最新高考英语专题解析-概要写作导练PPT课件

-,1,概要写作导练,-,2,-,3,串联要素法,写作方法串联要素法记叙文的概要,一般包括记叙文的六个要素(who;when;where;what;how;why),也就是考生应先通读阅读短文，找出这六个要素,然后用自己的话将这六个要素串成一两句话即可。,-,4,当然,不一定每篇记叙文都包含这六个要素,但“某人做了某事,结果如何”是应当包括的。因此,要写好概要,须找到以下两个问题的答案：(1)谁做了什么？(whodidwhat)(2)结果如何？(whatwastheresult)如果是夹叙夹议的文章,还要加上这个故事给人们的启示或教育。,-,5,例1(2011年广东)阅读下面短文,然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。WhenSamfirstgottohisboardingschoolwithhisparents,hewasveryhappy.Hethoughthewouldbeabletogohomeeveryweekend.Whenhewastoldhewouldnot,hestartedcryingbecausethethoughtofnotseeinghisparentswasdrivinghimcrazy.,-,6,Hewasgivenuniformsandallotherthingsthathewouldneedfortheterm.Hestartedcryingwhenitwastimeforhisparentstoleave.Hewasthentakentothedorm,wherehesawotherchildrenhappy.Hetriedasmuchashecouldtofitinbutcouldnotbecausehismindwasathome.Hestartedfeelinghomesick(想家)andwantedtogohomesassoonaspossible.,-,7,Hegotsicksoonbecausehecouldnoteattheschoolfood.Hecouldnotconcentrateintheclassroom.Allhecouldthinkwasbeingathomewithhisfamily.Hehadnomobilephoneorothermeanstogetintouchwithhisparents.Hewasangryandfeltlonely.Hethoughthisparentshatedhimandthatwaswhytheylefthiminaboardingschool.,写作内容1.以约30个词概括上文的主要内容；2.以约120个词讲述一次你(或你的朋友)想家的经历。,-,8,解题过程第一步,根据写作内容2,快速获取大意。解题前,可以通过写作内容2和材料文体,快速准确地把握阅读材料的主要内容并形成概要的基本框架。如本题阅读写作内容2,并扫视材料可知是记叙文,于是可推知,本文的概要框架应是：Sam想家的时间、地点、原因、影响和结果。,-,9,第二步：阅读材料，回答以下两个问题。(1)谁做了什么？Samgottoaboardingschoolandhefelthomesick.(2)结果如何？Hegotsick.Hewasangrywithhisparentsandfeltlonely.,-,10,第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考范文如下：范文1：Samcouldnotgetusedtothelifeoftheboardingschool,andhethoughthisparentshatedhimandlefthiminit,whichmadehimsick,angryandlonely.范文2：Inthepassage,thewritertalksaboutSamsexperienceofhomesickness.Hesufferedalotandfeltdissatisfiedwithhisparentsafterbeingleftinaboardingschool.,-,11,例2(2011年广州一模)阅读下面短文,然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。内容略,写作内容1.以约30个词概括这篇演讲稿的主要内容；2.然后以约120个词写一篇读后感,说明“诚信的重要性”。,-,12,解题过程第一步,根据写作内容2,快速获取大意。写作内容2说明“诚信的重要性”，扫读原文可以发现该文章是夹叙夹议的记叙文,那么我们可以形成概要框架:作者讲述了一个故事来说明诚信的重要性。这样,就有了方向和思路了。,-,13,第二步：阅读材料,回答以下三个问题。(1)谁做了什么？ThewritertellsastoryofanoverseasChinesestudent.Thestudenthadbeencaughtwithoutaticketinthesubwaythreetimes.(2)结果如何？Hewasnotevenallowedthechanceforaninterview.(3)说明了什么？Honestyisthebestpolicy.,-,14,第三步：用自己的话将其串联起来。参考范文如下：范文1：TodayIreadaninstructivespeech,inwhichthespeakerargueshonestyisthebestpolicybytellingthestoryofanoverseasChinesestudentwhocouldntfindajobbecauseofdishonesty.,-,15,范文2：ThewritertellsastoryaboutaChinesestudentwithanexcellentacademicachievementcouldntfindajobinGermanybecauseofhisdishonestytoskipthesubwaytickets,whichshowshonestyisthebestpolicy.,-,16,练习1：阅读下面的短文，然后以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。短文略,Theauthorhappenedtopickupanumbrellaonabusandtriedtofinditsowner.Shewaspleasedtofindtheownerandalsogotajobofferedbytheowneroftheumbrella.,-,17,练习2：阅读下面的短文,然后以约30个词概括这篇短文的主要内容。短文略,(范文1)Inthepassagethewriterusesthestoryoftheaward-winningfarmerwhoshareshisbestcorndeedwithhisneighbourstoteachusthatweallcanbenefitwhenweco-operateandsharewitheachother.,-,18,(范文2)Thewriterteachesusthatweallbenefitmorewhenweco-operateandsharewitheachotherbytellingthestoryoftheaward-winningfarmerwhoshareshiscornseedswithhisneighbours.,-,19,作业1：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。,OnarecentSunday,IwasbuyinggroceriesinasupermarketwhenIheardthesoundofacaraccident.Itwasclosebutnotveryclose,soIcontinuedshopping.AsItookarightturnonMunadhamaStreet,Isawamanlyingonthegroundinasmallpoolofblood.Hewasntdead.,-,20,Theideaofstoppingtohelportotakehimtoahospitalcrossedmymind,butIdidntdare.Carspassedwithoutstopping.Pedestriansandshopownerskeptdoingwhattheyweredoing,pretendingnothinghadhappened.Iwasstilllookingatthewoundedmanandblamingmyselffornotstoppingtohelp.Othershopperspeeredathimfromadistance,sorrowfulandsympathetic,butdidnothing.,-,21,Iwentontoanothergrocerystore,stayingforaboutfiveminuteswhileshoppingfortomatoes,onionsandothervegetables.Duringthattime,themanmanagedtositupandwavetopassingcars.Noonestopped.Noonedidanything.Nooneliftedafinger.Thewoundeddiedaloneinthestreet.Theonlyreactioncamefromawomaninthegrocerystore.Inalowvoice,shesaid,“MyGod,blesshissoul.”Anofferofaidcouldhavesavedthemanslife.,-,22,作业1：Fromthepassageweknowthattheauthorwitnessedacaraccidentandfoundnoonehelpedtheinjuredman.Asaresult,themandiedonthestreet,whichmadetheauthorfeelguilty.,-,23,作业2：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,作业2：Thewritertriedtotellustheimportanceofsettinggoalsthroughabeaversstory.Afterthebeaverbuiltahouseforthewinter,itsetanothergoaltochewdownabigtreeandsucceededbyworkinghard.,-,24,-,25,我们根据说明文的不同类型,分别给出三种参考模板：1.描写某事物的性质功用。即“对象+性质功用+利好”：(Inthepassage)thewriterintroduces.(对象)tous,especiallyits.(性质或功用),fromwhichweknow.(对象带来的利好).,-,26,2.针对某个问题提出解决方法或措施。即“问题+解决方法”：Thepassagetellsus.(问题),including.(方法1),.(方法2)and.(方法3).,-,27,3.介绍某现象及其原因和结果。即“现象+原因+结果”：(Theauthor/writersaid/talksabout).(现象)of.,because/but.(原因/本质1),and.(原因/本质2).,在高考读写任务中,多为说明某种社会现象的说明文。,特别提醒：,-,28,阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括这段短文的内容。,Eyecareisanimportantfactorinallofourlives.Withouteyes,weseemtobeabletodonothing.But,whatcanwedototakecareofeyes?Firstly,weshouldeathealthyfoods.Secondly,dontsitbeforeacomputerscreenorTVfortoolongtimeandtakeregularrestatintervalssoastorelaxtheeyemuscles.Thirdly,havingenoughsleepisthebestrestforeyes.,-,29,Besidesthosenotices,youshouldbeawareofsomethreatstoeyesindailylives.Excessiveexposuretobrightsunlightisharmfultoeyes,therefore,whengoingout,especiallyinsummertime,putonapairofqualifiedsunglasses.Stayawayfromsmoking.Someingredientsincigarettesarecarcinogenesis(致癌的).,-,30,Lastbutnotleast,takeregularmedicalexaminestocheckoutthepotentialeyediseaseandpreventitsdeterioration(退化).Eyesarethemostimportantsenseorgansandoneshouldusepropereyecareproductstoavoidfurtherirritations(刺激)andensurelongevityatease.,-,31,解题过程本文在指出眼睛重要后,紧接着提出问题“为保护眼睛,我们可以做些什么呢”,然后分三点说明应该做些什么。因此,我们可以套用“问题+解决方法”模式：Oureyesareimportantforus,sotheauthortellsushowtotakecareofoureyes,includingeatinghealthyfood,givingthemenoughtimetorest,knowingsomethreats,andtakingfrequenteyeexaminations.,-,32,练习1：阅读下面短文，然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“对象+性质功能+利好”模式)Thewriterintroducestheideaofaballoonrobot,especiallyhowithelpstoguidepeopletotheirdestinationwithoutbeingconnectedtotheInternet,fromwhichweknowitmaybecomepopularinthefuture.,-,33,练习2：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“问题+解决方法”模式)Thepassagetellsushowtobeagoodfriend,includinglisteningmoretofriendstalking,offeringhelpwhennecessary,stayingwiththemandmakingplanstogether.,-,34,练习3：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,(“现象+原因”模式)Theauthortalksaboutthepopularityofadvertisements,becausetheycanbringconveniencetopeoplebutthenegativeeffectsshouldnotbeignored.,-,35,作业1：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,Thepassageintroducessomeexamplestoshowthatchemistryiseverywhereinourlife,especiallyitsgoodeffects,fromwhichweknowweshouldunderstanditmoretohelpourselveslivebetter.(对象+功能),-,36,作业2：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,Thepassagetellsushowtostayhealthywithourpets,includingwashinghandsoften,wearinggloveswhilecleaningthepetsortheircages,takingthemforexaminationsregularlyandgivingthemproperfood,etc.(问题+解决方法),-,37,作业3：阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。短文略,ThepassagesaidChineseEducationMinistryhaspaidcloseattentiontoself-protectioneducationamongschoolstudentsbecausesomeknowledgeaboutself-protectionmayhelponesurviveincaseofemergency.(现象+原因),-,38,-,39,议论文通常包括论点、论据和结论,因此写议论文的概要主要是找出主题句(thetopicsentences)、支撑句(supportingsentences)和结论句(conclusionsentences)。其中最主要的是找准主题句。概要模板：论点+论据(+结论),-,40,(2011珠海一模)阅读下面短文,然后以约30个词概括该文的主要内容。,Gettingupearlyhasbeenregardedasagoodhabitsinceancienttimes.Manyyearsago,peoplethoughtthatifwewenttobedearlyandgetupearly,wewouldbeenergeticthewholeday.So,gettingupearlyisofgreatimportancetousall.,-,41,Infact,morningisthebesttimeofaday.Inthemorning,theairisthefreshestandpeopleareusuallyinthebestconditions.Manyofusmayhavetheexperiencesthatwememorizesomethingsmorequicklyandaccuratelyinthemorningthananyothertimeoftheday.Ifwedosomemorningexerciseoronlytakeashortwalkinthemorning,wecanbuildourbodiesandbecomemuchhealthier.,-,42,Alsowewillhaveenoughtimetomakeaplanandgetreadyforourworkorstudyofthedayifwegetupearly.However,ifwegetuplate,wewillprobablyhavetodoeverythinginagreathurry.Letusremembergettingupearlyisagoodhabitandtryourbesttokeepit.Ifwesticktogettingupearlyeveryday,wewillcertainlybenefitalotfromit.,-,43,解题过程第一步，根据文体,找出要点。略读短文,本文是典型的议论文,第一段为议点,第二、三自然段为论据,最后一段为结论,首尾呼应。论点、论据和结论分别为：,-,44,-,45,第二步,用自己的话将其表达出来。参考范文为：(范文1)Thepassagemainlytellsusgettingupearlyinthemorningisagoodhabitthatwillbenefitusalot.Itenablesustohaveabettermemory,healthierbodyandbetterpreparationfortheday.,-,46,(范文2)Thepas