牛津英语(广州版)8下U1-U4期中考试复习资料.doc

期中复习（Unit1Unit4）Unit 1 的单词，短语、句型以及重要知识点的复习一、短语21. 在岁时at the age of2. 代替 in place of/ instead of3. 付出代价 at a price 4. 为某事感激某人be grateful/thankful to sb for sth5. 电视播放的on television6. 对某人要求严格be strict with sb7. 上钢琴课take/have piano lessons8. 病倒 fall ill9. 对负责be responsible for10. 从那时起from then on11. 放弃 give up12. 我们时代的of our time(s)13. 获得奖项win/get/receive an award (for sth.)14. 玩得开心have fun15. 获得一个机会get a chance16. 表演，演出give a performance17. 例如such as18. 在许多大型活动 at many huge events19. 鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do sth20. 西方古典音乐western classical music21. 钢琴天才piano prodigy22. 对感到好奇be curious about23. an experiment on 关于的实验24. 找寻、思索search for25. 使发生;导致 lead to (led pt.)26. 厌倦；厌烦(做某事)be tired of doing sth27. 保护以免 protectfrom sth28. 被称为; 被称作 be known as29. 因为人所知be known for30. 在他的一生中during his lifetime 31. 使某人/某物怎样make sth./sb. + adj. 32. 建立；创建 set up33. 总是、一直is/ was always doing 34. 同时at the same time 35. 了解learn about36. 出生在某地be born in 37. 与无关have nothing to do with 38. 意味着做某事meaning doing sth39. 打算做某事mean to do40. 在做方面有天赋have a gift for doing sth41. 坚持做keep doing sth.42. 出于热爱for love43. 不再想某人；不再把某人放在心上forget about sb44. 得了吧come on45. 储蓄；攒钱save up46. 靠某人自己on ones own47. 帮助某人give sb a hand=help sb48. 共同的，共有的in common 49. 与平等be equal to50. 足够以至于能够做某事be adj. enough(for sb) to do51. 太以至于不能做某事be+ too+ adj.+ to do sth. 52. 对产生兴趣become interested in 53. 总计；总数in total=in all54. 历史上 in history55. 方面的专家an expert on/at/in56. 为而战fight for57. 为反对而战 fight against58. 提供帮助offer to help59. 被认为是be regarded as60. 从退休retire from二、词形转换responsibility (n.) - responsible (adj.)piano (n.) - pianist (n.)prodigious (adj.) - prodigy (n.)stun (n.) - stunning (adj.)west (n.) - western (adj.)classic (n.) - classical (adj.)music (n.) - musical (adj.)compete (v.) - competition (n.)succeed (v.) - success (n.) - successful (adj.)sudden (adj.) - suddenly (adv.)perform (v.) - performance (n.)encouragement (n.) - encourage (v.)talent (n.) - talented (adj.)invent (v.) - inventor (n.) - invention (n.)curiosity (n.) - curious (adj.)nature (n.) - natural (adj.) - naturally (adv.)improve (v.) - improvement (n.)science (n.) - scientist (n.)equip (v.) - equipment (n.)find (v.) - finding (n.)actual (adj.) - actually (adv.)develop (v.) - development (n.)efficiency (n.) - efficient (adj.)include (v.) - including (prep.)pave (v.) - pavement (n.)manage (v.) - manager (n.)intelligence (n.) - intelligent (adj.)confidence (n.) - confident (adj.)bravery (n.) - brave (adj.)determine (v.) - determined (adj.)design (v.) - designer (n.)三、语法1. I couldnt agree more. 我再同意不过了。即：我非常赞同。2. on television电视播放的，在电视上。类似的短语还有：on the radio, on the telephone3. be strict with sb: 对某人严格要求; be strict in sth.意为“对某事严格”。4. be curious about: 对感到好奇5. 助动词do/does/did+动词原形表示强调，意为“确实”，如：However,he did invent the lightning conductors. 然而，他确实发明了避雷针。6. include & including 包含，包括include前面要有主语的,是动词，做谓语Eg: Its a famous theme park and includes four different parks.The university includes ten colleges. 该大学有10个学院。 including 介词,一般用在逗号后面，这个是标志，或者是冒号的前面，总之，是用标点隔开用的. Eg: The band played many songs, including some of my favourites. 乐队演奏了许多歌曲，包括几首我最喜爱的。an arthropod family including: chalcidflies. 包括在节肢动物一族；小蜂科之蜂。7. the number of & a number of: the number of表示“的数量”，跟复数名词连用作主语时，中心词是number，谓语动词要用单数。eg: The number of students in our class is50我们班学生的数量是50人。 The number of pages in this book is 60这本书有60页。 a number of表示“许多”，相当于 many，修饰可数名词复数。作主语时，谓语动词用复数。number前可用large，small等修饰，以表示程度。 Eg: A number of students are planting trees on the hill许多学生在小山上植树。8. return to+n. 意为“回到”。但要注意：return home“回到家”，home前不用介词to，因为home是副词。9. win & beat beat=defeat 的宾语是人或队伍, 表示“打败”;win 的宾语不能是人，而是奖金，奖杯，比赛，战争等eg: win an award, win the competition, win first prize获得一等奖10. 过去进行时 构成： was / were + doing . was(第一、三人称单数)were(第二人称单数和各人称的复数) 用法：表示过去某一时刻或某阶段正在进行的状态或动作。 常与过去进行时连用的时间状语：at ten oclock last night, then, this time yesterday, at that time, from 8 to 9 last WednesdayEg: My mother was cooking dinner at 6 p.m. yesterday.He was cooking supper this time yesterday.(昨天这个时候他正在做晚饭) when，while 过去进行时常与when, while引导的时间状语从句连用，意思是当时。when后面既可跟延续性动词，也可跟瞬间动词，常用过去式while后面一般跟延续性动词，常用进行时；强调两个动作同时发生，或表示对比时只能用while。过去两个持续进行的动作，常用while 连接。一个持续进行的动作与一个短暂性的动作一起，持续的动作常用过去进行时态，短暂性的动作常用一般过去时态。Eg: The telephone rang when(while) I was taking a bath.All the students were sleeping soundly when the fire broke out. （此句中不可以用while)Father was preparing a report while I was playing games.【注意】过去进行时和一般过去时都是过去发生的事情，但过去进行时侧重表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作或所处的状态，强调动作的连续进行，而一般过去时则表示单纯的过去事实，例如： They were building a house last month. （上个月正在建造，建造好与否不知）They built a new house last month. （上个月建造好了，动作已经完成）Unit 2的单词，短语、句型以及重要知识点的复习一、词形转换1. fun (n.)funny (adj.)2. succeed(v.) success (n.)successful(adj.)3. amuse(v.) amusement (n.)4. own(v.),owner(n.)5. sleep(v.) asleep(adj.), sleepy(adj.)6. angry(adj.),anger(n.)7. happy(adj.), happiness(n.),unhappy(opp)8. express(v.),expression(n.)9. art(n.),artist(n.)10. delight(v.),delighted(adj.)11. splendid (adj.),splendidly(adv.)12. possible(adj.),possibly(adv.)13. complain(v.),complaint(n.)14. wonder(n.),wonderful(adj.)15. bore(v.),boring/bored(adj.)16. frighten(v.)frightened(adj.)17. worry(v.),worried (adj.)18. close(v.),closed关闭的, close亲密的19. open(v.),open(adj.)20. cheer(v.),cheerful(adj.)21. think(v.),thoughtful(adj.)22. good(adj.,)goodness(n.)23. value(n.),valuable(adj.)24.care(v.),careful/careless(adj.),carelessness(n.)25. exist(v.),existence(n. )26. skill(n.),skilful(adj.)27. true(adj.),truly(adv.)28. fail(v.),failure(n.), pass, succeed(opp.)29. wisdom(n.), wise(adj.)30. smart(adj.), foolish(opp.)31. humour(n.), humorous(adj.)32. collect(v.), collector(n.)二、短语1. 充满be full of= be filled with2. 对(某物)很满意 be delighted with3. 为工作 work for4. 同意做某事 agree to do sth.5. 尽力做 try to do sth.6. 同(某人)比赛，迎战 play against7. 二十世纪三十年代末 in the 1930s8. 射门得分 score a goal9. 想到 think of10. 戏弄（某人）play a trick on sb.11. 使陷入麻烦 get sb. into trouble12. 出发，启程 set out13. 为某人准备某物prepare sth for sb14. 救生衣 life jacket15. 犯事而落到(某人)手里 get in trouble with sb16. 大量的 plenty of17. 追溯到，始于 date back to18. 到处跑 run around19. 存在，现有 in existence20. 嘲笑 laugh at21. 处于良好的状态 in good condition22. 来自世界各地的 from all over the world23. 撞倒(某人) knock sb down24. 一个叫做的人 a man called/ named25. 回答，答复 in reply26. 有很长的历史 with a long history27. 不挡某人的道 move out of ones way28. 画出的轮廓 draw an outline of29. 朝上看 look up30. 处于困境，有麻烦的 be in trouble31. 熬夜 stay up 33. 想去做某事 would like to do sth.34. 兴奋的表情 a cheerful expression35. 灿烂的笑容 a big smile36. 做的方法 a way to do/ a way of doing37. 以多少赢 beat sb. byto38. 活过来 come to life39. 我们能够做的一切是 all we can do is 40. 处于危险之中 be in danger三、语法1. in the late 1930s:在20世纪30年代晚期。1930s表示20世纪30年代，late表示晚期。in the early 1930s: 在20世纪30年代早期，early表示早期。2. plenty of: 大量的，相当于lots of/a lot of., 后面既可以跟可数名词，也可以跟不可数名词。例如：There is plenty of rain this year. 今年雨水很多。3. in pencil: 用铅笔= with pencil4. let sb do: 让某人做5. turn down: 朝下；拒绝6. play a trick on sb: 开某人的玩笑 play a joke with sb: 和某人开玩笑7. 形容词的一般用法 放在被修饰的名词前做定语：a cold and windy day；a big house 放在连系动词后做表语：feel lonely;常见的连系动词有：a. be, keep, stay, appear, seemb. 感官动词：look, sound, taste, smell, feelc. 表示“变得”：grow, get, turn, become, fall, go 词语辨析：become, get, grow, turn用法区别become, get, grow, turn都可用作连系动词，意为“变”“变成”。但具体用法有区别： become和turn后可跟名词作表语，其他则不能。His father became a worker. 表示天气变化用getThe weather in England never gets too hot or too cold.Its getting dark. Let us go home. 表示由一种状态转到另一种状态。常用turnSpring is here. All the trees are turning green.His face turned pale. He must be ill. 表示长高、变老，常用growHis grandma is growing very old.Your little sister grows much taller now. 形容词修饰不定代词something, anyone, nobody等时，应放在不定代词的后面：something interesting 注意以下形容词加ly之后的区别：wide（宽阔的）widely（广泛的）：five metres wide, widely used；deep（深度）deeply（深深的）：five metres deep, deeply moved；hard（努力的/地）hardly（几乎不）：work hard, hard work, hard understandnear（附近）nearly（几乎，大部分）：near the school, nearly everyone 只能做表语的形容词：afraid, alone, asleep, awake, alive, well, ill, frightened； ly结尾的形容词：lonely, friendly, lively, lovely； -ed（表示人或物的情绪、状态，表示被动）与-ing（表示人或物的特征、本质，表示主动）结尾的形容词的区别 用于形式主语和形式宾语的句型：It is + adj. + to do sth. 或者sb. finds it + adj. + to do sth.Eg. It is interesting to learn English.学英语很有趣。 I found it is difficult to learn maths.我发现学数学很困难。 用于形容词+不定式的句型Eg: Comics are easy to draw. 漫画很容易画。8. It is+adj.+ for sb to do sth形容词常表示事物的特征特点 Eg: It is necessary for them to get an electrician to do the work for them. = They are necessary to get an electrician to do the work for them.It is +adj.+ of sb. to do sth. 形容词表示人物的内在评价（人的本质）。Eg: It is very clever of you to work out the math problem in such a short time. = You are very clever to work out the math problem in such a short time.Unit 3的单词，短语、句型以及重要知识点的复习一、短语81. 之旅the trip to / the tour of2. 电影制作大赛a film-making competition 3. 游乐场 an amusement park4. 作为娱乐for pleasure/fun5. 从中得到乐趣 take pleasure in6. 拍摄电影shoot (shot) films7. 吓一大跳jump out of ones skin8. 朝大吼roar at9. 闻起来像 smell like10. 给留下深刻印象make/leave a deep impression on sb11. 剧烈地震动shake violently12. 被淋湿 get wet13. 看起来像真的 look real14. 似乎seem to do15. 电影明星film / movie star16. 扮演角色act / play a role 17. 根本不 notat all18. 担任工作 work as19. 以作为背景be set (in) 20. 尽力做某事try to do 21. (飞机等)起飞，脱下(衣服)take off22. 与交朋友make friends with 23. 清理clean up 24. 关闭(电/水龙头)turn off 25. 撞到.bump into26. 一定是 must be27. 赚钱make money28. 的一个方面one aspect of29. 长大grow up30. 一两周a week or two /one or two weeks 31. 不断做某事keep doing sth.32. 一直all the time33. 不再notany longer / no longer34. 手机mobile phone35. 值得做be worth doing36. 的部分 part of37. 一会儿for a while38. 打算做某事be planning to do/ be going to do39. 考虑做某事think about/of doing sth.40. 对惊奇be amazed by / at41. 上演be on42. 宁愿(不)做某事would rather (not) do43. 开车接送某人pick sb up44. 社交活动social event45. 几个 a couple of=several/some46. 对某人有不良的影响have a bad influence on sb47. 有做的时间have time to do sth 二、词形转换set (v.) - setting (n.)music (n.) - musical (n./ adj.)lone (n.) - lonely (adj.)romance (n.) - romantic (adj.)enjoy (v.) - enjoyable (adj.)move (v.) - moving / moved (adj.)extreme (adj.) - extremely (adv.)fun (n.) - funny (adj.)friend (n.) - friendship / friendliness (n.)colour (n.) - colourful (adj.)amaze (v.) - amazing / amazed (adj.)power (n.) - powerful (adj.)wonder (n.) - wonderful (adj.)excite (v.) - exciting (adj.)tradition (n.) - traditional (adj.)sudden (adj.) - suddenly (adv.)fantasy (n.) - fantastic (adj.)act (v.) - action / actor / actress (n.)horrible (adj.) - horror (n.)introduce (v.) - introduction (n.)lead (v.) - leading (adj.)end (v.) - ending (n.)conclude (v.) - conclusion (n.)society (n.) - social (adj.)completely (adv.) - complete (adj./v.)imagine (v.) - imagination (n.)feel (v.) - feeling (n.)luck (n.) - lucky (adj.) - luckily (adv.)direct (v.) - director (n.)三、语法1. attraction(n)：有吸引力的事物或地方，也指吸引力或诱惑力。其动词形式是attract,常用于attract sb to sth 其形容词为attractive（迷人的，有吸引力的）Eg: What attracted you most in Hollywood? 在好莱坞什么最吸引你？How attractive the diamonds are ! 这些钻石是多么迷人啊！2. make a deep impression on sb:给某人留下深刻印象，名词impression是“印象，感想”的意思，first impression:第一印象，false impression: 错觉。3. bothand用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词或代词。连接两个成分作主语，谓语总是用复数。Eg: Both she and I are good at English. 她和我都擅长英语。Both New York and London have traffic problems. 纽约和伦敦都存在交通问题。4. not onlybut also （不但而且）, neithernor （既不也不）, eitheror（要么要么） 等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与后面的名词或代词保持一致 （就近原则）eg: Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不但你错了，而且他也错了。Neither you nor I am wrong. 你和我都没错。Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. as well as, with, along with(和) 等连接两个名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词应与前面的名词或代词保持一致（就远原则）eg: The teacher with a number of students is in the classroom. An expert, together with some assistants, was sent to help do this work.The teacher as well as the students is excited.5. too much, much too & too manytoo much（太多），这个短语的中心词是much，用法与much相同，用来修饰不可数名词too many（太多），这个短语的中心词是many，用法与many相同，用来修饰复数可数名词much too（太），这个短语的中心词是too，用法与too相同，用来修饰原级形容词或副词。Eg: We have too much homework. 我们的作业太多了。There are too many cars on the road. 路上太多车了。Youre walking much too fast. Slow down. 你走得太快了，慢点。6. try to do & try doingtry to do表示“努力做某事”， 强调付出努力，但不一定成功try doing表示“尝试做某事”， 含有看结果如何之意。Eg: pleasetrytofinishthisworkinthirtyminiutes.请尽量在30分钟完成这项工作。 whydidntyoutryridingabiketogotoschool?为什么不试着骑车去学校呢？6. make的用法 make用作使役动词表示“使；使成为”时，可跟复合结构，即“make+宾语(sb/sth)+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是不带to的不定式、形容词、名词或过去分词。 make sth./sb. + n 使、让某人/某物（成为）.Eg: We made him our monitor. 我们选他当班长。 make sth./sb. +adj. 使某人/某物（变得）.Eg: We must make the rivers clean. 我们必须净化河水。The news that our team had won made us very happy. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。友情提示：当宾语是不定式短语或从句时，多用it作形式宾语。如： I made it a condition that everybody must be on time. 我提出一个条件，人人都要准时。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out. 大雨使得我们无法出去。make sb/sthdo sth.（不带to的不定式）使某人做某事. What makes the grass grow? 什么东西使得草生长？ Our teacher makes us feel more confident. 老师使得我们感到更自信了。 友情提示：在被动语态中，此类结构中省略的动词不定式 to 要还原。如：The boy was made to work twelve hours a day. 这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。Every day I am made to have an egg and some milk. 我每天不得不吃一个鸡蛋，喝一些牛奶。 相关链接：have, make, let等使役动词和see, hear, listen to, look at, watch, notice, observe 等感官动词都可接不带to的不定式作宾补。help后可带to,也可不带to。如：Let him do whatever he wishes to do. 他想干什么就让他干吧。 Did you see him go out? 你看见他出去了吗？ I often help my mother (to) do some housework. 我经常帮助妈妈做些家务。make sb/sth-ed（过去分词作宾补）这个结构指宾语接受后面的那个动作，表示被动的意思，意为 “使某人 / 某事被”。如： The strange noise made us frightened. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。 The good news made us excited. 这个好消息使我们兴奋。 友情提示：通常情况下，make后的宾语是反身代词时，作宾补的动词要用过去分词，即：make oneselfV-ed （heard, known, understood）。如： He couldnt make himself heard above the noise of the traffic. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。7. watch / see / listen to/ hear / notice sb. do / doingEg: We watch them sail away.我们看着它们飘远而去。 We watch them sailing away.我们看着它们飘着。这两种结构都正确，不同的是，前者用动词原形sail，表示整个过程，即飘远而去，直到看不见为止；后者用动词ing形式sailing，表示动作正在进行，即还在飘，能看得到。eg. I watched the old man cross the road.我看见老人过马路。 I watched the old man crossing the road.我看见老人在过马路。原形cross，表看见的是整个过程，老人已经过完马路了；动词ing形式crossing，表老人正在过马路中，在路中间。类似用法的还有其他感官动词，如see，look，hear，listen to, notice等等。8. no one & nonenone 既可指人也可指物，反义词是all. 用于三者或以上，意为“没有人；没有什么东西；一个也没有”。 它与of连用修饰名词复数或代词宾格复数作主语，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数。多用单数。 可一般用来回答how many +n, how much +n 及含any+n引起的疑问句 .no one 意为“没有人”，只能指人，不能与of连用. 作主语时，谓语动词只能用单数形式 可回答来回答who,及含anyone,anybody引起的疑问句Eg: -Who is in the classroom? -No one. -How many students are there in the room? -None None of us could live without other people. 任何人都不可能离开他人而生活。No one doubts that 2013 will be hard.9. whether & ifwhether与if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。一般情况下，两者可以互换。但在下列情况下，只能用whether不能用if whether后可以加or not, 但if 不可以I wonder whether he will come or not. 在不定式前只能用whetherI cant decide whether to stay. whether从句做介词的宾语Everything depends on whether you agree with us. 另外，if还有“如果”的意思，常用来引导一个条件状语从句。Eg: If the weather is fine tomorrow, well go cycling in the countryside.如果明天天气好的话，我们会去郊外骑自行车。10. so &suchso和such都可以用来表示程度，意思是“如此；这样”，但用法却不相同。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。so 还可与表示数量的形容词many，few，much， little连用，形成固定搭配。即：so + adj./adv such + a(n) + n. such + n. (pl.) such +n. 不可数so + adj. + a(n) + n. so + adj. + n. (pl.) so + adj. + n. 不可数 eg: He is such a fool. 他是个傻瓜。He is so foolish. 他是如此愚蠢。I know such a clever boy. 我认识如此聪明的一个男孩。I know so clever a boy. 我认识如此聪明的一个男孩。There are so many flowers in our school. 我们学校里有那么多的花。You will find English a bridge to so much knowledge. 你会发现英语是通向如此丰富知识的桥梁。I have so little money that I cant lend you any. 我的钱很少，不能借给你。上句中little表示“少”。当little表示“小”的意义修饰可数名词时，其前只能用such,不能用so. 例如： I have never seen such little sheep before. 我以前从没见过这么小的绵羊。11. 语法重点：直接引语变为间接引语一般来说，我们引述别人的话时，可以直接引用（常用引号带出）或者间接引用。Eg: Julia said, “I am very happy to visit Hollywood.” （直接引语） Julia said that she was very happy to visit Hollywood. （间接引语）把直接引语改为间接引语时，要注意以下变化：1) 确定连词&语序 直接引语如果是陈述句-间接引语应该为由that引导的宾语从句，语序不变。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的said, 也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that, said to sb.that, told sb. that，不可直接说told thatEg: She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引语如果是反意疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句-间接引语应改为由whether或if引导的宾语从句，语序要用陈述句的语序。原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked(me/him/us等)He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 直接引语如果是特殊问句-间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。主句的谓语动词用ask(sb.)来表达 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引语如果是祈使句-间接引语应改为“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。如：“Dont make