常用材料密度、线胀系数.doc

单位：g/cm3 (1Kg/m3=110-3g/cm3)序号材料密度备注序号材料密度备注1空气（20）0.00122软木0.1-0.43泡沫塑料0.24泥煤0.29-0.55工业用毛毡0.36木炭0.3-0.57焦炭0.36-0.538烟煤粉0.4-0.79木材0.4-0.7510皮革0.4-1.211石墨（粉）0.4512石棉线0.45-0.5513熟石灰（粉）0.514胶合板0.5615褐煤0.6-0.816高炉渣0.6-117干煤灰0.64-0.7218汽油0.66-0.7519煤灰0.720无烟煤0.7-1.021锌烟尘0.7-1.522粘土（块）0.7-1.523煤油0.78-0.8224酒精0.825烟煤0.8-126橡胶夹布传动带0.8-1.227造型砂0.8-1.328石油（原油）0.8229无烟煤粉0.84-0.8930软钢纸板0.931竹材0.932石蜡0.933机油0.9-0.934聚丙烯0.9-0.9135沥青0.9-1.536聚苯乙烯0.91-1.0737聚乙烯0.92-0.9538纯橡胶0.9339水（4）140ABS树脂1.02-1.0841尼龙10101.04-1.1542聚苯醚1.06-1.0743生石灰（块）1.144尼龙6/661.13-1.1545有机玻璃1.18-1.1946盐酸1.247熟石灰1.248水泥（粉）1.249生石灰（粉）1.250电石1.251电木1.2-1.452石灰石（中小块）1.2-1.553白云石（块）1.2-254褐铁矿1.2-2.155聚砜1.2456纤维纸板/纤维板1.3-1.457胶木/胶木板1.3-1.458酚醛层压板1.3-1.4559锌精矿1.3-1.760铜精矿1.3-1.861工业橡胶1.3-1.862铅锌精矿1.3-2.463碎石1.32-264聚氯乙烯1.35-1.465赛璐珞1.35-1.466细砂（干）1.4-1.6567粗砂（干）1.4-1.968聚甲醛1.41-1.4369玻璃钢1.4-2.170电玉1.45-1.5571砾石1.5-1.972橡胶石棉板1.5-273硝酸1.5474平胶板1.6-1.875平炉渣1.6-1.8576石灰石（大块）1.6-2.077粘土砖1.778锰矿1.7-1.979铁烧结块1.7-2.080铜矿1.7-2.181镁1.7482镁合金1.74-1.8183磷酸1.7884硫酸（87%）1.885碎白云石1.8-1.986硅质耐火砖1.8-1.987细砂（湿）1.8-2.188褐铁矿1.8-2.189混凝土1.8-2.4590砌砖1.9-2.391铅精矿1.9-2.492银10.593石棉板1-1.394铅/铅板11.3795汞13.5596硬质合金（钨钴）14.4-14.997金19.3298石棉布制动带299赤铁矿2.0-2.8100粘土耐火砖2.1101镁砂粉2.1-2.2102聚四氟乙烯2.1-2.3103石英玻璃2.2104硅藻土2.2105碳化钙（电石）2.22106纤维蛇纹石石棉2.2-2.4107石膏2.2-2.4108高铬质耐火砖2.2-2.5109镁砂（块）2.2-2.5110耐高温玻璃2.23111陶瓷2.3-2.45112石灰石2.4-2.6113实验器皿玻璃2.45114平板玻璃2.5115磁铁矿2.5-3.5116镁铬质耐火砖2.6117大理石2.6-2.7118花岗岩2.6-3.0119铝镍合金2.7120工业用铝/铸铝合金2.7121云母2.7-3.1122石墨2-2.2123碳化硅3.1124角闪石石棉3.2-3.3125金刚石3.5-3.6126普通刚玉3.85-3.9127白刚玉3.9128金刚砂4129锌铝合金6.3-6.9130灰铸铁7131轧锌7.1132锡7.29133可锻铸铁7.3134锌板7.3135锡基轴承合金7.34-7.75136白口铸铁7.55137硅钢片7.55-7.8138无锡青铜7.5-8.2139铸钢7.8140钢材7.85141碳钢7.85142工业纯铁7.87143合金钢/镍铬钢7.9144不锈钢7.9145高速钢8.3-8.7含钨9%-18%146黄铜8.4-8.85147铸造黄铜8.62148锡青铜8.7-8.9149轧制磷青铜8.8150冷拉青铜8.8151镍铜合金8.8152纯铜8.9紫铜153镍8.9154锡基轴承合金9.33-10.68155硬质合金（钨钴钛）9.5-12.4各种固体的线膨胀系数物质温度范围()线胀系数物质温度范围()线胀系数(10-6/K-1)纸质绝缘胶木花岗石殷钢橡胶石英康铜镍 铜黄铜锰钢白铜不锈钢溴化钾氯化钾氟化锂石膏氧化铍陶瓷木(顺纤维方向)木(垂直纤维方向)氧化铝陶瓷20 20010020-1961601200202020100202000020 830.012.0660.2560.58514.4141722.718.11610.037.535.732.32.55.46.0506.5石蜡夹玻璃布胶木夹布胶木特氟纶瓷(陶磁)瓷釉赛璐璐水泥硬质橡胶环氧树脂琥珀钢(1.5%碳)普通玻璃水晶大理石德银铂铑合金氧化镁氯化钠硫化铅20 2010020202020203001000100010002740130 0.833406220265130101484.211557117.0101218.49.69.838.918.6水和冰的体胀系数与温度的关系温度()水的体胀系数(1/度)温度(