意群阅读法.doc

1. 意群阅读法在读一个长句子时，如果对每一个都给予同等的重视，从头逐词读到尾，有时可能读完最后一个词却不知所云。正确的阅读方法应该是：在阅过程中，依据掌握的语言知识将句子划分为若干意群。例如： And for reasons I wont get into today, I began to write stories using all the English I grew up with: the English she used with me, which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal language, and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.在阅读上述句子时，可以将其划分为如下几个意群：（1）And for reasons I wont get into today，（2）I began to write stories (3) using all the English I grew up with: (4)the English she used with me, (5)which for lack of a better term might be described as “broken”, (6) and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese, her internal language, (7)and for that I sought to preserve the essence, but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.意群可以有一个单词、词组或短语组成，也可以由一个从句或一定的语法结构组成。一定的语法结构包括：（1）先行词+定于从句;（2） 名词+同位语从句; (3)被修饰词+后置定语；（4）动名词的复合结构；（5）动词不定式的复合结构；（6）动宾结构等结构分析理解法 结构分析理解法就是通过对阅读材料中的长难句进行分析，迅速弄清其结构，把握其基本框架，进行全面理解句子的方法。 所谓的长难句，只不过是结构稍微复杂一点，只要同学善于分析，长难句问题就会迎刃而解。例如： Supporting this claim was discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious(有感染力的)yawing, which showed that humans communicate regularly without words. 该句为倒装句，其正常结构为：Discovery thatwas supporting this claim. 由于主语discovery后有一个that引导的同位语从句，且从句较长，故采用倒装结构。谓语部分为was supporting this claim。 that 引导的同位语从句的主干为 those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious yawing；其中的whowith others 为定语从句，修饰先行词those children。 句末which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰discovery，该从句中含有一个that引导的宾语从句做showed的宾语。掌握这种方法的关键是分析并弄清句子的基本框架结构。就这要求同学们平时要从句子的基本类型入手，掌握各种从句的知识（如定语从句，名词性从句，状语从句）动词的非谓语形式等，还要特别注意并列连词or, bur, for , not only but also, however, thus, therefore, neithernor等的用法。分层次阅读理解法 对于有些结构复杂，信息容量大的长难句，同学们还可以先弄清句子的框架，然后在顺藤摸瓜，逐层理清句子的内容，这样的阅读理解方法叫做分层次阅读理解法。例如：（1）Here are some more suggestion for effective team performance during these activities: (2) Make sure each group member understands and agrees to the task given to him or her, (3) and every one knows exactly when, why and what to do;(2) take turns doing various tasks during similar and repeated activities;(2) be aware of where other group members are and what they are going so as to ensure safety;(2) be responsible for your own learning, (3) though it is by no means unwise to compare your observations with those of other group members. 该句可分为三个层次来阅读和理解。第一层次是Here are some more suggestion for effective team performance during these activities:第二层次是some more suggestions的展开，共有四点，用分号分隔开来;第三层次为这四个建议内部，有些还可以继续划分，如第一，第四条建议。第一条建议的Make given to him to her, 第二个为every one knows exactly when, why and what to do；第四条建议中含有一个though引导的让步状语从句。关键词语阅读法有时受时间限制，对于每一个长难句，不可能都仔细的分析其结构，理顺其内容。这时，为提高速度，对于有些长难句。也可采用关键词阅读法。 关键词语阅读法就是指根据材料的内容，上下文间的逻辑关系以及自己的阅读需要，通过抓住材料中的关键性词语，捕捉文章中的关键信息或所需要的信息，并据此了解全句内容的一种方法。例如：Most health experts believe that by protecting the skin from the harmful effects of the sun, sunscreen helps prevent skin cancer, which is increasing in incidence faster than any other cancer in the United States.阅读该句时，应主要抓住下列关键性词语：health experts believesunscreen helps prevent skin cancerincreasing incidence抓住了这些词语即可达到理解全句的目的。完形填空考察的类型A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had (admired) a beautiful sports car in a dealers showroom, and_37_ his father could well_38_ it, he told him that as all he wanted.37.A. finding B. proving C. deciding D. knowing38.A. afford B. offer C. keep . LikeDA考查句际关系考查同学们对上下文逻辑关系的理解， 如转折关系，让步关系，因果关系，递进关系，比较关系，对比关系等四个选项都是表示对文章的起承转合，上下连贯等逻辑关系的词语，必须弄清句子前后的逻辑关系，才可以做出正确选择。例如： In the complex and technological society that the United States has become, each member must fulfill a number of personal and occupational roles and be in contact with many other members. _, viewing children as necessary members of society means that they are regarded more as people in their own right than as those of subordination.44.A. Besides B. However C. Instead D. ThereforeAnswer：D考查习惯搭配 “Are you sure that this is the right（way?” whispered Peter shakily. “ Im sure we passed that hollow tree just a while ago.” Paul walked(on) silently. “ Look, there it is again. Were lost, arent we?” complained Peter. Paul had to admit that he didnt know where t