英语修辞学(5 修辞手段)ppt课件

修辞手段 2 对衬 对偶 antithesis Toerrishuman toforgivedivine AlexanderPope Deedsshowwhatweare wordswhatweshouldbe Rememberwhatshouldberemembered andforgetwhatshouldbeforgotten Alterwhatischangeable andacceptwhatismutable 5 1 2结构的修辞布局 SchemesofStructure 5 1 2 2不寻常或倒置词序的布局1 词语倒装法 Anastrophe Longtimethemanxomefoehesought SorestedhebytheTumtumtree LewisCarroll Timepresentandtimepast T S Eliot 2 插说 Parenthesis It sagreatmistake Ithink nottoaccepttheirpro posal Theoldman itissaid wasanartistbutpeoplehardlyknowanythingaboutthissideofhislife Thisman asyouknow isgoodfornothing 3 同位 Apposition Theonlywaythattheycanpreservetheirhistoryistorecountitassagas legendshandeddownfromonegenerationofstory tellerstoanother Noone notasingleperson saidit simportanttobeatleastaswealthyasthepeoplearoundyou andifyouhavemorethantheydoit srealsuccess 2 连词的省略 Asyndeton Thisisthevillainamongyouwhodeceivedyou whocheatedyou whomeanttobetrayyoucompletelyWeshallpayanyprice bearanyburden meetanyhardship supportanyfriend opposeanyfoetoassurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty 3 首语重复 Anaphora Welearnedto diagram sentenceswiththesolemnprecisionofscientistsarticulatingchemicalequations Welearnedtoreadbyreadingaloud andwelearnedtospellbyspellingaloud Itrainedonhislousytombstone anditrainedonthegrassonhisstomach Itrainedallovertheplace 4 尾词重复 Epistrophe Whereaffectionsbearrule theirreasonissubdued honestyissubdued goodwillissubdued andallthingselsethatwithstandevil foreveraresubdued ThomasWilson thisnation underGod shallhaveanewbirthoffreedom andthatgovernmentofthepeople bythepeople forthepeople shallnotperishfromtheearth AbrahamLincoln 5 首词在句尾重复 Epanalepsis Thekingisdead longlivetheking Severetohisservants tohischildrensevereBlowwindsandcrackyourcheeks Rage blow Nicetoseeyou toseeyou nice Belovedismine sheisBeloved 5 联珠 顶真 Anadiplosis Sunthroughthesea seaintheheart heartinitsnoust nothingislost Minebethylove andthylove susetheirtreasure Havingpowermakes totalitarianleadership isolated isolationbreedsinsecurity insecuritybreedssuspicionandfear suspicionandfearbreedviolence 6 层进法 层递 Climax Iamsorry Iamsosorry Iamsoextremelysorry Eyehadnotseen norearheard andnothinghadtouchedhisheartofstone Einsteinwasafairviolinist agreatmathematician andadeeplyphilosophicalman Icame Isaw Iconquered 8 对称 回环 倒复法 Antimetabole Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyou butwhatyoucandoforyourcountry ImeantwhatIsaidandIsaidwhatImeant Itisnoteventhebeginningoftheendbutisperhaps theendofthebeginning EastandWestdonotmistrusteachotherbecausewearearmed we rearmedbecausewemistrusteachother 10 对同词根词的重复 叠叙法 Polyptoton TheGreeksarestrong andskillfultotheirstrength Fiercetotheirskill andtotheirfiercenessvaliant Witheagerfeedingfooddothchokethefeeder Notasacalltobattle thoughembattledweare Thouartofblood joynottomakethingsbleed Absolutepowercorruptsabsolutely Whoshallwatchthewatchmenthemselves Diamondmenodiamonds prizemenoprizes 明喻 Simile like as2 隐喻 暗喻 Metaphor beBeautywithoutvirtueisarosewithoutfragrance Thepopulationmushroomedinthepostwardecades Iwasallsmiles lookingforwardtoapleasanthomeyevening Apolicemanwavedmeoutofthesnakeoftrafficandflaggedmetostop 3 提喻 Synecdoche partforthewholeorwholefortheparta 用种代表类 种的范畴大于类 vessel ship weapon sword creature man arms rifles vehicle bicycle flower roseb 用类代表种bread food cutthroat assassin steel metal c 用局部代表全部sail ship hands helpers roofs housesd 用全部代表局部China Chineseteam year springe 用原材料代表成品silver money canvas sail steel sword boards stage silk silkcoat 4 转喻 借喻 借代 Metonymy a 用容器代表容器里面的东西bottle wine wardrobe clothes town peopleinthetown chair chairmanb 用工具代表使用工具的人或工具的拥有者pen writer chalk teacher guns soldiers 4 转喻 借喻 借代 Metonymy c 用特征或特定环境代表具有该特征的或该环境下的人或物cradle childhood grave death crown king theCross theChristianreligiond 用抽象代具体或具体代抽象brain mind abeauty abeautifulwomanIhadthemuscle andtheymademoneyoutofit 5 词类替换 Antimeria 6 折绕迂说 Periphrasis TheSplendidSplinterhitwonmoreround trippers TheydonotescapeJimCrow theymerelyencounteranother notlessdeadlyvariety Disney sPollyannaislookingmorelikeanagingLolitanow butit sperfectlyallright 7 拟人格 Personification Heglancedatthedew coveredgrass anditwinkedbackathim Iwasveryhappyandcouldhearthebirdssinginginthewoods Thenightgentlylaysherhandatourfeveredheads 8 夸张 Hyperbole Ibegathousandpardons ILoveyou Youarethewholeworldtome andthemoonandthestars Whensheheardthebadnews ariveroftearspouredout Myleftlegweighsthreetons 10 反叙法 Litotes Heisnotabadplayer Oh youthinkyou resospecialbecauseyougettoplayPicturePagesupthere Well myfiveyearolddaughtercoulddothatandletmetellyou she snotthebrightestbulbinthetanningbed Dickwasawake Hewasrathermorethanthat 11 轭式搭配 Zeugma 把适用于某一事物的词语顺势用到另外一事物上的方法 正拈 反拈 Sheopenedthedoorandherhearttothehomelessboy AsIlefthomeafterbreakfast Ishiveredinwardlyaswellasoutwardly Theysawlotsofthunderandlightning 12 移就格 TransferredEpithet 有意识的把描写甲事物的词语移用来描写乙事物 一般可分为移人于物 移物于人 移物于物三类 Hesaid yes tothequestioninanunthinkingmoment Thechildwasnoisyinthemorning Hisstoriesachievednothingbutcheaplaughs 13 矛盾修辞修饰法 Oxymoron 用两种不相调和 甚至截然相反的词语来形容一件事物 Nolight butratherdarknessvisible Thestateof