2020年中考英语热点专题突破训练四任务型阅读之综合任务.docx

热点04 任务型阅读之综合任务【命题趋势】为了弥补阅读理解客观题(判断是非题与单项选择题)一统天下、考生容易猜测的局面，近年来各地中考英语阅读理解部分都引入了属于主观题性质的任务型阅读，要求考生或填写表格(一般限定词数)，或回答问题。这类试题的难度最大，考生如果不能真正读懂并理解文章，就无法下笔。 值得一提的是，近年来任务型阅读的主观题在各地中考英语试题中所占的比例越来越大，有的地方试题甚至采用两篇，既要求考生根据文章填写表格，又要求考生在阅读文章后回答问题，但是，综观任何一组中考英语阅读理解试题，试题的难易度分布非常有序。【满分技巧】此类任务型阅读是各种题型的综合，可以给出不同的任务让学生逐一完成。一般是在问题设计上兼顾了多种类型，既有根据短文设计的问答题和相应的翻译题、句型转换等，又有根据内容完成句子，完成这一题型应非常细致，应认真地到原材料中收集有用的信息，并且经过整理输出信息。在明白题意和文章的基础上仔细阅读后面的题目要求，根据实际情况去完成所要求的任务。具体答题策略如下：1.认真审题，读懂题意由于目要求形式多样，在同一篇阅读材料中会要求完成不同的任务，因此解题前要先明确任务，做到心中有数。2.快读阅读，掌握大意在做影时要快速扫视一下文章的大意，然后结合前面的题目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任务。3.细读题目，完成任务在明白题意和文章意思的基础上，仔细阅读后面的题目要求，在原文中找出问题题干所包括的部分，这样就可以快速准确地抓住有效信思，确保答题的准确性。如果是根据英文释义写单词的题，则一定要确保所填的单词来源于原文，切不可脱离原文，随意发挥。【热点话题】 阅读、一带一路、健康、垃圾分类等。【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A话题：一带一路难度：建议用时：6分阅读下面短文，将文中画线的句子译成汉语或英语。In April, the second Belt and Road Forum（论坛）for International Cooperation（合作）was held in Beijing. Heads of states from 37 foreign countries attended it. （1）The main goal of it is to make the countries work together in more areas. It has won the support of 152 countries and international groups. As a Chinese student,（2）你应该了解一些有关丝绸之路的事. （3）Long ago, traders brought treasures from the East to the West. Trips to the West became more favorable when traders found silks and spices（香料）. These treasures were not ordinary goods that were easy to get. （4）丝绸之路不是一条真正的路. It was a route（路线） between the East and the West. It went through China，Turkey and Greece. Some traders traveled over land and others sailed across the sea. There was danger along both routes. Over time, the Silk Road changed people in both the East and the West. Traders shared stories about faraway lands. They brought back drawings of the places and things they had seen, which helped people learn about new cultures. （5）Because of the Silk Road, the world seemed much smaller. 1. _2. _3. _4. _5. _【答案与解析】（1）它主要的目的是让这些国家在更多领域更好地合作. 【解析】英文翻译中文题，根据原文，make the ccountries work together in more areas让这些国家在更多领域更好地合作。 the main goal of it它的主要目的，故得此答案。（2）You should know something about the Silk Road 【解析】中文翻译英文题，根据原文，了解know，一些关于丝绸之路的事，something about the Silk Road故得此答案。（3）很久以前，商人把财宝从东方带去了西方。 【解析】英文翻译中文题，根据原文，long ago很久以前，brought treasures from the East to the West. 把财宝从东方带去了西方。故得此答案。 （4）The Silk Road is not a real road. 【解析】中文翻译英文题，根据原文，丝绸之路The Silk Road，不是一条真正的路 is not a real road，一般现在时。故得此答案。（5）因为丝绸之路，世界看起来要小得多。 【解析】英文翻译中文题，根据原文，because of 因为，seemed much smaller看起来要小得多。故得此答案。B（2019 湖南省邵阳市）话题：阅读难度：建议用时：7分My work allows me to live in different countries. Reading books helps me to connect with my friends, family and my home country, the UK. Here are some books that I read a lot. Daddy Long Legs This book is about the story of a young girl, Judy, who goes to university and gets lots of new experiences. This book always makes me think of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed. Harry Potter Im sure many of you know Harry Potter books! I have read them many times since primary school. I really get lost in the stories. These days Im reading them again in Germany. The Railway Children这是我最喜爱的书之一。 It was a gift for my 13th birthday from my best friend, so it still strongly makes me think of my childhood. It is about three children and their adventures(冒险经历) next to a railway.1. 从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相同的句子。I can live in different countries because of my work. _2. 回答问题: When did the writers mother read the book to him? _3. 将文中划线的英语句子译成汉语。_4. 将文中划线的汉语句子译成英语。_5. 回答问题: What does the underlined word “It” in the last sentence refer to(指的是)? _【答案与解析】【文章大意】作者生活在国外，阅读书籍有助于与朋友、家人以及他的祖国建立联系。短文介绍了自己经常阅读的三本书：长腿叔叔、哈利波特和铁路少年。1. My work allows me to live in different countries. 【解析】句意：由于我的工作，我可以住在不同的国家。文中句子“My work allows me to live in different countries.”的意思是“我的工作允许我能够生活在不同的国家。”两个句子意思相同。故答案为My work allows me to live in different countries。2. When the writer/he was ill in bed. 【解析】问题：作家的妈妈什么时候给他读这本书的？根据文中句子“This book always makes me think of my mother because she used to read it to me when I was ill in bed.”可知，每当作者卧病在床时的时候，妈妈给他读这本书，故答案为When the writer/he was ill in bed。3. 自从上小学以来我已经把这些书读过许多遍了。 【解析】many times许多次；since primary school自上小学以来；them指代哈利波特系列书。故答案为：自从上小学以来我已经把这些书读过许多遍了。4. This is one of my favorite books. 【解析】This is这是；one of+可数名词的复数形式，意为“之一”；favorite books最喜欢的书。故答案为This is one of my favorite books。5. The Railway Children. 【解析】问题：最后一句中带下划线的“it”是指什么？根据文中句子It is about three children and their adventures(冒险经历)next to a railway. 它是关于三个孩子和他们铁路旁边的冒险经历。这句话是介绍The Railway Children这本书的主要内容，故It指代The Railway Children这本书。C（2019 黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市）话题：垃圾分类难度：建议用时：7分I am a plastic bottle, a week ago. I was on a supermarket shelf. I had a normal life, the same as all my brothers and sisters-other bottles full (A) water. I felt really happy.Then a tall woman picked me up and put me in her basket! The woman took me home and put me in the fridge. I felt cold, but I soon made friends with the cans and bottles in it. However, only a few hours later, she took me out of the fridge and drank the water inside me. Then she threw me into a dustbin. (C) I felt very lonely.Early the next morning, a man took me out of a dustbin. He threw me and the other rubbish into the back of a truck. There were so many terrible smells. Then I was pushed together with the rest of the rubbish. Soon I was completely flat(压扁). I couldnt believe how thin I became.I slept for a while. When I woke up, I found (B) in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had terrible smells. I felt afraid. I kept expecting that I would be moved somewhere else. Then huge trucks came and covered (D) us with a layer(层) of soil.I asked another bottle what would happen to us. He said that we would never leave this terrible crowded place, but would have to stay here for thousands of years.“Why cant they reuse us?” I cried.阅读短文，根据题目要求完成下列任务。1. 根据句意提示，在文中(A)、(B)两处各填上一个适当的词。_ _2. 将文中(C)处画线部分改为感叹句。_3. 根据首字母，在文中找出一个与英语释义相匹配的单词。b_: feel certain that something is true or that somebody is telling you the truth4. 在文中找出(D)处划线单词us所指代的内容。_5. 在文中找出两个能够修饰塑料瓶周围环境的形容词。_ _【答案与解析】【文章大意】这篇短文主要讲述了一个塑料瓶从超市到家里的冰箱再到垃圾堆里的心理反应。1. (1). of (2). myself 【解析】the same as all my brothers and sisters-other bottles full (A) water.意思是“和我所有的兄弟姐妹一样，其他的瓶子都装满了水。”短语be full of表示装满；A用of；When I woke up, I found (B in a terrible place.意思是“当我醒来时候，我发现我自己在一个可怕的地方”，这里是说我自己用myself。B处应填myself。根据题意，故填of ； myself。2. How lonely I felt! 【解析】I felt very lonely.意思是“我感到非常的孤独”这里是变成感叹句，感叹形容词用how来感叹，其结构是How+形容词+主语+谓语。根据题意，故填How lonely I felt!3. believe 【解析】feel certain that something is true or that somebody is telling you the truth意思是“确信某件事是真的，或者有人告诉你真相。”相当于文中 I couldnt believe how thin I became.中的believe，意思是“相信”，根据题意，故填believe。4. me and the other rubbish/ me and the rest of the rubbish/me and everything around me 【解析】Then huge trucks came and covered (D) us with a layer (层) of soil.意思是“然后，巨大的卡车来了，给我们盖上了一层土。”这里的us指的是“我和周围的那些垃圾”。故填me and the other rubbish/ me and the rest of the rubbish/me and everything around me。5. (1). ugly (2). terrible 【解析】根据文中When I woke up, I found (B in a terrible place. Everything around me was ugly and had terrible smells.可知，周围的环境是“丑陋的”“糟糕地”。ugly 丑陋的 ；. Terrible糟糕的。故填ugly；terrible。D（2019 海南省）话题：健康难度：建议用时：10分We usually go to see a doctor when we are ill. Doctors may give us some medicine, and the medicine often makes us feel better. But sometimes the doctors medicine doesnt work. This happened to one man, Thomas Smith. He was ill in hospital, but he wasnt getting well. Then he found a new doctor inside himself. He saw funny films. He read funny books. And something wonderful happened. Laughing took away his pain after half a year. He could have a good nights rest. His own happy feeling helped him get well again. He wrote his story in his book. He said laughing was very useful. It was the best medicine. Another man, Simon Beck, was also ill, and he had a serious pain in his back. The doctor couldnt stop it, so the man began to picture his pain. In his head he drew a picture of a dog. He imagined it to be a real dog. And it was hurting him. Then the man talked softly to the dog. He put his hand on the dogs head and made friends with it. One year later, his pain went away!These stories may surprise you, but more and more people are getting well in this way. So call on the doctor inside your mind, and keep happy and well!1. Where was Thomas smiths new doctor?（根据短文内容回答问题） _2. What did Simon Beck begin to do when the doctor couldnt stop his pain?（根据短文内容回答问题） _3. Who spent less time taking away the pain, Thomas Smith or Simon Beck?（根据短文内容回答问题） _4. In the passage the underlined word It refers to（a）_. 5. The topic sentence（主题句）in this passage is _. 【答案与解析