文体与翻译新闻.ppt

Journalisticwriting,Theideaofhardnewsembodiestwoconcepts:Seriousness:Politics,economics,crime,war,anddisastersandcertainaspectsoflaw,science,andtechnology.Timeliness:Storiesthatcovercurrenteventstheprogressofawar,theresultsofavote,thebreakingoutofafire,asignificantpublicstatement,thefreeingofaprisoner,aneconomicreport,softnews:Theleastserioussubjects:Artsandentertainment,sports,lifestyles,humaninterest,andcelebrities.Nottimely:Thereisnoprecipitatingeventtriggeringthestory,otherthanareporterscuriosity.Timelyeventshappeninlessserioussubjectssportingmatches,celebritymisadventures,moviereleases,artexhibits,andsoon.,消息（news）特写（features）新闻评论（commentariesandcolumns）,headline,TyphoonMolavelandsinsouthChinaXinjiangriothitsregionalanti-terrornerveNewgroupsboosthi-techresearchQuakedeathtollmaytop2000,ConciseEye-catchinginformative,headline:Midgetwords,WorldeyesMid-EastpeacetalkChinavowstoensurefoodsafetyFamilyplanningurgedinIndiaAidforTsunamiVictimsFatalitiesmayclimbinUrumqi,Damage:Abandon:Explode:,hit，harm，hurt,ruin,wreckdrop,giveup，quit，skip,yieldblast，crash，ram,smash,Synonymsofallwork,aimbanbidcutmeetprobepact,Purpose,object,intensionRestraint,prohibition,interdictOffer,endeavor,attemptAbbreviation,shortening,abridgement,curtailmentAssembly,convention,conferenceInvestigation,inquisition,examination,interrogationContract,agreement,convention,deal:negotiation,transaction,bargainjob:undertaking,pieceofwork,enterprise,achievementtalk:address,lecture,monologuetry:endeavor,experiment,attempt,effort,striving,节缩词:cutting,Graduate:gradHospital:hosp；billion:bn；Percent:pc；Cigarette:cigbusiness:bizchampion:champconvict:condelicatessen:deliexposition:expo,SecsecretarychuteparachutecopterhelicopternatlnationalcomlcommercialtellytelevisiontechtechnologypixpicturesvicvictoryhomohomosexualproprofessionalreprepresentativeRussRussia,headline:grammar,DeathTakesNoHolidayTrashmanFindsBottlefromAncientTombMoscowsfoodpricessoaringYaoMingtoundergofootsurgerynextweek,tense(avoidstalenews)freshness,reality，immediacyYesterdaysnewspaperisonlygoodforwrappingfish.Theall-importantnewselementfadesintohistorywithin24hours.,Ellipsis,Journalesevice37killedinItalianplanecrashYaoMingtoundergofootsurgerynextweekPreparationsurgedforthecomingsolareclipseBAKER，Japanvisitoff，armsissuehot(bakersJapanvisitisoffandthemilitaryweaponsissueishot)军备问题争论激烈贝克取消访日之行,Rhetoricdevices,Alliteration:Allusion:Rhyming:Antithesis:,FitorFat?AllRoadstoVeniceQueenLearSlaveandsaveorstuffandstarveToomuchcash,toolittleinnovation,Hyperbole:AvowtoZiphisLipsWordplay:EclipseshinesontourismAccusersaccusedClimbersHoldSummitTalksWhatwouldFrancedotorestoreChinaties?,直译或基本直译新闻标题,OlympicsBegininStyle;SwimmerTakes1stGoldUKsoldestpersondiesat115PalestinianLeaderArafatDiesat75,奥运盛妆开幕泳将喜夺首金英国第一寿星谢世，享天年一百一五十岁壮志未酬身先死阿拉法特抱憾归,ComebackgiveschinaasensationalThomascupwinStreetbattleinheavyshellingaspeacetalksproceed,中国队反败为胜荣获汤姆斯杯和平会谈进行之际巷战依然炮声隆隆,LasttwoBeiruthostagestogofreeFloridafreezetoincreaseareaproducepricesSignsofriftsappearinginArgentinasjunta,贝鲁特最后两名人质“获释在望”佛罗里达严寒将使该地区农产品涨价阿根廷军人政府出现内讧迹象,翻译中添加注释性词语accentuationvs.totalism,Older,wiser,calmerJapanesedashtoUStosay“Ido”HereComestheSon,人愈老，智愈高，心愈平日本情侣蜂拥美利坚，牧师面前誓言“我愿意”子承父业的小布什,尽量再现原文修辞特点,NoFans?“Nofret！”AftertheBoomsEverythingIsGloomSoccerkicksoffwithViolenceAmericanOnline:Oftendown,NeverOut.,赛场没人气？“咱可没生气！”繁荣不再萧条即来足球开踢拳打脚踢美国在线:屡挫不败,lexical,Novelty:Coinage(JournalisticNeologism),Wearestrugglingagainstautocracy,fordemocracybymeansofXerocracy.euromart（Europeanmarket)havesandhave-notTheoil-for-foodprogrammeFoot-and-handdiseaseSuicidebomberTelephoneharassments,JunkmailDownpayment-gateZippergateCamillagate,Midgetwords,aid=assistalter=changeormodifyaskinquireassail=denounceaxe=dismissreducebalkimpedeban=prohibitorforbidbar=preventbareexposeorrevealblast=explodebegincommence,check=examineclashdisagreestrong1ycurb=controlorrestrictdipdeclineordecreaseeaselessenend=terminateflay=criticizeflout=insult,bilkcheatboltdesertorabandonboost=increaselaud=praisemap=workoutmarkcelebrate,nameappointnominatemull=considergrill=investigategut=destroyhead=directhold=arrest,opt=chooseoust=expelperil=endangerpledge=determineplot=conspireplunge=plummetpoisereadyforactionprobeinvestigateraidattackrebukecriticize,slaymurderspur=encourageswapexchangesway=influencetrim=reducevow=determineweighconsiderwooseektowin,Propernouns,WashingtonandMoscowstilldominatearmsmarket.TheU.S.assiststheKremlinseconomicreform.ThePentagonhasnotyetreleasedhisidentity.DowningStreet,Zhongnanhai,Elysee,Wallstreet,FleetStreet,MotorCity,DiceCity,BigApple,Colloquial:vividness,LuxurycarsstealtheshowinNYC.Loopholesintheproposedtaxlawcouldmeanthatitisinforabumpyridewhenitgoesbeforethesenate.USwarplanesrainedbombsonKandahar.ThewarandotherdifficultiesdogtheArabsummit.,OK,yes,flood,toe,roar,mask,smash,kickoff,词汇翻译,1.直译Genetherapy,tubebaby,softlanding,madcowdisease2.使用等值词Politicalcampaign,heartman,cashcrops,3.直译/意译加补充说明,SuicidehotlineAtomicveteranWehavethoughtaboutagoldenhello.,自杀救助热线原子退伍老兵，指受到核武器或核试验辐射的退伍兵给新员工发放的丰厚的见面礼,4.转换词性5.音译,Syntactical,Directness/straightforwardness:Theexpandedsimplesentence,Screamingandweepingmournersclamberedaroundtheflag-drapedcoffincarryingthebodyoftheformerPrimeMinisterRafikHaririashundredsofthousandsofpeopleturnedoutforhisburialWednesday,twodaysafterahugebombkilledthemancreditedwithrebuildingpost-civilwar.,星期三，成千上万的黎巴嫩人涌上街头，与哈里里告别，黎前总统拉菲克哈里里盖着国旗的棺材周围挤满了尖叫的、痛哭的哀悼者。哈里里在黎巴嫩内战后的重建中卓有功勋，两天前在一起剧烈的爆炸中遇害。,倒装句前置修饰语高度浓缩,Syntactical,Rarelyhavetwoinexorablearmedforcesofhistorybeensostarklyrevealedbyanexchangebetweentwoworldleaders.对于这两支曾长期对峙的军事力量，两位世界大国领导如此坦率地互相交底，这种情况是非常罕见的。,Alwayserudite,famouslyverbose,andoftencontroversial,HarvardpaleontologistStephenJayGoulddiedlastweekat60.,哈佛大学古生物学家上星期去世，终年60岁。斯蒂芬学识渊博，喜发评论，是个具有争议的人物。,MaximumobjectivenessDirectspeechandindirectspeech,1.顺译2.逆译3.拆译4.综合,Discourse:,WASHINGTON(AP)TheAmericansoldierwhodisappearedJune30ineasternAfghanistan,andwaslaterconfirmedtohavebeencaptured,appearsonavideopostedSaturdaytoaWebsitebytheTaliban,twoUnitedStatesdefenseofficialssaid.,CaptiveG.I.onVideobyTaliban,Thesoldierisshowninthe28-minutevideowithhisheadshavedandthestartofabeard.Heissitting,wearinganondescriptgrayoutfit.Whenoneofhiscaptorsholdsthesoldiersdogtaguptothecamera,thenameandIDnumberarevisible.Thesoldier,whoseidentitythePentagonhasnotyetreleased,sayshisname,ageandhometownonthevideo.Americandefenseofficialsconfirmedthatthemaninthevideoisthecapturedsoldier.,ThesoldiersaysthedateisJuly14.Hesayshewascapturedwhenhelaggedbehindonapatrol.InterviewedinEnglishbyhiscaptors,heisaskedabouthisviewsonthewar,whichhecallsextremelyhard;hisdesiretolearnmoreaboutIslam;andthemoraleofAmericansoldiers,whichhesaysislow.Askedhowheisdoing,thesoldiersays:“Well,Imscared,scaredIwontbeabletogohome.Itisveryunnervingtobeaprisoner.”Hebeginstoanswerquestionsinamatter-of-factvoice.Helaterchokesupwhendiscussinghisfamilyandhishopetomarryhisgirlfriend.,“Ihaveavery,verygoodfamilythatIlovebackhomeinAmerica,”hesays.“AndImissthemeverydaywhenImgone.”PromptedbyhisinterrogatorstogiveamessagetotheAmericanpeople,hesaysinpart:“Please,pleasebringushomesothatwecanbebackwherewebelongandnotoverhere,wastingourtimeandourlivesandourpreciouslifethatwecouldbeusingbackinourowncountry.”Thevideoisnotacontinuousrecordingitappearstostopandstartduringthequestioning.OnSaturday,theAmericanmilitaryspokesmaninAfghanistan,Col.GregJulian,saidinKabulthattheUnitedStateswas“stilldoingeverythingwecantoreturnhimsafely.”,discourse,TheinvertedpyramidFormatintheorderofdescendingimportancewhowhatwhenwherewhyhow,HeadlineLead:Introductioncontainingmostimportantormostinterestinginformationmorefactssupportinginformationorbackgroundquotesormorefactsoflesserimportanceminordetailsleastsignificantinformation,Stargazersthrongtowatchraresolareclipse,BEIJING:Morethan500amateurastronomersfromoverseas