初中语法定语从句.doc

此文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系网站删除The Attributive Clause定语从句讲解定语从句包括：The Restrictive Attributive Clause 限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause 非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句的构成1. 从句位置及语序:先行词之后，用陈述句语序2. 翻译方法：的3. 构成：关系词（关系代词，关系副词）先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4. The school where I study is far from my home.in the school = where关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系代词在从句中可以：指人指物主语宾语that 是是是是which否是是是who是否是是whom是否否是何时可以省略？做宾语时可以省略关系代词的用法练习1.The eggs were not fresh. I bought them yesterday.The eggs (that/which) I bought them were not fresh.2.The friend was not hungry. He came to supper last night.The friend who/ that he came to supper last night was not hungry. 3.He prefers the cheese. It comes from his parents farm. He prefers the cheese that / which it comes from his parents farm.4.The noodles were delicious. You cooked them. The noodles( which/ that )you cooked them were delicious5.I dont like the people. They smoke a lot.I dont like the people that / who they smoke a lot.关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词实际上是介词先行词I still remember the day when I came here. on the day =whenThis is the house where I lived last year. in the house= whereThere are many reasons why people like traveling. for the reasons =whyI dont like the way that you speak. in the way =that几种易混的情况1.Ill never forget the days_ when /in which we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ which _ we spent together. 及物动词 3.I went to the place where/ in which I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ which _ I visited ten years ago. 及物动词 5.This is the reason _ why/ for which _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ that/which _ he gave. 及物动词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class. whose =the students 非限制性定语从句形式作用能否省略翻译限制性定语从句修饰限定不能instrument n. 工具；器械；乐器.的细胞体的vt. & vi. （使）迷惑；（使）为难非限制性定语从句插入成分补充解释scan vt. 细看；仔细检查；粗略地看；能the Andes 安第斯山脉限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，grizzly n. （北美洲）灰熊所以不能省略Bangladesh n. 孟加拉国（亚洲国家）非限制性定语从句和单句的比较4.He has two sons. Both of _ are teachers. （口语）糟透的5.He has two sons, both of _ are teachers.(用机器)大量生产；成批制造as 引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ It _ is known to all.flash vt. & vi. （使）闪光；（使）闪现The earth is round,_ which/ as _ is known to all._ As _ is known to all, the earth is round_ It _ is known to all that the earth is roundas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expectedas 引导的非限制性定语从句 (1)This is the same pen as I lost.这本书和我丢的那本一模一样。This is the same pen that I lost.这本书就是我丢的那本。as 引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book _as_ we all like.This is so interesting a book _as_ we all like.这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句)This is such an interesting book _that_we all like it.This is so interesting a book _that_we all like it.这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句)介词+关系代词的情况 1The man whom you spoke was a scientist.The city which she lives is far away.可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后 在固定短语中介词不能提前1. Do you like the book on which she spent $10? 2. Do you like the book for which she paid $10?3. Do you like the book from which she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book about which she often talks? 5. He built a telescope through which he could study the skies.只能用that 做关系代词的情况1.当先行词是不定代词时,如:All ,few, little, much, every, something, anything, ev