语法填空解题技巧 (共44张)ppt课件

高考英语新题型 语法填空 RationalCloze Teachingobjectives 针对语法填空题 进行命题分析 结合示例给予解题指导 题型分析 命题宗旨 旨在考查 语法和语用知识 综合语言运用能力 着重考查 题材 生活经历或成语故事 其内容体现文化内涵 或给人心灵以启迪等 语篇形式 短文或对话 长度 200词左右 命题特点 体裁 记叙文为主 纯空格类 3 4个题 提示词类 6 7个题 特别提醒 填的词在3个以内 命题形式 语法考点 实词 动词 名词 代词形容词 副词 虚词 连词 介词 代词 冠词 句法 词法 复合句的引导词 如定语从句 名词性从句 状语从句 阅读和理解语篇分析句子结构熟练运用语法正确拼写单词 命题能力要求 四种能力 语法知识逻辑关系语篇标志 固定词组 词汇知识生活常识 依据 解题思路 句型搭配 1 通读全文 了解大意 2 试填空格 后难先易 3 重读全文 解决难题 解题步骤 解题密招 纯空格题的解题技巧 一般填代词 冠词 介词 连词 从句关联词 助动词 情态动词 1 分析句子结构确定填哪类词 2 根据句意 句子间的逻辑关系和固定搭配 确定具体填什么词 有以下技巧 技巧1 缺主语或宾语 一定是填代词或名词 多考代词 isafactthatChinaisstrongerthanbefore It 点拨 句子缺主语 应填名词或代词 it指代真正的主语that before这个句子 技巧2 名词前面的空格很可能是填限定词 冠词 形容词性物主代词 不定代词 a Theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullitto smalltownsome20kilometersawaywheretherewasagarage a 表示 一个 技巧3 句子不缺主语 表语 动词后不缺宾语的情况下 名词或代词前面 一定是填介词 It sanhonourformetobeinvited aguestintheirhouse as 作为 语法知识 6 9 17 20 10 13 技巧4 若几个单词或短语之间没有连词 可能是填连词 Shecameup gaveMotherabighug and 点拨 因cameup和gaveMotherabighug两个动词短语之间没有连词 且两者是并列关系 故填and 技巧5 若两句之间没有连词也没有分号或句号 一定是填连接词 Hewasverytiredafterdoingthisforawholeday hefeltveryhappysincethecropdid grow higher but 表示转折 但是 Ihavefinishedreadingallthebooks wereborrowedfrommyfriend that 点拨 that是主句I books和定语从句之间的连接词 技巧6 若结构较完整 空格后的谓语动词是原形 特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时 很可能是填情态动词 表示强调或倒装的助动词 do does did等 ThebookwasgonebutI putitinTom sschoolbag did 确实 用来加强语气 Neverbefore heheardofsuchstrangethings has 点拨 句子是倒装句 现在完成时且主语是第三人称单数 技巧7 由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词 Itwas that 为强调句型 ItwasafterIgothome Isawthetextmessage that Hewas wildwithjoythathejumped so 点津 so that 句型 括号内有提示词解题技巧 主要考查 动词时态和语态 非谓语形式 名词 形容词和副词 提示词是动词 作谓语 辨清时态和语态 作非谓语 v ing v ed todo 词性转换 副词 比较级 最高级 反义词 名词 提示词是形容词 提示词是副词 形容词 比较级 最高级 反义词 名词 提示词是名词 形容词 副词 复数 所有格 1 speak outyourinnerfeelingwon tmakeyoufeelashamed 解析 句中已有谓语won tmake 谓语前面应为主语 故填非谓语动词Speaking Exercises Speaking 2 Suddenly he find thathehadrunoutofsalt found 做谓语且句子为一般过去时 3 Lessons learn insportscanhelpusinourdealingwithotherpeople 点拨 过去分词做后置定语 learned learnt 4 Theremustbesomething serious wrongwithoursociety 解析 要求填的词修饰形容词wrong 作状语 用副词 故填seriously seriously 5 Yourmistakecausedalotof necessity workintheoffice unnecessary adj 不必要的 修饰名词work 6 Onceahabitisformed itisdifficult andsometimes possible togetridof impossible adj 不可能的 做is的表语 7 Thesepeoplehavemadegreat contribute toChinawiththeirwork contributions 8 Hetrainedeven hard thanbefore harder than和even都是比较级的标志 词类转化诀窍 归纳总结 副词 名词 形容词 作主语 宾语填 作定语 表语 补足语填 修饰动词 形容词 副词 作状语 填 真题再现 1 Will matterifyoudon ttakeyourbreakfast Ashorttimeago atest give intheUnitedSates Peopleofdifferent from12to83 wereaskedtohaveatest Duringtheexperiment thesepeopleweregivenallkindsofbreakfasts andsometimestheygot breakfastatall Specialtestsweresetuptosee welltheirbodiesworkedandwhentheyhadeaten certainkindofbreakfast 1 3 4 5 6 2 it wasgiven ages no how a Theresultsshowthatifapersoneatsaproperbreakfast heorshewillworkwithbettereffect ifheorshehasnobreakfast Thisfactappearstobe especial trueifapersonworks hisbrains Forexample ifastudenteatsfruit eggs breadandmilkbeforegoingtoschool hewilllearnmorequicklyandlistenwith much attentioninclass 7 8 9 10 more than with especially 2 Ayoungman whiletravelingthroughadesert cameacrossaspringofclearwater 1 waterwassweet Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder 2 hadbeenhisteacher Afterafour dayjourney theyoungman 3 present thewatertotheoldman Histeachertookadeepdrink smiled 4 warm andthankedhisstudentverymuchforthesweetwater Theyoungmanwenthome 5 ahappyheart Afterthestudentleft theteacherlet 6 studenttastethewater Hespititout 7 say itwasawful The who presented warmly with another saying Apparently itwasnolongerfreshbecauseoftheoldleathercontainer Heaskedhisteacher Sir thewaterwasawful Whydidyoupretendtolike 8 Theteacherreplied Youtastedthewater Itastedthegift Thewaterwassimplythecontainerforanactofkindnessandlove Nothingcouldbe 9 sweet Weunderstandthislessonbest 10 wereceivegiftsoflovefromchildren Whetheritisacheappipeoradiamondnecklace theproperresponseisappreciation Welovetheideawithinthegiftratherthanthething it sweeter when 3 Janewaswalkingroundthedepartmentstore Sherememberedhowdifficult1wastochooseasuitableChristmaspresentforherfather Shewishedthathewasaseasy please ashermother whowasalwaysdelightedwithperfume Besides shoppingatthistimeoftheyearwasnot3pleasantexperience peoplesteppedonyourfeetor4 push youwiththeirelbows 肘部 hurryingaheadtogettoabargain Janepausedinfrontofacounter5someattractivetieswereondisplay Theyarerealsilk theassistanttriedtoattracther Worthdoublethe it pushed where 2 toplease a Janestoppedwhereasmallcrowdofmenhadgathered Shefoundsomegoodqualitypipes7sale Shedidnothesitateforlong althoughherfathersmokedapipeonlyonceinawhile sheknewthatthiswasapresentwhichwasboundtoplease8 WhenJanegothome withhersmallbutwell chosenpresentinherbag herparentswerealready9t