常用的英语词组及例句.doc

Language Points in Unit 11. be loyal to 对忠诚 argue with sb over/about sth与某人争论某事argue sb. into/out of +n. 说服某人做/停止做某事2. It is + adj.（表批评或赞扬） + of sb. to do sth.=sb. +be adj. to do sth.某人做某事是Eg, It is kind of you to say so.= You are kind to say so.3. A good friend is someone who makes me happy. make /find +object.（宾语） +adj.eg, make our classroom clean; find it usefulmake sb. do (sth.)= have sb. do sth. =get sb. to do sth.give reasons for sth.为某事给出原因 decide to do sth.决定做so/neither/nor +助动词/系动词/情态动词主语（动词）so主语助动词/系动词/情态动词eg, I dont like enjoy singing, nor/neither do I like computers. Rock music is OK, and so is skiing. I like skiing. So does my brother. Her mother isnt a teacher.- Neither/nor is my mother.4. surf the Internet= go online 10.上网imagine doing sth. 设想做11.explain sth. to sb. 向某人解释12.sothat 如此以致于eg, Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends.13.One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes.when正在突然，就在那是14.play=act 扮演 eg, Tom Hanks plays a man named Chuck Noland.15.hunt for=look for 寻找make a fire生火 on fire着火了16.in order to do sth.=so as to do sth. 为了 develop a friendship with sb. 增进友谊even though=even if即使 though conj（连词）.&adv. although conj.17.treat sb./sth. As把当作.share happiness and sorrow 分享快乐与忧伤share sth. with/among/between sb.18.care about 关心，介意，在乎eg, It is important to have someone to care about.care for 喜欢；照顾eg, I dont care for football. She cares for her sick mother.19.make friends with sb.与某人交朋友 for example such as例如20.help sb. do/to do sth.帮助某人做tell lies说谎21.regard as把当作.regard/treatas be regarded as eg, Many people keep dogs as pets because dogs are regarded as loyal friends to people.22.make e-pals/key pals 交笔友You guessed it! 你猜对了 have fun玩的愉快23. drop sb. a line 写信给某人 error/mistake 错误1. Error is a more formal word than mistake. Eg, Your homework is full of mistakes/errors(fml).2. Error(literary) is something used to suggest something that is morally wrong.Eg, the errors of his youth3. In certain fixed phrases only one of the two words can be used.Eg, an error of judgment by mistake24.keep in mind=remember 记住as short as possible尽可能的短25.direct and indirect speech直接与间接引语human beings（cn）have fun玩的开心，开玩笑，玩乐stop doing停止手头上的事/to do停止手头上的事而去做另一件事=be fond of , like, enjoy, love喜欢. Dislike, hate, dont like/enjoy/love 不喜欢love/like doing/to do, enjoy doing, hate doing, be fond of , be into sth. be into survive the crash从灾难中幸存make fire 生火 light a fire 点火catch a fire 着火（动作）set fire to=set sth on fire 给。点上be on fire 着火（表状态）26.for example，例如such as, all over the world 全世界27.a deserted island在荒岛上.learn a lesson from从学到教训28.ood friend is someone who makes me happy.Friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take.Friendship helps us understand who we are, why we need each other what we can do for each other. He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends.Language points in Unit 2for the first time 第一次，the first time 首次，第一次（引导时间状语从句有连词的作用）1. There you are.你来了，行了，好了2. fly all the way direct from Seattle to London从西雅图直飞伦敦must 表示肯定猜测 eg, You must be very tired. Cant为其否定推测3. make oneself at home=be/feel at home别客气4. need to do sth需要做（实意动词） need do sth 必须做（情态动词）5. I mean 打算,意欲(to do sth),意味着(doing sth)6. got it = understand it 明白了7. on ones way back 在回去的路上8. forget to do sth忘记去做某事forget doing sth 忘了曾经做过某事(remember,regret类似用法)9. make up a dialogue= create a dialogue 编写对话10. I beg your pardon?抱歉11. not a bit =not at all , not a little = much , a little water, a bit of water12. native language=mother tongue母语13. in -situation 处于的情形、境遇、位置14. the majority of 大多数 in total=in all总共15. a number of; 许多the number of.的数量 in only fifty years在这仅仅五十年期间16. be equal to 相等的；胜任的eg, Tom is equal to John in height. He felt equal to carrying out the plan.17. except for; except; except that; besidesexcept for 除之外（前后指代的事物性质不同；整体不错而个别不足）eg, The movie was good except for the ending. Except for the chair, the room is empty. I know nothing about him except that he is from china. Everyone except John was able to answer.18. develop into发展成，发育成 19. on /over /through the radio通过收音机 talk with /to sb和某人谈论20. communicate with sb.与通信；取得联系eg, You can use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet. communicate +n. + to + n.传达；通知eg, He communicated his intention to me.21. with +object +doing/done /to do(with复合结构)eg, With so many people communicating in English every day, 22. have a (good/bad/poor) knowledge of - 具有(丰富)的知识；熟知eg, It will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English.23. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人某事24. know about 了解，知道 25. 发生come about （逐渐发生）, happen, occur（偶然发生）, take place（按计划发生） , break out（战争，火灾，疾病等的发生）(均无被动)26. sand still=not to move 站着不动27. put -on the peg把挂在钉子/钩子上28. stay up熬夜 in the same way 同样just as 正像29. end up with 以什么结束start with以什么开始30. tell the differences between -and -说出和的区别Makedifferent from 使与不同31. come about=happen; take place，break out发生32. There is no quick answer to this question. 对这一问题不能很快做出答复.33. while 表示转折 written English书面语spoken English口语34. stay vi. +adj./keep 保持more or less 或多或少,大约,at (the)least,至少 at(the) most至多35. borrow sth. from -; take -from-借36. have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.做困难have difficulty with sth. 在方面有困难37. bring in引进 over the centuries经过数个世纪38. have difficulty/trouble/problem in doing sth在做某事方面有些困难have difficulty with sth 在某方面有困难39. a great many =a good many = a (large) number of +可数名词plenty of 可数或不可数名词a great deal of 不可数名词eg, a great many students 40. keep/ stay in touch with sb与某人保持联系Language Points in Unit 31. means of transportation交通方式 by means of 通过的方式by no means决不,一点也不 by all means一定,务必,尽一切可能2. consider +doing/+n.考虑做 consider +n. +to be+n./adj.认为,看作consider +that clause认为 eg, We considered his suggestion.He is considering studying abroad. I consider him to be my best friend.He considers himself intelligent. We consider the question solved. She considers it impolite to talk while eating. I considered that the news was false.3. boarding calls 登机广播 to experience life/nature 感受,体验生活/自然4. get away from摆脱,离开keep sb/sth away from sb/sth使某人某物不靠近某人某物run away突然从某人处逃走, take away 从某处移开移去5. Instead of spending your vacation on a bus, in a hotel or sitting on the beach, you may want to try hiking. 代替,替代6. get close to nature接近自然 take exercise锻炼at the same time同时7. in time及时地适时地, on time 准时地按时地, in the future在将来 , in the past在过去8. be like怎样, in the future在将来, in future从今以后9. what do you think adventure travel is?插入语后应该用陈述语序10. watch out for dangers, look out for, take care of , be careful of小心危险 11. protect from保护避免受之苦 protect yourself from the sun防晒prevent (from),stop (from) , keepfrom 阻止.12. As with hiking, you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes.正如徒步远足,你应该时刻考虑到安全并且穿合适的衣服13. meet new friends结交新朋友,try new kinds of food尝试新食物,experience life体验生活,get away from cold weather 逃离寒冷的天气14. wear a life jacket穿救生衣 a quick look浏览15. separatefrom把和阁开/分开 instead of 代替,替代spend ones vacation渡假16. in a few days time几天之后hiking is a great way to travel.远足是一种伟大的旅游方式17. get close to nature靠近自然 V+ close to , walk close to , go close to 18. see sb. off为送行 along a river.沿着河流, go for sth=go doing去19. take a taxi打的, paddle down顺流划下,fallen tree倒伏的树20. say hi to sb. for me带我向某人问好21. The name “whitewater” comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly.同位语从句22. used to do过去常常 as (it is the same )with doing正如23. think about , 考虑think over仔细考虑 handle the raft操纵木筏24. get in the raft ,上木筏get out of the raft下木筏25. unless 除非,如果不 = if 引导条件状语从句的否定形式 You shouldnt go rafting unless you know how to swim.If you dont know how to swim, you shouldnt go rafting.26. a form of的形式 be off to =leave for 离开去27. on separate holidays在各自渡假 28. in a few days = in a few days time几天之后 in+一段时间表示将来29. combine with/and使和结合，形成一体30. on (the) one hand, on the other hand 一方面，另一方面31. say”hi” /”hello” /”goodbye” /”sorry” to sb1 for sb2 代sb2向sb1说32. the same to you 你也一样,表示两者情况相似33. as well as 除之外还，和，也。常用来连接两个相同的成分，强调前者。当其连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数应与前一个主语保持一致。Eg, My friend Bill is good at science as well as arts at school. Li Lei as well as his friends is going boating next Sunday.34. By staying at hotels in Red River Village, tourists can help the villagers make money so that they can take care of the river and the birds.by用作介词，表示“用方式，凭借手段”，接动词ing形式eg, One learns a language by making mistakes and correcting them.so that通常用来引导目的状语从句，意思是“为了，以便于”， 从句的谓语动词通常与情态动词连用。Eg, Roses need special care so that they can live through winter.35. （1）used to表示过去的习惯性动作，过去如此，现在不再这样了。常译作“过去常常”。如：He used to play basketball when he was young. 他年轻的时候常常打篮球。There used to be an apple tree here. 过去这儿曾经有棵苹果树。（2）be used to do表示“被用来做某事”。如：Wood is often used to make desks and chairs. 木头常常被用来制作桌椅。（3）be used to doing /n. 表示“习惯于”某一客观事实或状态，不强调动作，to是介词，后面接名词或动名词。如：He is used to hard work. 他习惯于艰苦的工作。She is not used to eating Chinese food. 她不习惯吃中餐。35. do for pleasure /fun做.为了玩乐36. protect environment /take care of environment保护环境37. on the other hand, 另一方面travel /study / do responsibly负责任地做什么the way, the way that, the way in which做的方式/the way of doing, the way to do38. one of pl(复)，其中之一，not only, but (also)不但，而且enjoy life 享受生活39. , keep in mind, 记住catch up with, 赶上take care of ,照顾，小心，保护40. reach out ,伸出share with/and , 和分享41. nor/ neither否定词位于句首句子倒状42. make a wonderful memory 留下美好回忆Unit 4 Language PointsNew words and expressions1. be upon 逼近，临近eg, The snowstorm was upon us. The Christmas holiday will soon be upon us.2. before 在之前，还没来得及eg, He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation before it got worse. Several days had gone by before I realized the painting was missing.3. struggle vi. 努力；挣扎；奋斗；挣扎这进行；艰苦进行 take up the struggle 开始斗争 struggle to ones feet 挣扎着站起来 struggle + with/against +n. 挣扎；（与）搏斗；努力，奋斗eg, He struggled with the thief for a while. He has been struggling with/against illness for many years. Struggle against difficulties/death/illness/nature/strong winds struggle + for +n./ to do 为而挣扎，努力Eg, The trapped fox struggled violently to get free. He has been struggling for success in his business. Struggle for a living/freedomn.竞争；努力；奋斗c.eg, the struggle for existence Dont give up without a struggle.4. strike vt & vi. (struck, struck/stricken)1) 可用来做“（自然灾害、疾病等）袭击”解释，相当于have a bad effect on, 此时常用作及物动词。Hit也可用来表示这个意思。Eg, That area was struck/hit by a lightning. He was struck/hit by a lightning. Scientists are afraid that one day an even bigger earthquake will strike/hit the area around San Francisco. He was hard hit by financial losses.2) 可做“打、击、敲、撞、咬”等多种解释。Eg, The father was so angry that he struck the boy in the face. The clock has just struck twelve. Strike while iron is hot. His foot struck against a stone.She was struck by a snake while walking in the grass.3) 还可表示“给某人很深的印象、打动”。Eg, The visitors were struck by the beauty of the West Lake. I was struck by what he said.The first thing that strikes foreign visitors is the great number of bicycles in the streets.打，殴，敲，击；施以（打击）；把（斧头、钉子等）打进；刺，戳；碰上，撞上；碰撞；突然想到（某人、主意、构想等）；（疾病、灾害等）突然袭击；（光）射入（眼中），（声音）敲进（耳里），（气味）扑（鼻）； 擦（火柴）；（擦火柴）点（火）；（时钟）敲报（时间）； （用乐器）敲响（声音）； 打动（某人）的心；给予印象；偶然发现，碰到（东西、道路等）；（要求/反对而）罢工；使突然产生（恐怖、忧虑等）；朝向，往；签订，缔结（合同、交易等）；结算（收支）eg, He struck the man with a stick. Strike while the iron is hot. Who struck the first blow? The man struck him a heavy blow.Ive struck my head on/ against the top of the doorway.The troops struck out at the enemy taking advantage of the darkness.The ship struck (against/on) the rock. I struck on the idea yesterday.A very big earthquake struck that county many years ago.An acid smell struck my nose. The boy was struck dumb with amazement.strike a match, strike a light The clock struck eight.strike a not on the piano Three oclock has just struck.A good idea struck me. It struck me that she was accusing me.How did the plan strike you? I was struck by its beauty.The idea strikes me as stupid. The room struck damp and cold.I struck the right path at last.strike gold发现金矿They are striking for better working conditions.The news struck terror into the townspeople.The two companies struck a bargain yesterday.5. fightfight over/for +n. 为战斗fight with each other over sbs favours 为邀某人之宠而相互斗争They are fighting for liberation.fight +against/with +n. 与战斗eg, They fought against/ with the enemy fiercely.fight + (against) +n. （与）搏斗，（与）对抗Eg，He fought (against) cancer and lived to be eighty.fight (against ) poverty/ oppression 对抗贫穷、压迫fight a fire 扑灭火灾、救火6. shake 1) 抖动，震动eg, The house shook when the earthquake started. She was shaking with anger. His heavy steps shook the room.2) 摇动 vt. Eg, Shake the bottle before taking the medicine.3) 颤动 vi.Eg, His hands shook a little as he wrote. His voice shook with emotion.4) 常用短语shake hand with sb. Shake sbs hand Shake sb. By the handEg, He shook hands warmly with me. He shook my hand warmly. =He shook me warmly by the hand.Language points in Unit 41. get the chance to do sth.得到做的机会2. take place 发生3. be caught in 被困住，突然遭遇上4. It is clear to sb. that5. a team of people 6. promise to do sth. promise sb. to do sth promise sb. sth.= promise sth. to sb. 承诺/允许做 7. for fun为了开心8. for a very long time很长一段时间9. well done干的好10. save sb. from a terrible earthquake 把某人从地震中拯救出来11. be on fire着火（状态） catch fire着火（动作）12. Im afraid to do sth.我恐怕13. It scares me吓坏我了14. Before she could move, she heard a loud noise, which grew to a terrible roar.还没来的及动，她就听到了一股巨大的噪音，这噪音之后变成了恐怖的怒吼。15. wave ones arms挥舞手臂16. There she saw a wall of water that was quickly advancing towards her.她发现一堵墙似的洪流向她奔涌而来。17. be upon逼近18. sweep down冲走19. pull up 把往上拽；（车）停，使停止；拔出，拔掉（杂草）；制止（某人的行动）；使（科学的成绩等）进步，迎头赶上；责备、申斥（某人）eg, She didnt pull her car up at a red light.20. hold on to 紧靠21. a tree grow against the wall靠墙长着的树22. get on ones feet（挣扎着）站起来23. fight for ones life为了生存做斗争24. look into ones face with a look of fright 看着某人的脸露出惊恐的神色。25. Tree after tree went down, cut down by the water, which must have been three metres deep.洪水想必深达3米，树一棵接一棵地倒下，被洪水冲断了。26. go through通过，穿过27. It didnt take long before在之前不会太久28. go on a holiday去度假29. go on a two-day trip 去两天的旅游30. climb all the way up the mountain一路向上爬31. take photos of sb.为某人照相32. in a second立刻，一会儿33. It is fun to do sth.做很好玩Language points in Unit 51. While still a student, she played roles in many plays.1) while still a student =while she was still a student.在英语中有些表示时间、条件式或让步等的从句有时可省略一些成分：如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致（或者从句的主语是it），而且从句谓语中又包含be，那么这个主语和be动词都可省略。Eg, Dont talk while (you are )eating.When (he was )asked how he gained first place, he suddenly became cheerful. If (they are ) operated by computer in the future, many of the trains will have no drivers. Although (it was ) sold by a German company for the first time in 1899, aspirin has been around much longer than that. They looked around the room as if (they were ) looking for something. The boys will go out to play football whenever (it is ) possible.2) play a role in在扮演角色eg, a leading role The U.N. plays an important role in international relations.2. Meryl Streep made her first film, called Julia in 1977. 过去分词短语called Julia在句中作非限制性定语，相当于一个非限制性定语从句which was called Julia.Eg, Yellowstone, located largely in the northwest of Wyoming, became the worlds first national park in 1872.The film Raise the Red Lanterns, directed by Zhang Yimou and starring Gong Li, tells the story of a rich family.3. win the Theater World Award as Best Actress/a prize for her role in a playwin vi. &vt.赢，获胜; vt. 赢得，获得（胜利、奖赏、名声等）eg, By his hard work he won himself the position of manager. =Hard work won him the position of manager. He won 50 dollars at cards. The ruling party won a fine victory in the election. He won by five points. Our team won the game 8 to 7.win over vt. （可分开用）把（人）说服， 争取过来（ton）使接受eg, We tried to win him over to our view. 我们试图说服他接受我们的观点。4. marry; be married (to sb.) vi.; get married (to sb.) vi.;marriage与某人结婚eg, He married a classmate from high school. She married young/late in her life. Father Brown married them. Vt.（牧师）主持的婚礼 He married off his daughter to a doctor. Vt. 使（与）结婚；把（女儿）嫁（给） The old couple have already been married for fifty years. She got married to a man from her hometown.5. get/obtain/receive a (doctors/masters/bachelors) degree获得（博士、硕士、学士）学位degree 程度；度；学位；（形容词、副词的）级eg, To what degree is he wealthy? We can believe his story to a certain degree.He has a high degree of ability in English. at 45 degree north在北纬45度 At how many degrees centigrade does iron become a liquid? a comparative degree比较级by degrees 逐渐地，渐渐地 eg, She is getting better by degrees.to a degree 大大地，非常地；到某个程度，稍微 to the last degree 极端地6. at the speed of以的速度 at a/the speed of 60 km per hourwith (great) speed 高速 eg, The time sped quickly.7. in the beginning; in the endin the end最后，终于， 表示经过许多变化、困难和捉摸不定的情况后某事才发生 eg, He worked hard. In the end he succeeded.We looked everywhere and in the end we found the key