高考英语动词时态ppt课件

.,EnglishBasicTenses(时态),.,他每天都来。他昨天来了.他已经来了.他明天来.汉语借助词汇手段而非词的形态变化来表示动作的发生,而英语主要通过谓语动词时态变化来表现.任何句子都要先注意时态.,Hecameyesterday.,Hehascome.,Hewillcometomorrow.,Hecomeseveryday.,.,v./v-s/es,V-ed,will+v,would+v.,had+done,have/has+done,have/hasbeen+V-ing,am/is/are+V-ing,was/were+V-ing,.,一:一般现在时,定义:一般现在时。表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的状态或者动作（有时间规律发生的事件）的一种时间状态,.,一般现在时的构成,1、主语+be动词+其他2、主语+V原形+其他（do)3、主语+Vses+其他(does),.,具体运用1,1.表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率的时间状语连用。时间状语：always,usually,everymorning/night/evening/day/week/year,often,sometimes,twiceaweekseldomonceamonthonSundays,IstudyhardeverydayandIgetalongwellwithmyclassmates,butsometimesImissmyfamilies.,.,2.表示客观事实和普遍真理。(注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。)Theteachersaidtheearthmovesaroundthesun.ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.,具体运用2,.,具体运用3,3表示格言或警句中。Eg.1Pride_(go)beforeafall.Eg.2Columbusprovedthattheearth_(be)round.,.,4汽车、飞机、会议等按时刻表将要发生的事。Thetrain(start)atthreethisafternoon.Themeeting(hold)at2:00p.m.everyday.5在时间、条件、方式、让步状语从句中，用一般现在时代替一般将来时,即主将从现。Ifit_(be)finetomorrow,we_(go)tothecountryside.Ifhe_(come)thisafternoon，we_(have)ameeting.,.,1、一般动词，在词尾加s;如：work-works,live-lives,play-plays,sing-sings.eg:ShelivesinNingbo.2、以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词词尾加-esteach-teaches,wash-washes.go-goespass-passesfix-fixeseg:Mymotherwashesthecoat.,动词变化规律,.,3.以辅音字母加Y结尾的词，把Y变I在加ES，,Studyfly,studies,flies,4.特殊情况：,havehas,.,1Didyougetonworkontime?Sure.Thecitycenterwasntascrowdedthismorningasitusually_.AwasBisChasbeenDhadbeen2.Ingeneral,mosttennis_onhardcourtsoronclay.A.playsB.isplayedC.hasplayedD.hasbeenpalyed3.Whatareyourrulesforcarry-onluggage,Madam?You_onlyonepieceofluggageonthepalne,Sir.A.allowB.allowedC.areallowedD.wereallowed,.,4.ThestudentswillgototheSummerPalaceifit_tomorrow.A.dontrainB.doesntrainC.wontrainD.isntrain5.HellstayinBeijingtillhisaunt_well.AwillgetBwillbeCgetsDremains6.Its6oclockinthemorning.Itstime_.A.getupB.gotupC.togetupD.getsup,.,Example:I_(spend)mychildhoodhappilywithmyoldfriends.Wealways_(play)footballandbasketballtogetherandwe_(not)havesomuchhomeworktodoasnow.We_(be)happyatthattime.,导入之二：Howdidyouspendyourchildhood?,.,二：一般过去时,1.定义:动词的一般过去时态表示过去发生的动作、情况或存在的状态。,行为动词(即实义动词)的过去式没有人称和数的变化。,.,I_12yearsoldthisyear.,I_11yearsoldlastyear.,He_inBeijingnow.,He_inShanghaiyesterday.,Pleaselookatthesentences(be),.,They_(be)inChinatoday.,They_(be)inJapanyesterday.,am/is,was,are,were,.,I_(have)eggsandmilkforbreakfasteverymorning.,I_(have)noodlesforbreakfastyesterdaymorning.,He_(have)fruiteveryday.,He_(have)3applesyesterday.,have/has,had,.,I(get)upat6:30everymorning.I_(get)upat9:00lastSunday.,He_(play)footballeveryafternoon.He_(play)basketballyesterdayafternoon.,He_(do)hishomeworkeveryevening.He_(do)somereadinglastnight.,动词原形、第三人称单数,动词过去式,.,2:谓语构成,1.动词be2.动词have,has3.助动词do,does4.行为动词用过去式,was,were,had,did,一般过去时以动词的过去式来表示，没有人称和数的变化.(was,were除外),Iwenttoschoolyesterday.Theywenttoschoolyesterday.,.,一般过去时的谓语构成：由动词的过去式构成,规则变化1.一般加ed,2.以e结尾加d,work,worked,change,changed,3.以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先改y为i,再加ed,study,studied,4.不规则变化,.,规则动词过去式-ed的发音,1.在以清辅音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/t/,work/w3:k/,ed,t/,2.在以浊辅音或原音结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/d/,play/pleI/,live/lIv/,ed,d/,ed,d/,.,3.在以/t/或/d/结尾的规则动词后,-ed读作/Id/,visit/vIzIt/,ed,Id/,finishedenjoyedshoutedmoved,helpedwantedcalledneeded,/t/,/d/,/Id/,/d/,/d/,/t/,/Id/,/Id/,.,1.在过去某一时间内发生的动作：,He_(get)homeattenoclocklastnight.,2.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作,常与often，always等表示频度的间状语连用：,Ioften_(getup)veryearlyatthattime.,3:用法,.,3.表示已故人所做的事情。,ComradeLeiFeng_(do)gooddeedsinhislife.,4.表示过去所发生的一系列的动作,而这一系列的动作是从现在的角度来考虑的,不是从动作相互之间的关系这一角度来考虑的。,MissLiu(get)upatsevenoclockthismorning,_(dress),(have)breakfast,and_(go)towork.,.,1.与ago连用：amomenttwominutesthreehoursfivedaysoneweeksixmonthsfouryears,ago,4.用于一般过去时的时间状语,.,last,timenightweekmonthtermMonday,yesterday,morningafternoonevening,thedaybeforeyesterday,2.与last连用,3.与yesterday连用：,.,4.与one连用：,one,morningeveningdayMondayafternoon,5.与that连用：,that,morningwinterdayyear,.,justnowintheolddaysinthosedaysin1980theotherdayatthattimeonceuponatime,6.其他时间状语：,.,_you_(remember)tobuytheorangesyesterday?2.Who_(invent)thecomputer?3.We_(go)tothecinemalastnight.Thefilm_(be)verygood.4.Whattime_you_(get)toschoolthismorning?5.Jim_(do)alotyesterday.He_(go)shoppingand_(cook)supper.,用动词的适当时态填空,.,6.Heusually_(get)upat6inthemorning.Look!He_(get)upnow.Butyesterdayhe_(get)upverylate,sohe_(go)toschoollate.He_(be)lateforschool.,.,一般过去时用在虚拟语气中,1（事实：我不可能是你）IfIwereyou,Iwouldtakeanumbrella.2（事实：不知道）IfIknewhistelephonenumber,Iwouldtellyou.,.,2（事实：不知能否下雪）IftherewereaheavysnownextSunday,wewouldnotgoskating.3.（事实：不知道她是否会来）IfsheweretobeherenextMonday,Iwouldtellheraboutthematter.,.,Wouldrather从句中,wouldrather后可接从句，从句用一般过去式，即1wouldrathersb.didsth.表示宁愿某人现在或将来要做某事；HedratheryoucameonFriday.2wouldrathersb.haddonesth.表示宁愿某人过去做过某事。如：Idratheryouhadnttoldhimthenewsthatday.,.,Itis（high/about）timethat从句中（该做的时候了）Ithinkitistimethattheyweretaughtalesson.ItistimeIwasinbed.也可以用should+动原should不省,.,犹如,picture,导入之三：HowwillyouspendyourNationalholiday?IwillImgoingto,.,三.一般将来时,1.结构：肯定句：主语+will+do+其他Peoplewillhaverobotsintheirhomes.否定句：主语+willnot/wont+do+其他Peoplewillnot/wonthaverobotsintheirhomes.一般疑问句：Will+主语+do+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主will否定回答：No,主wont.特殊疑问：疑问词+will+主+V原+？,will/shall+V原（shall仅第一人称）,.,2.时间状语（判断标准）：,tomorrownextweekthedayaftertomorrowsooninthefuturein+一段时间,.,3.一般将来时的几种构成形式,1.will+动词原形(I/weshall)2.begoingto+动词原形3.be+todo表示计划,责任,约定或命令4.beabouttodosth表示正要做,马上要做.(不能与表示将来时间的状语连用)5.be+v-ing6.一般现在时表将来,.,1.will与shallv1)表示一个将来的动作或状态，“要,会”Shewillgototheparktomorrow.2）表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的事。Tomwillbe18nextyear.Springwillcomeagain.TomorrowwillbeSunday.3)will+v有时表示说话是临时决定或打算。-Mycarwontstart.-Dontworry,Iwillcomeandgiveitapush.,.,2、begoingto表示计划，安排要做的事表示现在的迹象推断未来可能发生某事。-What_areyougoing_dothisevening?-Iamgoingtodomylessons.看那些乌云要下雨了.Lootatthedarkclouds.It_rain.,.,3.betodo表按计划或安排即将发生的动作表示约定，责任，命令，或注定要发生的动作。官方计划或决定（常见于报纸或广播）HeandIaretomeetattherailwaystationtomorrow.计划，安排Youarenottobebacklate.责任，命令Ifnotwatered,theplantsaretodie.注定要发生的动作ThepresidentistospeakonTVtonight.官方计划或决定,.,4.beabouttodo表示正要做,马上要做.(不能与表示将来的时间的状语连用)was/wereabouttodowhen正要突然发生TheEnglishEveningPartyisabouttobegin.Iwasabouttogooutwhenitbegantorain.,.,5.be+v-inggo,come,leave,start,arrive,stay,fly,land,takeoff等动词可用现在进行时表示安排和计划或即将发生的动作。WereleavingforQingdao.,.,6.表示与生日,日历,课时安排或交通时刻表有关的动作(一种规律)，用一般现在时表示将来时态常用于转移动词如：begin,come,leave,go,arrive,start,stop,return,open,closeTheeveningclassbeginsat19:00.Thetrainstartsattwo.,.,注:在时间或条件状语从句中,从句用一般现在时表示将来时:when,assoonas,before,once,if,unless,evenif,incase（以防）Ifyoucomethismorning,wewillhaveameeting.WhenIgraduate,Iwillgotothecountryside.,.,Whatwillyoudoifit_tomorrow?Wehavetocarryiton,sincewevegoteverythingready.A.rainB.rainsC.willrainD.israining,Exercises,.,2.Sorry,Iforgottoposttheletterforyou.Nevermind,_postitmyselftonight.A.ImgoingtoB.IprefertoC.IllD.Idrather,.,3.Writetomewhenyougethome._.A.ImustB.IshouldC.IwillD.Ican,.,4.Letskeeptothepointorwe_anydecisions.A.willneverreachB.haveneverreachedC.neverreachD.neverreached,.,5.Ifhe_tocollege,he_alotmore.A.willgo;willlearnB.willgo;isgoingtolearnC.goes;willlearnD.goes;isgoingtolearn,.,CanIspeaktoJim,please?Justaminute.I_gethim.2.Theagreement_comeintoforcenextyear.3.Imnotfeelingwell,andI_gotoseeadoctor.4.Nextyear,he_bethirtyyearsold.,.,5.How_you_spendyourholiday?Ivedecidedtorepaintthisroom.Oh,haveyou?Whatcolor_you_paintit?TheweatherissoniceandIamgoingtositinthegarden.Thatsagoodidea.I_joinyou.,.,四一般过去将来时(ThepastfuturesimpleTense)一般将来时:表示从现在的时间看将来将要发生的动作或状态,形式为will/begoingtodo/shalldoHewillbecomeadoctorinsevenyears.过去将来时:表示从过去的时间看待将来要发生的动作或状态,形式是把will/begoingtodo改为过去式will/shall+dowould/should+doam/is/aregoingto+dowas/weregoingto+doHetoldusthathewouldbecomeadoctorinsevenyears.,.,用法,和表示过去将来时间状语连用，多见于从句，特别是宾语从句中（当主句是过去时，宾语从句表示将要发生的事，用过去将来时）1Hesaidhe_(return)tothehometownthenextday.2Weneverimaginedhe_(be)adoctorinthefuture.A:Shewashedthecar,didntshe?B:No,sheforgot.Butshesaidshe_(wash)ittomorrow.,.,2.过去将来时常可用来表示过去习惯性的动作。此时，不管什么人称，一律用wouldWheneverhehadtime，hewoulddosomereading.IwouldplaywithhimwhenIwasachild.,.,“Wearegoingtohaveatestnextweek.”Theteachersaid.Theteachersaidthatwe_(have)atestthenextweek.Cokewillmakeatriptotheseaside.Coketoldus.Coketoldusthathe_wasgoingto/would_(make)atriptotheseaside.,.,Jim决定他们下个月坐飞机去英国。Jimdecided_.她66岁了。三年后，她是69岁。Shewassixty-six._.科学家说没有人知道一百年之后将会发生什么事。Scientistssaid_.老师问汤姆长大后准备干什么.TheteacheraskedTom_她告诉我们，如果下雨，她就不和我们一起去了。Shetoldus_.,Jimdecidedtheyweregoingto/wouldflytoBritainthenextmonth.,Inthreeyears,shewasgoingto/wouldbe69yearsold.,Scientistssaidnobodyknewwhatwouldhappeninonehundredyearstime.,TheteacheraskedTomwhatwasgoingto/woulddowhenhegrewup.,Shetoldusifitrained,shewouldntgowithus.,.,导入之五：Whataretheydoingnow?Theyarehavingaclass.,.,五.现在进行时,现在进行时表示现在（即说话人说话的时刻）正在进行的动作或正在发生的事情，现在进行时的标志性词语有now,look,atthemoment,listen等现在进行时的基本构成：主语+be动词+现在分词Eg.Theyaredrawingpictures.,.,现在分词的构成规则,1.一般在动词词尾加-ing，如：read-reading2.以不发音e结尾，去e加-ing，如：write-writing3.以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，应先双写这一字母，再加-ing。Eg：swim-swimmingrun-runningcut-cuttingshop-shoppingsit-sitting特殊变化：lie-lying平躺，die-dying死亡,.,现在进行时的句式,1.肯定句主语+be+doingEg:Iamdoingmyhomework.2.否定句主语+be+not+doingEg:Iamnotdoingmyhomework.3.一般疑问句be提到句首（注意人称变化）Eg:Areyoudoingyourhomework?,.,下面的动词不用现在进行时:,1.表示心理情感的动词:want；mind；wish；recognize；think；know；understand；hate；dependon2.表示存在位置的动词:remain；stand,.,3.表示知觉的动词：see；hear；notice；smell4.表示所属的动词：have；possess；own；consistof5.暂时性的动词：accept；allow；decide；promise,.,现在进行时的用法,1表示说话时正在进行而尚未完成的动作或状态They_(play)footballontheplaygroundnow.,2.与always，constantly(不断地；时常地)等连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。,Youarealways_(make)mistakes!,.,六过去进行时,1.结构：was/were+doing2.用法:表示过去某时或某段时间正在进行的动作或状态。常用的时间状语：attenyesterday,fromninetotenlastevening,when,while,atthattime,.,IfirstmetLisathreeyearsago.She_ataradioshopatthetime.A.hasworkedB.wasworkingC.hadbeenworkingD.hadworked,.,3.与always，forever，constantly连用，表示赞成或厌恶的感情色彩。Eg.He_(alwaysthinkof)others，neverthinkingofhimself.,.,4.表示位置移动的动词如come,go,leave,fly,setoff等用过去进行时表示按计划，安排过去某时刻将要发生的动作。例：Hesaidthey_(leavefor)Beijingthenextday.,.,七.现在完成时(ThepresentPerfectTense),1结构:have(has)+done2概念：表示发生在过去，持续到现在，可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态，甚至延续到将来，并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常与since+过去时（间）,for+一段时间连用。表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。3时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,sofar,bynow,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently,lately,inthepastfewyears,etc.,.,Hehaslivedheresincelastsummer.,时间线,现在,过去,lived,延续到现在:haslived,lastsummer,since,.,1.-WhendidhegotoAmerica?-Oh,he_theresincehalfayearago.A.wentB.hasbeenC.hasgoneD.was2.Shelly_CaliforniaforTexasand_thereeversince.YoucangoandpayheravisitonyourwaytoMexico.A.left,workedB.hasleft,hadworkedC.left,hasworkedD.hasleft,worked,.,比较一般过去时与现在完成时,1).一般过去时只表示发生在过去的动作或存在的状态,不涉及对现在的影响；现在完成时表示发生在过去的动作或状态一直延续到现在,或强调过去的事情对现在的造成的影响。MyfamilylivedinZhuhai10yearsago.（现在不在珠海了)MyfamilyhavelivedinZhuhaifor10years.(目前还在珠海),.,2).过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与不确定的或包括现在在内的时间状语连用，或无时间状语.I_(study)inZhongshanuniversityin2000.I_(study)inZhongshanuniversitysince2000.I_just_(buy)anapartment.(just表示不确定的时间状语）,.,注意：,非延续性动词不能与表示延续时间的状语(since;for)连用。但其否定形式则可以。1)Theyhavemarriedfortenyears.2)Ihavereceivedhisletteramonthago.3)Ihaventreceivedhisletterforamonth.,F,F,T,havebeenmarried,Theygotmarriedtenyearsago.,.,我已收到他的信一个月了。Ihavereceivedhisletterforamonth.()请改用三个正确的表达法:1._2._3._,I_(keep)hisletterforamonth.,ItisamonthsinceI_(receive)hisletter.,I_(receive)hisletteramonthago.,.,导入之八,Yougraduated(毕业)fromJuniorMiddleSchoolinJuly2009.You_therefor3yearswhenyougraduated.,.,八.过去完成时(ThepastperfectTense),结构:had+done概念：表示过去的过去-|-|-|-过去的过去过去现在将来,.,Bytheendoflasttermwehadlearnt20units.,现在,过去,过去的过去,theendoflastterm,hadlearnt,时间线,用法(1)表示过去某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by，before，until，when等词引导的时间状语。如：,.,2.表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算(“本想”;“本来打算”)。IhadhopedtoseemoreofShangHai.Ihadmeanttohelpyou,butIwastoobusyatthemoment.Ihadthoughtyouwouldcometomorrow.,.,3、常用于下列句型中：1)Hardly/Nosooner(过去完成时)when/than（一般过去时）。2)It/This/Thatwasthetimethat(从句用过去完成时)。3)Itwas+一段时间+since(从句用过去完成时)。,.,1.Whenthepolicearrived,thethieves_(runaway).2.WhenIcameintotheclassroom,mydearstudents_(begin)reading.3.Hewalkedinasifhe_(buy)theschool.(12广东）,hadrunaway,.,4.I_totakeagoodholidaythisyear,butIwasntabletogetaway.A.hopeB.havehopedC.hadhopedD.hoped5.Helen_herkeyintheofficesoshehadtowaituntilherhusband_home.A.hasleft;comesB.left;hadcomeC.hadleft;cameD.hadleft;wouldcome,.,导入之九：-Howlonghaveyoubeenstudyinginthisschool?,-Almosttwoandahalfyears.,.,九现在完成进行时,主语+has/have+been+doing.表示过去某一时间发生一直持续到现在还会继续下去的动作（动作未完成），动词必须用延续性动词。1He(work)hereforthreeyears.2ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities(rise)steadilysince1990.,.,-Isntithardtodrivedowntowntowork?-Yes,thatwhyI_toworkbytrain.A.havebeengoingB.havegoneC.wasgoingD.willhavegone,.,现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别1现在完成时:表到现在为止已经完成，或过去发生的动作对现在的影响或产生的结果，也可表示延续性；2现在完成进行时:往往强调仍将继续下去的动作。Ihavewrittenaletter.（已完成）Ihavebeenwritingaletter.（未完成）,过去,现在,时间线,havewritten,havebeenwriting,.,Exerci