纽马克语义翻译与交际翻译ppt课件.ppt

Communicative SemanticTranslation PeterNewmark 1 MainContent BackgroundCommunicative SemanticTranslationComments 2 Background Pre linguisticsperiodoftranslationOppositiontothemonistictheoryLinguisticsbases 3 Pre linguisticsperiodoftranslation Conflictbetweenfreeandliteraltranslation Noattempttodistinguishtypesorqualityoftexts Strongontheory butshortonmethodandpracticalexamples Unawareofeachother swork 4 Themonistictheoryoftranslation Thetwoconcepts CTthattranslationislikelanguage ispurelyasocialphenomenon Newmark 2001 62 e g Nida Translatingiscommunicating 5 Linguisticsbases Translationtheoryderivesfromcomparativelinguistics andwithlinguistics itismainlyanaspectofsemantics allquestionsofsemanticrelatetotranslationtheory Vygotsky Innerspeechisnottheinterioraspectofexternalspeech itisafunctioninitself Itistoalargeextentthinkinginpuringmeanings Thinkingprecedesspeechandwriting 6 CommunicativeandSemantictranslation DefinitionComparisonofCT STSimilaritiesbetweenCT ST 7 DefinitionofCTandST Communicativetranslationattemptstoproduceonitsreadersaneffectascloseaspossibletothatobtainedonthereadersoftheoriginal Semantictranslationattemptstorender ascloselyasthesemanticandsyntacticstructuresofthesecondlanguageallow theexactcontextualmeaningoftheoriginal 8 SemanticTranslationVS LiteralTranslation Literaltranslation theprimarysensesofthelexicalwordsoftheoriginalaretranslatedasthoughoutofcontext butthesyntacticstructuresofthetargetlanguagearerespected ThebasicdifferenceisthatSTrespectscontext butliteraltranslationdoesnot 9 Flat V diagram SourceLanguageBiasTargetLanguageBiasLiteralFreeFaithfulIdiomaticSemantic Communicative 10 Conclusion STcombinestheadvantagesofword for word literal faithfultranslation whileCTcombinestheadvantagesofadaption freeandidiomatictranslation Itcanbecountedasthemostdesiredtranslationmethod 11 ComparisonofCT ST Transmitter addresseefocusRelationtoSTUseofformofSLFormofTLAppropriateness 12 Transmitter addresseefocus ST Focusonthethoughtprocessesofthetransmitterasanindividual shouldonlyhelpTTreaderwithconnotationsiftheyareacrucialpartofmessage CT Subjective TTreaderfocused orientedtowardsanspecificlanguageandculture 13 RelationtoSourceText ST Always inferior toST lossofmeaning CT Maybe better thantheST gain offorceandclarityeveniflossofsemanticcontent 14 UseofformofSL ST IfSTlanguagenormsdeviate thenthismustbereplicatedinTT loyaltytoSTauthor CT RespectfortheformoftheSL butoverriding loyalty toTLnorms 15 FormofTargetLanguage ST morecomplex moreawkward moredetailed moreconcentrated ittendstoovertranslateCT smoother simpler clearer moredirect moreconventional conformingtoaparticularregisteroflanguage tendingtoundertranslate 16 Appropriateness ST forseriousliterature autobiography personaleffusion anyimportantpolitical orother statement CT forthevastmajorityoftexts e g non literarywriting technicalandinformativetexts publicity standardizedtypes popularfiction 17 TextTypes ExpressivetextsInformativetextsVocativetexts 18 Wetpaint A 湿油漆 ST B 油漆未干 请勿触摸 CT 西游记 A JourneytotheWest ST B PilgrimagetotheWest CT 谋事在人 成事在天 A Manproposes Heavendisposes ST B Manproposes Goddisposes CT 19 这是七月下旬 合中国旧历的三伏 一年最热的时候 Ch ienChung shu 2010 1 ItwastowardtheendofJuly equivalenttothe san fu periodofthelunarcalendar thehottestdaysoftheyear KellyandMao 2003 1 20 ThroughtheLooking Glass 爱丽丝镜中奇遇记 Feather Isay Whydoyousay Feather sooften Aliceaskedatlast rathervexed I mnotabird Youare saidthesheep youarealittlegoose CT 撇桨呀 我说 阿丽思有点儿觉得她频气了 她就说 你干嘛老说 别讲 啊 我也没讲啊 什么没桨 那绵羊说 你手里摇的是什么 你简直是个笨猪 赵元任 ST 我说 羽毛 为什么你老是说 羽毛 爱丽丝觉得烦了 终于问道 我又不是禽鸟 你是禽鸟 绵羊说 你是只小鹅 王永年 21 父亲是前清举人 在本乡江南一个小县里做大绅士 Hisfatherhadpassedthesecond degreeexaminationunderManchuruleandwasaprominentsquireinhisnativedistrictsouthoftheYangtze KellyandMao 2003 8 Note ThetraditionalChinesecivilexaminationsystemofferedthreeacademicdegrees whichwereconductedatthreedifferentlevels thecountry orprefecture theprovince andthenationalcapital Successfulcandidatesatthesethreelevelswereknownrespectivelyashsiu ts ai chu jen andchin shih KellyandMao 2003 353 CT ST 22 SimilaritiesbetweenCT ST Atranslationcanbemore orless semantic more orless communicative evenaparticularsectionorsentencecanbetreatedmorecommunicativelyorsemantically PeterNewmark 2001 40 23 SimilaritiesbetweenCT ST BothCT STarerootedincognitivetranslation CTandSTarebothsuitablefor 1 thetextconveysgeneralratherthanaculturally temporallyandspatially boundmessageandwhenthematterisimportantasthemanner 2 commonsenseortheinformationfreefromculturalrestrictions 24 Comment