废墟段落翻译.docx

废墟(节选)中国历史充满了悲剧，但中国人怕看真正的悲剧。最终都有一个大团圆，以博得情绪的安慰，心理的满足。唯有屈原不想大团圆，杜甫不想大团圆，曹雪芹不想大团圆，孔尚任不想大团圆，鲁迅不想大团圆，白先勇不想大团圆。他们保存了废墟，净化了悲剧，于是也就出现了一种真正深沈的文学。没有悲剧就没有悲壮，没有悲壮就没有崇高。雪峰是伟大的，因为满坡掩埋着登山者的遗体；大海是伟大的，因为处处漂浮着船楫的残骸；登月是伟大的，因为有“挑战者号”的陨落；人生是伟大的，因为有白发，有诀别，有无可奈何的失落。古希腊傍海而居，无数向往彼岸的勇士在狂波间前仆后继，于是有了光耀百世的希腊悲剧。Translation：The history of China is full of pains, but Chinese people are in dread of real tragedies. They like the happy ending because it gives them psychological comfort and mental release. However, exceptional people have and always will exist. Many famous litterateurs, including Qu Yuan, Du Fu, Cao Xueqin, Kong Shangren, Lu Xun, and Bai Xianyong; neither of them was fond of happy endings. They maintained the pure ruins, and kept their tragedies without any beautification, so their literary works are deep and meaningful.If it were no tragedies, there would be no solemnity or even sublime. The Everest was awe-inspiring because the snow covers so many corpses of climbers. The ocean was mighty for flotsam and jetsam that spread all over the waters. The Moonfall was magnificent; equally the disaster of the Challenger was sunk into the mind. We surprised about the power of life by the reason that humans have to suffer the consenescence, separation, death, and senses of helplessness and loss. Once upon a time, the Ancient Greece was located by the Aegean Sea; if there were no millions of brave Greeks to challenge the inclement sea, Greek tragedies would not have been handed down from generation to generation.Select from Cultural Perplexity in Agonized Travel “The Ruins”Writer: Yu Qiuyu Qu Yuan- (343278 BC) was a Chinese poet and minister who lived during the Warring States period of ancient China. Tu Fu - (712 770) was a prominent Chinese poet of the Tang dynasty. Cao Xueqin (1715 or 1724 1763 or 1764) was a Chinese writer during the Qing dynasty. He is best known as the author of Dream of the Red Chamber, one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. Kong Shangren (1648 - 1718) was a Qing Dynasty dramatist and poet best known for his chuanqi play The Peach Blossom Fan (桃花扇) about the last days of the Ming dynasty. Lu Xun - the pen name of Zhou Shuren (September 25, 1881 October 19, 1936), a leading figure of modern Chinese literature. Writing in Vernacular Chinese as well as Classical Chinese, Lu Xun was a novelist, editor, translator, literary critic, essayist, and poet. Bai Xianyong- Kenneth Hsien-yung Pai (born July 11, 1937) is a writer who has been described as a melancholy pioneer. CulturalPerplexityinAgonizedTravel is a collection of essays reflecting the authors study of and meditation on cultural issues home and abroad combined with his real life experiences and deep understanding of society, history and culture. The whole book contains 39 essays totaling 240,000 words. Some essays, based on existing Chinese historic sites, showed-off the authors in-depth research in Chinese traditional culture and Chinese literators destiny; or from a more general perspective some essays expressed his rational evaluation of the choices Chinese literature has and its trend for development; others are narratives of some valuable life experiences under the backdrop of specific feelings for culture. Yu Qiuyu (in 1946 ) Shanghai Play Institute professors, well-known writer.翻译理论应用1. 增补主语最终都有一个大团圆，以博得情绪的安慰，心理的满足。They like the happy ending because it gives them psychological comfort and mental release.原文中没有主语，根据语境，译文中增加主语they就是指前文的“中国人”。2. 替代与重复唯有屈原不想大团圆，杜甫不想大团圆，曹雪芹不想大团圆，孔尚任不想大团圆，鲁迅不想大团圆，白先勇不想大团圆。However, exceptional people have and always will exist. Many famous litterateurs, including Qu Yuan, Du Fu, Cao Xueqin, Kong Shangren, Lu Xun, and Bai Xianyong; neither of them was fond of happy endings.英语重替代，汉语重重复。原文中作者运用了排比句式，加强语气；而英语中除了修辞需要以外，很少在句子中重复同一个词或结构，所以用neither of them代替原文中的结构。3. 双重否定句没有悲剧就没有悲壮，没有悲壮就没有崇高。If it were no tragedies, there would be no solemnity or even sublime.双重否定句表达肯定语气，用if引导，感情色彩更浓厚，语气更强烈。4. 虚