新版八年级下U3-Traditional-skills-知识点讲解及练习.docx

精品文档U3 Traditional skills一 必记单词: description,describe,fishermen,although,fit,dive,ready,reach,attract,hang,require,practise,scissors,patternCharacter,health,simple,lovely二 常考短语：paper cutting, up to, set off, up and down, after dark, no more, all the time三 知识讲解及拓展1 used to & be used to doing &be used to doused to do sth过去常常做某事只用于过去时态He used to go to school by bike.be used to doing习惯于可用于过去，现在，将来等时态He is used to going to school.be used to do被用于.可用于任何时态=be used for doingEg: 1 -How is your grandma? -She is fine. She used to _TV at home after supper. But now she is used to _ out for a walk. A watch, go B watching,go C watching,going D watch,going 2 Bamboo can _paper. A used to make B be used make C be used to make D be used to making2 although 虽然，尽管 与though同义，用来引导让步状语从句。不能与but同时出现在句子中。Although比较正式，常用于句首；though多用于非正式文体，表示强调。Eg: -The boy can speak both English and Japanese_he is only ten. -Wow, what a clever boy. A if B because C although3 fit adj. 健壮的，健康的 v. 合适，侧重于尺寸，大小合适。 To keep fit, she eats a lot of vegetables and fruits. This coat doesnt fit me.4 up to 到达，至多有； up to now 到现在为止=by now His storybooks are up to 50.5 set off 出发，动身=set out They set off at night.6 get/be ready for 为.做好准备， be ready 准备好的. Be ready to do sth 准备做某事 Mother gets ready for dinner. Tom is ready for the exam. Are you ready? Im ready to go.7 tie.around.栓.在.周围 The girl ties a scarf around her neck. Tie to 把.系在.He tied the horse to a tree.Tie up 系好，捆好Please tie up your safety belt.8 stop .from doing 阻止.做.=prevent .from=keep .from The heavy rain prevented/kept us from climbing the mountain.9 reach&get&arriveReach及物动词，后直接跟表示地点的名词GetGet to +地点名词； get here/theArriveArrive at+小地点；arrive in+大地点；可当不及物动词：He arrived.10 hang 悬挂，吊 悬挂： hang-hung-hung; 绞死，吊死： hang-hanged-hanged11 throw短语 Throw .into 把.扔进. Throw away 扔掉 throw off 匆匆脱掉 throw at 向.扔去 He threw a stone into the river. Throw away those old newspapers. Dont throw off your coat. Its cold outside. Tom threw stones at my dog.12 require& needRequire及物动词Require to be done; require doing;require sb to doNeed及物动词Need to do; need to be done; need doing情态动词Need do Plants require watering every day. They require that I should appear. I need to buy a new bike. The room needs to be cleaned. You neednt come.13 no more& no longerNo more不再常用来修饰非延续性动词，表示今后不再重复以前发生的动作，多指数量上不再增加，程度不再加深。=not .anymoreNo longer不再相当于not .any longer,在句中起副词作用，用来修饰延续性动词，指某事从时间上讲以后不再发生，其时间不再延续。He no more comes.We are no longer students.He is no more a student.= He isnt a student any more.14 mistake 错误 Make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地，无意中 Mistake A for B 把A错认成B He makes a lot of mistakes in grammar. I took her umbrella by mistake. I often mistake Lucy for Lily.15 after&laterAfter介词常用于过去时态，after+一段时间表示某段时间后Later副词常用于过去时或将来时，一段时间+later形容词意为“后来的”，修饰名词After two years, he died in London.Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later.16 keep 短语Keep sb/sth + 形容词： 使.保持.; keep +形容词：保持某种状态； keep (sb) doing： 不停地做某事 Coats will keep you warm. We should keep out school clean and tidy. The shop keeps open twelve hours a day. Dont keep talking.17 名词+y=形容词 Health(健康）+y=healthy（健康的） luck(幸运）+y=lucky（幸运的）In good/bad/poor health 健康状况好/不好 keep healthy 保持健康For luck 为了吉利； bad luck 倒霉 good luck 好运18 be made from& be made ofBe made from由.制成；看不出原材料Be made of由.制成；看得出原材料Be made up of由.组成Be made into 被制成.Be made in在.制造They made wine from rice.Paper is made from wood.The house is made of wood,The doll is made up of four parts.19 voice&noise&soundVoice嗓音；指喉咙发出的声音Noise噪声Sound泛指一切声音四 语法-被动语态 英语动词有两种语态：_和_。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。1、被动语态的构成 英语动词的被动语态由_构成。助动词be必须与主语的人称和数量保持一致，并有时态的变化。例如：The man was fooled by the two boys. The book has been translated into several languages.2、被动语态的用法（1）动作的执行者不知道是谁或难以说明时常用被动语态。例如： Street lights are often turned on at six in winter. The new test book will be used next term.（2）当动作的承受者比起动作的执行者来说更能引起人们的关心而需要加以强调时，要用被动语态。例如：This kind of bicycle is not sold in our shop. The thief was caught by a policeman yesterday.（3）含有双宾语的句子，主动句中的间接宾语或者直接宾语都可变为被动语态中的一个主语，另一个保留不变。变为主语的若是主动句中的直接宾语在变为间接宾语前则需加介词to 或for。例如：The pianist gave the pupils(间接宾语)some advice(直接宾语) The pupils were given some advice by the pianist. Some advice was given to the pupils by the pianist.(4)在主动语态句中动词make、have、let、see、watch、hear、feel等后接动词不定式作宾语补足语，动词不定式不加to。但变成被动语态时后面的不定式都须加上to。例如：The boss made them work ten hours a day. They were made to work ten hours a day. A boy saw him enter the house. He was seen to enter the house.3、被动语态的时态一般现在时 构成：助动词be + 动词的过去分词 例如：This kind of car is made in shanghai. 一般过去时 构成：助动词was/were + 动词的过去分词 例如：The bridge was built in 1992.现在进行时 构成：be + being + 动词的过去分词 例如：A new bridge is being built in my hometown.过去进行时 构成：was/were + being + 动词的过去分词 一般将来时 构成：will/be going to do + be + 动词的过去分词 例如：These books are going to be posted tomorrow.过去将来时 构成：would/was(were )going to do + be + 动词的过去分词现在完成时 构成：助动词have/has + been + 动词的过去分词 例如：Has his work been finished?过去完成时 构成：助动词had + been + 动词的过去分词带有情态动词的被动语态 构成：情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词 例如：Can this walkman be repaired here?主动语态改为被动语态的步骤：主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态句中的主语；主动语态句中的动词改为相应的被动语态；主动语态句中的主语变为被动语态句中by的宾语。主动语态句中的谓语动词带有双宾语，即直接宾语和间接宾语时，转换方法有两种：把间接宾语转化为主语，保留直接宾语把直接宾语转化为主语，保留间接宾语。此时，一般需在间接宾语前加适当的介词（通常是介词for或to)。在短语see sb. do sth. 中，动词see后跟不带to的不定式作宾补。改为被动语态时要加上to。用于这一结构的谓语动词一般是表示知觉的动词如see, hear,watch,find等，以及使役动词make, let等。巩固练习.把下列主动语态改为被动语态:1、We often use a recorder in our English class._2、They will show a new film next week._3、When did they build the house?_4、I saw the boy enter the room._5、Will they show a new film next week?_6、Have they posted the letter yet?_7、We often see him help his classmate._8、You must turn off the light before you go to bed._9、Who is repairing the bike?_10、The student should learn all the texts by heart._.选择填空:1. The reading room _ yesterday afternoon. A. cleaned B. is cleaned C. was cleaning D. was cleaned2. The workers were made _ ten hours a day. A. work B. to work C. working D. worked3. Food _ in a cool place in summer. A. must keep B. mustnt keep C. must be kept D. mustnt be kept4. His father _ to work in Hong Kong 3 years ago. A. sent B. was sent C. has sent D. has been sent5. The pen _ well. A. writes B. is written C. was written D. writing6. Great changes _ in the town since 1988.A. have taken place B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place7. Our compositions must _ next Monday.A. be hand in B. be handed in C. handed in D. be handing in8. The child will _ back to his parents next month. A. sent B. send C. be sent D. be sending9. _ his work _ yet? A. havebeen finished B. has been finished C. has finished D. havefinished10. The classroom _ now. A. is cleaning B. is being cleaning C. is being cleaned D. is cleaned练习一 根据提示完成单词1 D_ the picture you have seen.2 Write a short article about a p_with a traditional skill.3 A_ he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys w_.4 They can d_ down and stay under the water for up to two minutes.5 Damin usually sets off in the late afternoon and gets the cormorants r_for work.6 The fish are then taken and thrown i_a big basket by Damin.7 No nets are r_for this type of fishing.8 Damin is over 65 now, but he still e_working.9 After dark, he h_a light on a post at the front of the boat.二 单选1 In some countries, tea _with milk and sugar A is serving B is served C serves D served2 The new type of car is going to _in three years. A turn out B be turned out C has turned out D have been turned out3 -I want to sit at the table near the window.- Sorry, _already. A it took B it takes C it is taking D it has been taken4 The letter _three days ago and it _yesterday. A had post, had arrived B was posted, arrived C posted, arrived D had been posted,was arrived5 He told me that the final examination _next Thursday. A is given B will be give C would have given D would be given6 Water _into ice, A will changed B will be changed C should change D can be changed7 Plays _twice a month in that theatre. A put on B are put on C was put on D often put on8 The birds _fly away last Saturday. A let to B is let to C was let D were let to9 A strange sound _yesterday evening. A was heard B hears C heard D is heard10 A beautiful bike _him by his classmates. A sent to B will sent to C was sent to D will be sent for11 _a new library _in our school last year? A Is, built B Was, built C Does, build D Did, build12 An accident _on this road last week. A has been happened B was happened C is happened D happened13 Cotton _in the southeast of China. A is grown B are grown C grows D grow14 A talk on Chinese history _in the school hall next week. A is given B has been given C will be given D gives15 A lot of things _by people to save the little girl now. A are doing B are being done C has been done D will be done 16 -When _ this kind of computers _? - Last year. A did, use B was, used C is, used D are, used17 The Great Wall _ all over the world. A knows B knew C is know D was known18 Who _ this book_? A did, written B was, written by C did, written by D was, written19 A story _by Granny yesterd