9E燃机极好的学习资料ppt课件

Page1,9E燃机极好的学习资料,Page2,Index目录,GasTurbinePrinciple&GeneralIntroduction燃机原理及概况2.GasTurbineStructure燃机本体结构3.GasTurbineAccessorySystems燃机附属系统4.GasTurbineControlSystem燃机控制系统GasTurbineShipmentWeight&Dimension燃机运输重量及尺寸6.GasTurbineErectionProcedure燃机安装步骤7.GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure燃机调试规程8.GasTurbinePerformanceProcedure燃机性能试验规程,Page3,Physics,PrincipleofConservationofMass:massin=massout(OpenSystem)PrincipleofConservationofEnergy:energyin=energyoutenergymaybetransformedfromoneformtoanother(PowerPlantconvertsChemicaltoThermaltoMechanicaltoElectricalEnergy),Page4,FirstLawofThermodynamics,Q=727MW,W=281MW,Example:9FBEnergyBalance,DH4-1=446MW,Where:DH=totalenthalpychangefluidenteringsystemQ=netthermalenergyflowingintosystemduringprocessW=networkdonebythesystem,GeneralEnergyEquationenergyin=energyout,orQ=W+DH,Page5,SecondLawofThermodynamics,-AmountofenergywhichisunavailabletodoworkAmeasureofdisorder,Entropy:,BasicPrinciple:Heatmovesfromhottocold,Page6,Note:sdenotesentropy,IdealBraytonCycleGasTurbineApplication,Page7,RealBraytonCycleCompressionandTurbineExpansionInefficiencies,TypicalValuesforGETurbinesCompressorEfficiency0.86-0.89TurbineEfficiency0.90-0.93,Page8,RealBraytonCyclePressureLosses-Inlet,Combustor,Exhaust,TypicalValuesforTurbineInletPressureLoss3”H2OExhaustBackPressure(SC)5.5”H2OExhaustBackPressure(CC)15”H2ODLNCombustor6-7%DP/P,Inlet,Exhaust,Combustor,2,3,1,4,Page9,RealBraytonCycleParasiticFlowsforTurbineCooling,Entropy,Temperature,CompressorDischargePressure,AmbientPressure,Compression,Expansion,HeatAddition,HeatRejection,CombustorDP,ExhaustDP,InletDP,Stg1Cooling,Stg2Cooling,Stg3Cooling,Stg1NozzleCooling,4,1,2,3,Page10,COMPRESSOR,Entropy,TheTURBINEtransformsthermalenergyintomechanicalenergy(34)usedfordrivingtheCompressor&Generator,BraytonCycleGasTurbine,Page11,Worldwideheavy-dutyGasTurbinemanufacturers,Page12,EvolutionofGEGasTurbines,7FA,7B,FirstaircooledbucketFiringT1000C,FiringT1250C,Page13,EvolutionofMHIGasTurbines,Page14,Line-UpofMHIGasTurbine,Page15,TheEfficiencyandPowerOutputofMHIGasTurbine,Page16,MHI701F/701GGasTurbinefeatures,Page17,SiemensGasTurbines,Page18,SiemensSGT5-4000F(V94.3A),Page19,AlstomGT26GasTurbineFeatures,Page20,AlstomGasTurbineCombinedCycle(50Hz&60Hz),Page21,典型F级机组和E级机组的性能及参数,表1：F级简单循环燃气轮机的参考性能（ISO标准参考条件）,注*：这是透平参考进口温度，即透平第一级喷嘴前的温度。,Page22,表2：由F级燃气轮机组成的联合循环机组的参考性能（ISO标准参考条件）,Page23,表3：E级简单循环燃气轮机的参考性能（ISO标准参考条件）,Page24,表4:由E级燃气轮机组成的联合循环机组的参考性能（ISO标准参考条件）,Page25,GEGasTurbines,9FAatHorizontalAssembly,Page26,Combustion,Turbine,MajorGasTurbineComponents,AirInlet,GasExhaust,ColdEnd,HotEnd,Fuel,Page27,GEGasTurbinesFamily:EvolutionsandPerformances,Page28,ShorterLaunchCyclesTechnologymaturesfaster,19867F1260Tfire,19919F1260Tfire,19927FA1288Tfire,19946FA1288Tfire,ScaleFactor=0.69,19967FA+1316Tfire,19977FA+e1327Tfire,19979FA+e1327Tfire,20016FA+e1327Tfire,ScaleFactor=1.2,20007FB1370+Tfire,20029FB1396Tfire,SIZE(ScalingFactor),(Technology,Materials),FiringTemperature,EvolutionofClassFGasTurbines,5230RPMGearedMachinesfor50or60Hz,19929FA1288Tfire,3000RPM50HzMachines,3600RPM60HzMachines,Page29,Compressor,Multi-stages,AxialcompressorThroughBoltedDiscAssyCastCompressorCasingsIGVforflowcontrol(1stageIGVforE/Fclass)AirdischargedtoCombustors,Page30,CombustionSystem,CanAnnularReverseFlowChambersDualFuelCapability(Gas-Liquid)DryLowNOx,Standard,orLowBTUCombustionSystems,Water/Steaminjectionforemissionabatement,Page31,3StageTurbine,AircooledBladesandNozzles,TipshroudedBlades,Turbine(AircooledGT),RotorAssembly=BoltedDiscs&Spacers,Page32,Page33,SiemensSGT6-5000F,Page34,FiringTemperatureGEDefinedatN1TrailingEdge,N1,N2,N3,B1,B2,B3,TurbineExitFlow,Nozzle/WheelspaceCoolingAir(Chargeable),FiringPlane,Combustor,Combustor&N1CoolingAir(Non-Chargeable),Bucket/WheelspaceCoolingAir(Chargeable),Page35,CombinedCycleT-SDiagram,5,/,CombinedBraytonandRankinCycle,T,S,HeatSource,HeatSink,COMPRESSION,EXPANSION,HRSG,GASTURBINE,TOPPINGCYCLE,BOTTOMINGCYCLE,STACK,TEMPERATURE,ENTROPY,COMBUSTION,CONDENSER,EXPANSION,Page36,GasTurbineCycleConfigurations,Page37,PowerTrainCenterLineEquipmentVariations,Generatoronthehot(Turbine)sideofGTUsedpriorto1990sShaftdrivenaccessoriesComplexpackaging,Generatoronthecold(Compressor)sideofGTModernF-classarrangementElectricmotordrivenaccessoryskidsModularpackaging,HotEndDrive(priorto1990s)AppliedtoFrames51P,6B,7EA,9E,ColdEndDriveAppliedtoFrames6FA,7FA/FB,9FA/FB,7H,9H,ComplexSingle-ShaftPowerTrain,Page38,ExamplesofCombineCyclePlantArrangements,Multi-shaftCC2gasturbines+1steamturbine,Single-shaftCC,Page39,EnergyUtilization/LossinCombinedCyclePowerPlant,Page40,9FAGasTurbinePowerPlantGeneralLayout,Page41,9FAGasTurbinePowerPlantGeneralLayout,Page42,9EGasTurbineGeneralLayout,Mark*VIeControlSystem-Hardware,GEGasTurbineControls,Page44,100MBEthernet,UnitDataHighway(EGD,NTP),PlantDataHighway(TCP/IP,OPC,GSM,Modbus,PIServer,DNP3.0),Controller(s),Operator&MaintenanceStations(HMI),Ethernet,Ethernet,System1ConditionMonitoring,HistorianOSIPI,TurbineI/O,Driven-LoadI/O,RemoteI/O,RotatingMachineryControl,ProcessI/O,ProcessI/O,RemoteI/O,ProcessControl,Controller(s),PTPIEEE1588,100MBEthernet,PTPIEEE1588,MKVIeArchitecture,TCPPanel,Page45,TurbineControl1991,7FAGasTurbine,IndustrialSteam,9HCombinedCycle,Turbine/PlantControl1997,Governor/PlantControl2003,NetworkedI/O,100MBEthernet/Fiber,Governors,Hydro,Wind,VMEBackplane,Ethernet,WIndows,ProprietaryDesign,MarkV,MarkVI,MarkVIe,EvolutionofControlSystem,Page46,MKVIeEnhancement,Dual,Triple,FlexibleRedundancy,Page47,MKVIeTMRFeatures,TMRconfiguration,ControllerredundancyI/OpackredundancyTerminalboardredundancylocaltransimitters/transducers2-oo-3votingfordigitalinputsAnaloginputsvoting,Page48,MKVIeHardware,Controllers,PowerSupplies,IONetSwitches,FieldWiringVerticalChannelsTop&BottomCabinetAccessBarrierBlocksPluggable(2)3.0mm2(#12AWG)wires/pt,TCPOutline,Page49,MKVIeHardware,TCPControllerRack,MainProcessorBoardCompactPCIQNXOperatingSystemUnitDataHighway,EthernetIONet100MBEthernet,OptionalSecondProcessor,PowerSupply,Processor650MHz1.66GHzCache256kbytes1MbyteRam128Mbytes256MbytesFlash128Mbytes128MbytesCommunicationDual10/100FullDuplexEthernetPower18to32Vdc,Page50,MKVIeHardware,I/OPacksPlugintoMkVITerminationBoardsBarrier&BoxTypeTBs,Processor32BitRISCCPU266MHzCache32kbytesRam32MbytesFlash16MbytesCommunicationDual10/100FullDuplexEthernetPower28Vdc,TCPI/OPacks,Page51,MKVIeSoftware,TooloboxSTisthesoftwaretoolforI/Odefinition,EGDconfiguration,andcontrolstrategyprogramming.,EGDConfiguration,ControlLogicSheet,ToolboxSTconfigurationsoftware,Page52,CimplicityisthetoolusedforHMI(human-maninterface)displayandeditor,OperationMenu,Pushbutton,LiveData,StatusFeedback,Setpoint,AlarmWindow,CimplicityHMIDisplayEditor,MKVIeSoftware,Page53,9FAGasTurbineWeight&Dimension,9FAComponentWeightsandDimensions,a.Heaviestpiecetobehandledduringerection:kg:285,000b.Heaviestpiecetobehandledduringmaintenance:kg77,500c.Shippingweightofheaviestpiece:kg288,000Turbine,Page54,9EGasTurbineWeight&Dimension,a.Heaviestpiecetobehandledduringerection:kg:207,000b.Heaviestpiecetobehandledduringmaintenance:kg49,611GTrotorc.Shippingweightofheaviestpiece:kg208,000Turbine,9EComponentWeightsandDimensions,Page55,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,安装过程包含了通用电气MS9001FA燃气轮机所有设备、模块、管路、电缆在现场的运输吊装、就位、固定和安装的操作。,1基础准备基础准备包括燃气轮机、发电机和辅助模块的基础，迸气系统和排气系统的基础与附属模块的基础三部分。,2燃机主设备的安装,(1)安装燃气轮机和发电机的理想方法是配备一台起重机，或者方法就是利用滑动装置，从卡车上滚动到基础上然后就位。(2)燃气轮机的就位先在基础上放好燃机底部各类键销的固定架，再将燃气轮机吊装就位并搁置在底板和薄垫片上，调整薄垫片直至正确的中心线高度。,Page56,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,2燃机主设备的安装,(3)安装负荷联轴节(入口端)建议采用干冰冷套的方法。安装时螺栓的紧固要求是测量螺栓的伸长量。(4)发电机的就位安装取下发电机上的锁定装置,提高约25.4mm的距离(往换向器一端的方向)。在发电机的底板放置球面垫圈和垫片层，调整薄垫片直至正确的中心线高度。(5)盘车装置的安装安装人员应该对所有的螺栓进行装配和扭矩加载测试。,(6)燃气轮机排气扩压段安装先布置好排气扩压段两侧的弹簧支架，用吊车将排气扩压段吊装到弹簧支架上，穿入与排缸连接的垂直面的螺栓，待调整好开口间隙后再紧固此部分螺栓，以减少对燃气轮机本体的附加应力。安装排气扩压段和外壳之间的绝缘材料。,Page57,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,2燃机主设备的安装,(7)最终的定位操作首先应该将发电机与燃气轮机、盘车装置与发电机之间的位置确定好，然后根据要求进行设备的找正找中心工作。注意事项：在进行最终的定位操作之前，排气扩压段应该装配在燃气轮机上。,3安装辅助模块,(1)安装辅助模块在基础底板上安装辅助模块。此模块包含润滑油箱、润滑油过滤器、润滑油泵和马达、润滑油冷却器、液压控制油泵和马达、液压蓄电池、密封油泵、提升油泵、润滑油蒸汽去雾器和过滤器、气体燃料设备。并按照厂商的说明书来定位油泵和马达。,注意事项：辅助模块的基础上没有地脚螺栓。此模块被设计安装在底板上，它包括一个定位销和一个导向销，可以向一端滑动，以补偿热膨胀。模块上的中心定位销靠近燃气轮机端。,Page58,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,3安装辅助模块,(2)安装燃料和雾化空气的模块及电气控制室(PEECC)。注意事项：液体燃料和雾化空气模块安装在6个支撑腿上。PEECC模块安装在8个支撑腿上。,(3)安装注水模块、消防模块、水冷却模块、液体燃料前置模块、空气处理器模块、水洗模块等六个模块。,(4)安装冷却风扇模块。(5)安装LCI和励磁机、绝缘触发变压器、总线辅助室。(6)安装和装配封闭母线,Page59,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,4罩壳和平台的安装(1)基础划线，并布置与安装罩壳底部和第一层框架。(2)安装发电机和燃气轮机罩壳：依次安装上部框架和面板。注意此处有封闭母线出线排的管道与其他的管道，应和罩壳一起安装。(3)安装排气风扇和阻尼器，安装通道、平台和楼梯。同时在燃气轮机和发电机的护栏底部安装一个防止老鼠啃咬的装置。,5安装空气进气系统(1)安装空气进气室的强制通风系统(2)安装空气进气风道系统注意事项：安装人员应该确保风道之间的所有接合面都是防水的或者密封的。(3)安装空气进气过滤室注意事项:安装精细过滤筒一般在机组第一次运行前30天进行。,Page60,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,6排气烟道的安装(1)布置好排气烟道的底部钢结构。(2)装配和焊接排气烟道的四个部分，上面两部分和下面两部分应该在水平连接处通过螺栓连接法兰盘来进行定位。,(3)在排气烟道的外表安装保温材料。(4)安装排气扩散段和排气烟道之间的膨胀节。膨胀节是由两个拼装而成的不锈钢环搭接组成的。注意事项：排气烟道和锅炉进口烟道之间的膨胀节应该由锅炉制造商提供并安装。,Page61,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,7基础上的管道安装在安装燃气轮机发电机时，一般由通用电气公司提供各种on-base部分的管道(包括支撑架、调节装置和各种仪器)。注意事项：如果部分管道在出厂之前已经装配到燃气轮机上了，那么剩下的管道和管件一般是装在集装箱中运抵现场。此部分的部件号码在集装箱内的管件储放柜上有明显标示，每根管道上也有标记牌，便于安装前清点。,8基础外的管道安装Off-base的管道一般是指外部设备(非GE供货)与GE模块或燃气轮机、发电机之间的管道，以及部分GE模块与主设备之间的管路。管路系统设计由业主委托设计院完成，施工单位进行施工。安装水和二氧化碳管道和液体燃料管道，空气进气加热管道，排放管，水洗管道，消防管道和放空管共七种。警告：在对任何管道和部件进行焊接之前，应该确保所有的设备都已经正确接地了，这样可避免出现过大的电流。在对设备进行焊接操作时，应尽量使接地点靠近工作位置。,Page62,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,9装配电气部分安装各个电气控制元件包括所有导线、管道、仪表、控制装置、接线盒和电气材料的安装，这些材料用在燃气轮机、发电机、电气控制室(PEECC)、辅助模块和液体燃料雾化空气模块上。注意：只有在被允许的前提下才能安装与连接从发电机至主变的封闭母线。,10基础外的模块上的电气安装根据GE的安装图纸来安装所有的控制设备和仪表(压力和温度开关、测仪表、振动开关、液位指示、低位开关报警器)。,11安装业主购买的电气设备,由业主提供的十种电气设备：天然气测量管和测量孔，低量程压差计，高量程压差计，压力变送器，天然气测量热电偶，天然气监测系统，进气传感器和排气传感器,湿度传感器性能监视器和发电机出线等。,Page63,GasTurbineErectionProcedure,12其它设备的电气安装和6.6kV的VAC电源(BOP)13电力供应：安装人员负责提供动力电缆,连接GE公司提供的设备和业主提供的设备14辅助动力装置(66kV4125VAC)：安装辅助动力电缆和互连导线,15辅助总线/LCI室：安装互连导线。,Page64,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure9FA,Page65,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page66,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page67,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page68,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page69,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page70,GasTurbineCommissioningProcedure,Page71,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,ThePurpose:tomeasuretheperformanceofthegasturbine-generatorunitsinaccordancewiththepurchasecontract.Theevaluationprocedure:Toutilizecorrectionfactorstotranslatethemeasuredperformanceatthetestconditionstotheratedconditions3.Theperformancetestinternationalstandard:SimpleCycle:ASMEPTC22CombinedCycle:ASMEPTC464.Theperformancespecifications:PowerOutputxxx,xxxkWHeatRate,LHVxxx,xxxkJ/kWhGasTurbineExhaustTemperaturexxx.xCGasTurbineExhaustAvailableEnergyxxx.xGJ/hr,Page72,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,5.RatedConditionsAmbientairtemperaturexxoCAmbientairrelativehumidityxx%Barometricpressurex.xxxbar(xx.xxpsi)GasTurbineShaftSpeedxxxxrpmGeneratorpowerfactorx.xx(lagging)GasturbineconditionsNewandClean,xxxFiredHoursInletsystempressuredrop(contractratedconditions)xx.xmmH2O(xinH2O)Exhaustsystempressuredrop(contractratedconditions)xxx.xmmFuelNaturalGasFuelsupplytemperaturexxxoC(xxx.xoF)Fuelcomposition%volumeNitrogen(N2)xx.xxMethane(CH4)xx.xxEthane(C2H6)xx.xxPropane(C3H8)xx.xxFuellowerheatingvaluexx,xxx,Page73,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,6.DivisionofTestResponsibilitiesTestActivityConductingPartyWitnessingPartyPreparethethermalperformancetestprocedureProvidespecialinstrumentationasspecifiedhereinProvidesuitablecontainersforthecollectionoffuelsamplesPerformrequiredstationinstrumentationcalibrationchecksWitness/AssiststationinstrumentationcalibrationchecksInstallspecialtestinstrumentationDirecttheinstallationofspecialtestinstrumentationObtaincalibrationrecordsand/orflowsectiondimensionsforthefuelflowsectionExecuteoftestprogramWitnessexecutionoftestprogramProvidecopiesofpertinentmeasureddatatoinvolvedpartiesArrangeforthirdpartyanalysisoffuelsamplesRemovespecialtestinstrumentationCalculatecorrectedperformanceresultsandprovidepreliminaryresultsIssuethefinaltestreport,Page74,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,7.MeasurementandInstrumentationPerformancetestdataareoftwoclasses:PrimaryDatausedforperformancetestcalculationsSecondaryDatanotusedforperformancetestcalculations,butrequiredforreferenceordiagnosticpurposes,8.Pre-TestPreparationAnoff-linewaterwashofthegasturbinecompressorThecalibrationandproperoperationofthecontrolsystempertinentstationinstrumentationandmeasurementdevices,andrecordingsystemswillbeverified,9.ConductingtheTestForeachunit,aminimumofthree(3)testrunsperratedcaselistedwillbeconducted.,Page75,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,Inaccordancewithparagraph3.3.4ofASMEPTC22-1997:Eachtestrunwillbeconductedoverathirty(30)minutetimeperiod.Manualdatawillberecordedatleastfive(5)minuteintervalsElectroniccontrolsystemanddataacquisitiondatawillberecordedatleastone(1)minuteintervalsAsaminimum,asetoftwo(2)fuelsampleswillbetakenatthebeginningandendofeachtestrunAlldatafiles,electronicand/orcopiesofthemanualdatahardcopysheetsrelevantforperformancetestingandevaluationpurposeswillbegiventothewitnessingpartyimmediatelyafterthetest.DeviationsfromtheprocedureinanyaspectofthetestprogramshouldbediscussedbytheConductingPartyandtheWitnessingParty.,EvaluationCalculationformulacheckandconfirmationThecorrectioncurveswillbeusedtoaccountforthedifferencebetweentheratedvalueandthemeasuredvalueforeachparameter,Page76,GasTurbinePerformanceTestProcedure,PerformanceCorrectionCurvesExamples,CompressorInletTemperaturevs.OutputCompressorInletRelativeHumidityvs.OutputBarometricPressurev