高中英语写作(经典中的经典)ppt课件

.,英语书面表达指导,.,在迎战高考的日子里，我们同舟共济，脚踏实地,全力以赴，持之以恒，勇攀高峰。,-Adonis,为理想，早起三更，读迎晨曦，磨枪挫剑，不惧兵临城下!,为目标，晚卧夜半，梦别星辰，敛神养气，以备全力以赴!,.,BeautifyyourComposition,高考作文的华丽变身,遇难心不慌，,遇易心更细。,.,命题特点,1.所选题材及体裁都非常贴近考生生活，实际具有时代特点，紧扣与学生相关的社会热点及学生的生活与学习。2.词数要求从120提高到150，既要求表达事实信息，又要陈述个人观点，对考生思维和表达能力的要求提高了。3.开头或/和结尾都已经给出，无文体要求，主要考查考生的表达能力。,.,1.词数都符合试题要求。2.都覆盖了所有要点，并进行了分段表达，基本上是3段；3.所用句型以简单句为主，但是使用了一定量的高级词汇，大量的短语和句型，丰富的句式结构增强了表达的效果。4.都有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。,参考答案特点,.,高考评分标准,第五档（21-25）：完全完成试题规定的任务，完全达到了预期的写作目的，覆盖所有的内容要点，用了丰富的语法结构，语法与高级词汇有少些错误，全篇流畅，连词使用较好。,第四档（16-20）：完全完成试题规定的任务，达到了预期的写作目的，写漏了一两个要点，语法和词汇基本正确，有少些错误，主要是想使用高级词汇与复杂句子所致。,.,第二档（6-10）：未适当完成试题规定的任务，有要点，但表达不清晰，只有一些句子可读。,第一档（1-5）：未完成试题规定的任务，只是一些字词的堆积，不成句，让读者根本不明白写什么。,0分：空白，或者抄写一些无关的东西。,第三档（11-15）：大错（时态、句子结构等）超过五六处，不能及格，写漏了一些内容，但覆盖了主要要点，基本上让人能够看懂，基本达到了预期目的。,.,高考阅卷特点：1.阅卷时间短；2.阅卷的速度快；3.阅卷老师的心理状态：给分中庸平均分154.高考卷其余部分是标准化计分书面表达是提高分数最大的潜力股,.,15分的作文中规中矩，该对的都对，包括内容要点的完整，语法与词形的正确，但句式简单，没有多少亮点。而20多分的作文句型词汇方面就做了很好的包装，它的句子如人穿的衣服，它已经不是普通校服，而是李宁、耐克等名牌，所以让人觉得很“拽”，而高考英语写作要的就是这种很“拽”的感觉.,小结,15分和20多分的作文到底差在哪里？,.,高考作文评分原则,形式上胜人一筹，也就是文章结构，谴词造句内容要点，发挥想象，适当拓展,.,书面表达在评阅时遵循三原则,语言第一位（语言高级）,内容第二位（要点齐全）,结构第三位（文章分段）,一、高级词汇和句式,二、修辞手法,三、有效的连词,四、名人名言或谚语,语言第一位（语言高级）,漂亮、地道,.,1.高级词汇短语,词汇反映你知识贮存量的多少，也是衡量英语水平的一个重要标志。,.,词汇使用的原则人靠衣装，文靠词装,1、词组优先原则,2、地道原则。,3、避免重复原则,4、后、高、长原则后学到、较高级、较长词汇。,四项原则,.,1、词组优先原则,原文Anewrailwayisbeingbuiltinmyhometown.修正Anewrailwayisunderconstructioninmyhometown.,2、地道原则,原文Throughtraveling,Ilearnedalotofknowledge.修正Throughtraveling,Igainedobtainedalotofknowledge.,.,4、后高长原则后学到、较高级、较长词汇。原词替换词harddiligentlyveryratherextremelypayattentiontoattachimportancetohappydelightedenjoyablemoreandmoretheincreasingnumberof,3、避免重复原则,原文Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherlikeswatchingtelevision.修正Ilikereadingwhilemybrotherenjoyswatchingtelevision.,.,Adj.聪明的、脑筋好的cleversmartwisebrightintelligent,.,电脑在我们生活中的作用是十分重要的。1.Computersareveryimportantinourlife.2.Cputersareofgreatimportanceinourlife.,.,EX、运用高级词汇：,Asaresult,theplanfailed.(一般),ShewenttoAustriainordertostudymusic.(一般),SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.(一般),Theplanturnedouttobeafailure.(高级),ShewenttoAustriaforthepurposeofstudyingmusic.(高级),Agoodideaoccurredtome./Agoodideasuddenlystruckme(高级),.,Atthenewsofherdeath,hewent.(高级),Shehastroubleinpronouncingtheword.(高级),Whenheheardshehaddied,hewentpalewithsorrow.(一般),Shecantcorrectlypronouncetheword.(一般),运用高级词汇：,.,2，句式多样，文章增“靓,使用较丰富的句式：运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉,.,他昨天下午来的。1.Hecamehereyesterdayafternoon.2.Hedidntcomehereuntilyesterdayafternoon.3.Notuntilyesterdayafternoondidhecomehere.4.Itwasyesterdayafternoonthathecamehere.,.,思考：什么样的作文会成为一篇好作文,无遗漏信息点（审题）篇章条理清晰：分段和过渡词句式多样地道的高级词汇和恰当的词组,思考：你能想到的好句式有哪些？,.,强调句,倒装句,with复合结构,advancedsentences,定语从句,名词性从句,非谓语动词,常用谚语,被动句,.,化腐朽为神奇十式,.,一、将两个简单句合并为并列句。操作难度写作效果,1.Youcandoit.Icandoit.Oneofusmustdoit.youImustdoit.,Either,or,.,Ifyougothroughthegate,youllfindtheentrancetoBearCountry.(一般),Gothroughthegate,andyoullfind.(高级),Igotuplatethismorning,otherwiseIcouldhavecaughttheearlybus.(高级),Igotuplatethismorning.Ididntcatchtheearlybus.(一般),Themorehespoke,themoreexcitedhefelt.(高级),Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.(一般),.,二、主动句与被动句的互换。操作难度写作效果,Thegovernmentshouldtakeimmediatemeasurestodealwiththepresentfinancialcrisis.,Peoplesuggestthattheconferencebeputoff.(一般),Itissuggestedthattheconferencebeputoff.(高级),Immediatemeasuresshouldbetakentodealwiththepresentfinancialcrisis.,.,三、将陈述句改为感叹句。操作难度写作效果,1.TopreventthepollutionisveryimportantHow！2.SheisaclevergirlWhat!Howimportantitistopreventthepollution!whataclevergirlsheis!,.,四、将陈述句改为倒装句。操作难度写作效果,1.IcouldhardlyunderstandtheimportanceofEnglishatthattime.HardlycouldIunderstandtheimportanceofEnglishatthattime.2.Wedidnotrealizeourmistakesuntilatthattime.Notuntilatthattimedidwerealizeourmistakes.,3.ThoughImweak,Iwillmaketheeffort.(一般),WeakasIam,Illmaketheeffort.(高级),.,五、将简单句改为强调句。操作难度写作效果,1.Smokingdidgreatharmtohishealth.2.Ourmoneyisearnedthroughhardworkbyourparents.Itwassmokingthatdidgreatharmtohishealth.Itisthroughhardworkthatourmoneyisearnedbyourparents.,.,六、将两个简单句合并为复合句。操作难度写作效果,1.同位语和同位语从句（常用于描述人物、地点等介绍性文段）1)LiuXiangisanexcellentathlete.HewonthefirstprizeinMens110HurdleRaceinthe2004OlympicGames.(用同位语改写),wonthefirstprizeinMens110HurdleRaceinthe2004OlympicGames.2)Thewordistrue.Thepresidentwillgiveourschoolaspeech.istruethepresidentwillgiveourschoolaspeech.,.,2.定语从句（限制性/非限制性）1)The2008OlympicGameswillbeheldinBeijing,anditssloganisOneWorld,OneDream,The2008OlympicGames,.2)Inmyopinion,theGreatWallandtheSummerPalacearewellworthvisiting.Inmyopinion,theGreatWallandtheSummerPalace.3)Yesterday,wewenttotheEastGate,andweboughtalotofclothes.Yesterday,wewenttotheEastGate,.,WhosesloganisOneWorld,OneDream,willbeheldinBJ,arethetwoplaceswhicharewellworthvisiting.,Whereweboughtalotofclothes.,.,3.主语从句1)Hiswonderfulperformanceonthestageimpressedme.mostwashiswonderfulperformanceonthestage.2)Itsatisfiedme.Ourschooldininghallprovidesuswithalargevarietyofkindsofdishes.ourschooldininghallprovidesuswithalargevarietyofkindsofdishes.3)Ilearnedfromthestorythataslongaswehavepatience,confidenceandperseverance,wecanrealizeourdreams.aslongaswehavepatience,confidenceandperseverance,wecanrealizeourdreams.,Whatimpressedme,Whatsatisfiedmeisthat,WhatIhavelearntfromthestoryisthat,.,【推荐句型】：,WhatsurprisesastonishedsatisfiedimpressedmeisthatWhatIwouldliketosuggestadviseputforwardisthatWhatmattersmostisthatWhatIlearnconcludefromthestoryisthat,.,4.表语从句【推荐句型】：isnolongerwhatitusedtobe.我的家乡不再像以前那样了。Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.,.,5.状语从句【推荐句型】结果、程度sothat;suchthat让步nomatterhowwhatwhenwhere.=whatever,however,whenever,wherever时间wasdoingwhen,.,1)不管前面有多少困难，我们都要学会独立的克服他们。,weshouldlearntoovercomethemindependently.2)我正沿着马路走，突然我听到有人叫我。IalongtheroadsuddenlyIheardmynamecalled.,Nomatterhowmanydifficultiesthereareaheadofus,waswalking,when,.,七、将两个简单句合并为一个由which引导的非限制性定语从句操作难度写作效果,1.Recentlymanymiddleschoolstudentsspendtheirmoneyonunnecessarythings.Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsaboutit.Recentlymanymiddleschoolstudentsspendtheirmoneyonunnecessarythings,whicharousespeopletothinkdifferently2.Manyboyslearntosmoke.Itdoesharmtotheirhealth.Manyboyslearntosmoke,.,which,Whichdoesharmtotheirhealth.,.,八、It作形式主语或形式宾语句型操作难度写作效果,1.Youpretendtoknowwhatyoudontknow.Itsnogood.2.ItiseasytogetonwithPam.Ifind.Itsnogoodpretendingtoknowwhatyoudontknow.IfinditeasytogetonwithPam.,.,九、分词结构代替状语/定语从句操作难度写作效果,1.Ifyouworkharder,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime.,youwilldobetterintheexamnexttime.2.Becausemyfriendwasfrightenedoflosinghisjob,hesaidnothingtothepolice.,myfriendsaidnothingtothepolice.,Workinghard,Frightenedoflosinghisjob,.,2.Themoontravelsroundtheearthonceeverymonth.Themoonisanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.,Themoon，travelingroundtheearthonceeverymonth，isanaturalsatelliteoftheearth.,.,与信件和公用电话相比，手机和网络更快也更方便。(广东),Comparedwithlettersandpublicphones，mobilephonesandtheInternetarefasterandmuchmoreconvenient.,.,十、with引导的短语或者复合结构操作难度写作效果,With+宾语+adj./adv./介词短语/tododoingdone常用句型withapopulationof.withatotalareaofwithalonghistoryofyears,.,1)这个地区占地2000平方千米，人口10万。Thisareacoversanareaof2000squarekilometers,.2)我们学校周围种了很多花和树，吸引了大量的学生来参观。,itattractsalargenumberofpeople.3）没有做完作业，这个小孩不敢去上学。,theboydarednotgotoschool.4)这两个男人早早就睡了，蜡烛烧了一个晚上。Thetwomenwenttobedearly,.,withapopulationof100,000.,Withsomanytreesandflowerssurroundingourschool.,withcandlesburninganightlong,Withhomeworknotfinished,.,一、肯定不如双否好,二、陈述不如倒装妙,三、主动不如被动巧,四、从句不如分词傲,高级句式使用的原则：抓住高考阅卷老师的心理的秘诀,四“不如”,誊写规范不要少,.,修辞的使用在书面表达中算作很大的亮点，在高中阶段很少有学生会注重修辞的应用。双重否定也是种修辞，而且对于考生来说，只要稍加注意，可以在文章中设计双重否定的句子。就变成了亮点句，起到强调作用。,一、肯定不如双否好,IcouldnthavemadesomuchprogressinEnglishwithouthishelp.,IhavemadegreatprogressinEnglishwithhishelp.,Thepostmancomesontimeeveryday.,.Thepostmanneverfailstocomeontime,.,倒装是一种最简单易行的使句子呈现亮点的方法。在高中阶段只需掌握倒装的四种形式，足以应对书面表达，如何应用倒装，有很多方法和技巧。,1.Onlywhenwerealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectioncanwesolvetheproblemofpollution.2.Sopreciousistimethatwecantaffordtowasteit.3.Diligentashewas,hefailedinpassingtheexam.4.Bynomeansshouldteenagersgetintothehabitofsmoking.,二、陈述不如倒装妙,.,1.否定词开头：,2.Notuntil/till5pm.didhecomehereyesterday.,3.Itwasnotuntil/till5pm.thathecamehereyesterday.,1.Hedidntcomehereuntil5pm.yesterday.,.,把地点状语放在句首后面主谓倒装。这样做的好处之一是倒装本身就是高级结构，第二是倒装后把真正的主语放到了句子的末尾，后面还可以继续加从句，使整个句子再呈现更多的亮点。,2.地点状语开头,.,Ourlibraryliesinthecenterofourschool.Itisbetweenthegardenandtheteachingbuilding.,Inthecenterofourschoolliesourlibrary，whichisbetweenthegardenandtheteachingbuilding.,.,Onlyinthiswaycanweachieveourgoal.,3.Only的倒装句：,OnlyinthiswaycanIimprovemyEnglish,Onlybytakingexercisescanwekeephealthy,.,4.as：,1.YoungasIam,Icanmanageit,2.Richasourcountryis,wehavealotofproblems,3.Badlyinjuredashewas,hemanagedtotakedownthecarsnumber.,Tryasyouwill,youwontmanageit,.,三、主动不如被动巧,英语中经常用被动语态，汉语经常用主动语态；英语中经常用是事物或形式主语开头，强调一件事发生在什么人身上，而汉语经常用人称开头强调一个人发生了什么事。所以使用被动语态符合英语的习惯，如果能将整个文章中两个句子变成被动语态，就会呈现句型的变化，使整篇文章句型丰富。,.,每次可以借五本书最多借十天(2006NMET),Wecanborrowfivebooksatmost,andwecankeepthemfortendays.,Atmostfivebookscanbeborrowedatatimeandtheycanbekeptfortendays.,哪种表达法分数会更高？,.,几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构，时间状语从句，原因状语，条件状语等。例如条件状语从句：Ifsuchisthecase,youshouldapologizetoher.如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢？学会下面的口诀，如果你的作文中有状语从句，马上可改成独立主格或分词结构这个最大的亮点。,四、从句不如分词傲,.,口诀：一去，二看，三改。一去：去连词；二看：看主语；三改：改分词。,第一步，去掉连词if；,Ifsuchisthecase,youshouldapologizetoher.,第二步，看前后两句话的主语，前后主语不一致，所以要改成独立主格；,第三步，改分词，is变成分词是being,最后变成Suchbeingthecase,youshouldapologizetoher,如果前后两句话主语一致，就变成分词结构。,.,原文Theyoungmancouldnthelpcryingwhenheheardthebadnews.,修正Hearingthebadnews,theyoungmancouldnthelpcrying.,原文Ifeverythingistakenintoconsideration,weoughttohaveanotherchance.,修正Everythingtakenintoconsideration,weoughttohaveanotherchance.,.,1Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.（使用V-ing形式）.2.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名词性从句）3.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型)4.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.(用虚拟语气）,Onhisarriving,pleasegivemeane-mail.,Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.,Practice改写句子,Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.,Icouldnthavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.,.,5.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.(使用V-ing形式)6.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.（用并列句）7HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.(使用倒装句),NosoonerhadhecomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.,Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.,Studyhardandyoullmakerapidprogress.,.,1.通过使用网络与家人联系是很方便的（2010南通模拟）,ItisconvenienttokeepintouchwithyourfamilybyusingtheInternet.,2.我们所需要做的是冷静下来,反思我们的学习方法。（2010扬州模拟）,Whatweneedtodoistocalmdownandreflectonourlearningmethod.,3.只有以这种方式，我们才能进步。（2010潍坊模拟）,Onlyinthisway,canwemakeprogress.,熟能生巧,Translatethesentences,.,4.我们对自己的态度才是最关键的。（2010苏州模拟）,Itisourattitudetoourselvesthatmatters(counts).,5.坐在一盘子粽子前，这个男孩不知道如何打开他们。（unwrap)（2010淄博模拟）,Sittingbeforeaplateofzongzi,theboydidntknowhowtounwrapthem.,6.正如图中所示，爱就像黑暗中的一盏灯。（2008北京模拟）,Asisshowninthepicture,loveislikealampinthedark.,.,但是值得提醒的是，同学们在使用复杂的句型和结构时，要有把握能正确地表达；也要注意分寸，应根据书面表达的内容和篇章结构而定，做到地道得体，千万不能生搬硬套，画蛇添足。,多看多背多模仿多翻译,.,走近高考范文,Fillintheblanks,（2009山东）,1._(众所周知）thatChinaisacountrywithalonghistory.2._(随着春节的临近），peoplewillholdallvarietiesofactivities.3._(自从我见过史密斯先生已经好久了）andImisshimalot.,Itiswellknown,WiththeSpringFestivaldrawingnear,IthasbeenalongtimesinceIsawMr.Smith,.,（2009北京）,1.Webicycledtothesuburbstoplanttrees,_(一路上有说有笑）.2._(一到达），webegantoworkimmediately.3._(看到一排排的树），weallhaveasenseofachievement.,talkingandlaughingalltheway,Uponarrival,Seeingthelinesoftrees,.,1.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名词性从句）3.Hedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型)4.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.(用虚拟语气）,Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.,Practice怎样使用较丰富的句式和高级词汇,Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.,Icouldnthavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.,.,5.Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(使用过去分词)6.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.(使用V-ing形式)7.Iwontbelievewhathesays.（nomatterwhat状语从句）8.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.（祈使句+and）,Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.,Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.,Nomatterwhathesays,Iwontbelieve.,Studyhardandyoullmakerapidprogress.,.,9HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.(使用倒装句)10.Weallthinkheisagreatman.(thinkhighlyof)11.Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.(turnout)12.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited.(themorethemore),NosoonerhadhecomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.,Weallthinkhighlyofhim.,Theplanturnedouttobeafailure.,Themorehespoke,themoreexcitedhefelt.,.,书写潦草、字数不够或未能传达读者任何信息，得分,0,.,卷面不整洁;涂改较多;语言错误多;层次不清;得分,5,.,Notgood!,.,Worse!,.,Neat!,.,.,Letstry!,.,假设你是一名大学新生，遇到了大学生们常遇到的情况:在新校园里，倍感孤独，总是不能照顾好自己，故常想家。更糟的是，食物、气候不适应，钱物容易丢失，与他人友好相处有些费劲。总之，你感到你不像以前的你了。令你高兴的是，老师的话鼓舞了你，你下定决心适应大学生活，不管多么艰难。,.,1.备词,takecareof/lookafter/attendto/keepaneyeon/careforagreewith/suit/adaptoneselfto/beaccustomedtodoingsth./adjustoneselfto/beadjustedtohavesomedifficultyindoingsth/thereissomedifficultyin(ones)doingsth.decidetodosth./makeuponesmindtodosth./bedeterminedtodosth,.,2.造句,1.Ifeellonelyatanewuniversity.ItisatanewuniversitythatIfeellonely.ItisthefirsttimethatIhavebeenatuniversity,whichleadsmetofeellonely.2.Icanttakegoodcareofmyself,so/asaresultIoftenfeelhomesick.Icantattendtomyselfwell,feelinghomesickBecauseIcanttakegoodcareofmyself,Ioftenfeelhomesick.3.Becauseofdifferentclimatesandfood,theyoftenfeelsick.Differentclimatesandfooddontagreewith/suitme.Idontadjustmyselftodifferentclimatesandfood.,.,4.Ihavesomedifficultyingettingonwellwithothers.Thereissomedifficultyingettingonwellwithothers.Itisdifficu