside of his field of expertise.（4）Somehow or other, George persuaded the American manager to go along with the Japanese accountants decision, thus smoothing over the conflict between the two.（5）Conflicts and arguments do arise at times between the American managers and their Japanese counterparts. But since both parties have the good sense to compromise, these conflicts are prevented from escalating into big emotional battles.（6）All the Japanese employees, the personnel manager included, appreciated Georges frequent help with the multitude of problems they ran into.（7） My spoken Japanese is not good enough to express myself well. Please dont get offended if I sometimes say stupid things.（8）With a solid understanding of traditional Chinese medicine and a good mastery of English, Dr. Zhang is highly qualified to train foreign doctors who have come to China to study Chinese medicine.V. Text B A Multicultural Person1. Pre-reading Activity: Understanding Idiomatic ExpressionsThe meaning of idiomatic expressions can be very hard to guess. Word formation clues dont always help, and can even mislead us entirely! But effective readers dont give up on the first try. They keep reading, in search of context clues examples, explanations, contrasts or parallel phrases that can help them figure out the meaning of idiomatic expressions.2、Background 1、背景知识介绍（1）Gunnar Beeth 古纳毕斯Gunnar Beeth had a management career from 1956 to 1973 in multinational corporations in the USA, Latin America and worldwide. He was former president of his own Brussels-based headhunting and management consulting firm IMACONSULT, which worked throughout Europe from 1973 to 2002.古纳毕斯自1956年至1973年在美国、拉丁美洲等世界各国的跨国公司从事管理工作。他曾任IMACONSULT猎奇与管理顾问公司的前任董事长，该公司是他自己创立的，总部在布鲁塞尔，自1973至2002年其经营业务遍及整个欧洲。（2）Brussels 布鲁塞尔 Brussels is the capital of Belgium and is considered by many to be the headquarters of the European Union, as two of its three main institutions have their headquarters in the city. 布鲁塞尔是比利时的首都，许多人都认为它是欧盟的总部，因为欧盟共有三个主要机构，其中两个的总部都在这座城市。2、课文词汇精讲（1）arrogant a.傲慢的，自大的例句Its arrogant of you to assume youll win every time. 你自以为每次都能赢，未免太自大了。It is your arrogant insistence that compelled me to do as you asked. 是你傲慢地坚持己见使我不得不按你的要求做。扩展 arrogance n.傲慢 arrogantly ad.傲慢地（2）convince v.使某人确信，使某人明白；说服例句How can I convince you of her honesty? 我怎样才能使你相信她的诚实呢？What she said convinced me th