U2重点单词讲解ppt课件

.,1,Unit2Heroes重点单词讲解,.,2,Lesson1ModernHeroes,.,3,1.calmadj.镇静的，沉着的Weshouldkeepcalmwhenweareindanger.当我们处于危险的时候，要保持镇静。calmv.(使)平静；(使)镇静Movedbywhatshesaid,hecouldhardlycalmdown.由于被她那些话所感动,他很难平静下来。calmdown平静下来keep/remaincalm保持镇静calmsb./sth.down使.平静下来Itisimportanttokeepcalminanemergency.情况紧急的时候，保持镇静是重要的。,.,4,Eg.Shetriedtothefrightenedgirl,butfailed.A.lookdownB.calmdownC.getdownD.godown,B,.,5,calm/quiet/still/silent均有”寂静的，无声无息“的意思calm:普通用词，既可指天气、海洋等的平静状态，又可指人的镇定沉着、不慌乱，不受外界影响和情绪支配。quiet:普通用词，指没有喧闹、活动或骚乱的寂静状态。still:指平静而又安定的状态。silent:普通用词，指缄默不语或无声无息,.,6,2.generousadj慷慨的，大方的；大量的，丰富的generouslyadv.大方地；宽宏大量地（反义词selfishly）generosityn.慷慨，大方；宽宏大量tosb.对某人宽容ofsb.todosth.某人做某事慷慨大方begenerouswithsth.（用钱等）大方indoingsth.乐于做某事Itwasgenerousofyoutolendthemyournewcarfortheirholiday.你非常大方，能把你的新车借给他们去度假。Heisgenerousingivinghelpwithmoney.他乐于在金钱上提供帮助。,.,7,agenerousgift/offer/increase丰厚的礼物/慷慨的提议/大量的增加agenerousmind/spirit高尚的心/精神Ifeltguiltysayingthat,playingonhergenerosity.我说这话是利用了她的慷慨，对此我感到愧疚。Hetreatedthemwithgenerosityandthoughtfulness.他待他们宽容大度、体贴周到。,.,8,Hedidntselfishlykeepforhimselfthemoneyinheritedfromhisuncle.Instead,hemadeacontributiontohelpthecommunity.A.commericalB.generousC.comparableD.profitable,B,.,9,3.violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的，强烈的；剧烈的violentlyadv.暴力地；猛烈地；强烈地violencen.暴力；暴行；猛烈Violentcriminalslikethataredangerstosociety.那种暴力罪犯对社会是一种危害。Heissufferingfromviolentpains.他承受着极度的痛苦。Theyoungmanwaschargedwithrobberywithviolence.这个年轻人被控暴力抢劫。,.,10,earthquakesoftenleavemanypeoplehomeless.Likewise,canalsoproducethesameresult.A.Cruel;muchtooviolenceB.Cruel;toomanyviolencesC.Violent;quiteafewviolenceD.Violent;toomuchviolence,D,.,11,4.charactern.人物，角色；性质；特色；性格；汉字incharacter符合某人性格；风格相同（withsth.）outofcharacter不符合某人性格build(up)onescharacter磨练意志amajor/leadingcharacter主角Chinesecharacters汉字,.,12,Heisamanofstrongcharacter.他是一个个性很强的人。Ifindallthecharactersinhisnewnovelamusingandinteresting.我发现他新小说中的人物都很风趣，逗人HedescribedthecharacterofthecharacterheplayedwithtwoChinesecharacters.,.,13,5.explorev.探索；探测；探险explorern.探险者explorationn.勘探；探索，探究exploratoryadj.探索的，探究的；探测的Assoonaswearrivedontheisland,wewereeagertoexplore.我们一来到岛上就急不可耐地考察起来,.,14,词义辨析：explore/uncover/discoverexplore指通过科学方法或旅行去发现尚未知晓的领域或地方，表示“探究”uncover意为“揭去的覆盖物；使露出；揭露”discover指发现原已存在但未被人知道的事物，作“发现，发觉”ColumbusdiscoveredAmericain1492.哥伦布在1492年发现了美洲。,.,15,6.reportern.作报告的人；作报道的人;记者；通讯员；新闻广播员Ourreporterwasthefirstpersononthescene.我们的记者是最先到达出事地点的。Thatreporterhasanosefornews.那位新闻记者对新闻特别敏感。词义辨析：reporter/journalistreporternewsreporter“新闻记者”，特指外出采访的记者。journalist“记者”泛指新闻工作者，如报纸的编辑、采访记者、摄影记者都可以叫journalist,.,16,7.letout发出，放出，释放，泄露letin让进来，允许进入letalone更不用说letdown把.放下；让失望Dontletitoutaboutmylosingthejob,willyou?,.,17,8.millionsof数百万1.hundred,thousand,million,billion,dozen,score表示大致概念时，用复数形式，后跟oftwodozeneggs24个鸡蛋dozensoftimes数十次2.of不能用在明确的数次之后，但在the,them,these,those等之前或所有格之前则例外。tenoftheblueonesfourofTomsbrotherTom3.当这些词与afew,several,many等数目不具体的词连用时，带不带-s均可，但是加-s后跟ofThereIsawseveralhundredforeignguests.=ThereIsawseveralhundredsofforeignguests.,.,18,9.makeup编造，和解，弥补，化妆，组成Weneedtwomorestudentstomakeupateam.bemadeupof被组成makeupfor补偿makeit及时达到，取得成功makeout辨认出，明白，理解makegood/fulluseof好好/充分利用makeroomfor为腾地方,.,19,10.Chinasfirstmannedspaceshipliftedoffat9a.m.onWednesday,October15th,2003inJiuquan,GansuProvince.2003年10月15日。星期三上午九时，中国第一艘载人宇宙飞Chinasfirstmanned多个形容词修饰同一个名词asmallroundstonetable限定描绘大长高形状年龄和新老颜色国籍跟材料作用类别往后靠,.,20,一朵美丽的小红花那四间老旧的灰色的木房子一件新的漂亮的意大利的黑皮夹克,abeautifullittleredflower,thosefourold-looking,grey,woodenhouses,abeautifulnewblackItalianleatherjacket,.,21,studentarerequiredtotakepartinthefootballgame.A.TwelvestrongyoungChineseB.TwelveChinesestrongyoungC.ChinesetwelveyoungstrongD.YoungstrongtwelveChinese,A,.,22,.,23,AsYangLiweireturnedintotheearthsatmosphere,helicopterswereflyingtowherehewouldland,readytocollecthim.,as引导时间状语从句，where引导宾语从句，readytocollecthim作状语,Theoldwomanlayinbed,silent.(伴随)Hewastooexcited,unabletosayaword.(结果),.,24,Jenniferwasinthekitchen,withherhandsinabowlofflour,whenshesawasmallboyclimbintoatruck.詹妮弗正在厨房和面，这时，她看到一个男孩爬上了一辆卡车。形容词/副词介词短语With+宾语+宾补动词不定式/现在分词过去分词,在句中可作定语/状语表示伴随，方式，条件，原因等,.,25,Afterthelongjourney,thethreeofthemwentbackhome,.A.hungryandtiredlyB.hungryandtiredC.hungrilyandtiredlyD.hungrilyandtired,B,.,26,theboyswereshoutingandsinging.A.HappyandexcitedB.HappilyandexcitedC.HappilyandexcitedlyD.Happyandexcitedly,A,.,27,11辨析atmosphere/state/situation/phenomenonatmosphere:气氛，尤其带有有感情色彩。Thecoldatmosphereinthatroommademeuncomfortable.state:状态,指感情的状况,或者专业术语中使用.shemethimduringthestateofsadness.situation:状况，多指事态。Thesituationgotmoreandmoreserious.phenomenon:现象，通常比较抽象的现象，社会，自然，人际。Thiswillbeanewphenomenonamongmen.,.,28,Lesson2HistoryMakers,.,29,12.foundvt.建立，创立，创办Hisfamilyfoundedthecollegein1912.他的家族foundern.创始人，奠基人foundationn.基础；奠基；基金会Therumoristotallywithoutfoundation.谣言纯粹是无中生有。,.,30,词义辨析found创建，建立（组织，机构，国家，学校等）build建设，建造（具体的或抽象事物）putup建造，搭起（建造高于地面的建筑物）setup开设，建立（生意，公司，公益医院）form构成，形成（关系网，观点，习惯等）setupaflag竖起旗帜putupatent搭起帐篷foundainstitute建立研究院buildsomehospitals建一些医院formahabit/anopinion养成习惯，形成观点在1912年创立了这个学院。,.,31,13.equaladj.相等的；平等的；胜任的equalityn.平等；相等；胜任equallyadv.平等地；相等地；均等地beequalto（doing）sth.等于；胜任（做）某事,.,32,Allmenarebornequal.人人生而平等。Chinahasalwaysinsistedthatallcountries,bigorsmall,shouldbeequal.中国历来主张国家不分大小，应该一律平等。Imnotequaltotheposition.我胜任不了那个职位。Twenty-fiveaddedtofifteenisequaltoforty.15和25相加等于40。Hehasnoequalinmusic.他在音乐方面没有匹敌.,.,33,14.strugglevi.n.搏斗；斗争；拼搏struggleagainst为反对而斗争strugglewith与打架，与斗争/在内心与(自己、自己的良心等)进行斗争strugglefor为而斗争Hestruggledagainstthosewhoopposedhisplan.他与那些反对他的计划的人进行了斗争。Afterstrugglingwithmyselfforsomedays,Idecidedtoaccepthisproposal.经过好几天的思想斗争，我决定接受他的求婚。,.,34,词义辨析：struggle/fightstruggle/fight两个词均有“战斗，战争”之意。struggle:指激烈或时间持续长的战斗或奋力斗争。fight:最普通用词，含义广，指战斗、斗争或打斗。,.,35,词义辨析：agreewith/agreeon/agreetoagreewith同意某人或某人的话agreeon主要指双方经过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议agreeto后接名词，表示同意或接受某事，尤其指别人提出的某事（有时含有批准的意思）Heagreedwiththemabouttheneedforchange.就需要改变这点他与他们达成共识。Bothsidesagreedontheseterms.双方都同意这些条件。Sheagreedtomygoinghome.她同意我回家。,.,36,15.marchn.行军；行进；游行抗议apeacemarch反战游行Thesoldiershadalongmarchtoreachthecampbeforethenightfell.士兵们经过长途行军才在黄昏前到达了营地。,.,37,themarchoftime时光流逝quick/slowmarch快/慢步走stealamarchonsb.抢先某人一步onthemarch在发展中They20milestoreachthecapital.A.walkB.ranC.marchedD.coveredwith,C,.,38,gotoprison进监狱，入狱beinprison在狱中beheldinprison被监禁putsb.in/intoprison把某人送进监狱send/takesb.toprison把某人送进监狱,.,39,Heretiredin1999andnowtravelsaroundtheworld,meetingleadersandtalkingaboutproblemslikeAIDS.Thereisnogreaterpleasurethanlyingonmybackinthemiddleofthegrassland,atthenightsky.A.tostareB.staringC.staredD.havingstared,现在分词作伴随状语,B,.,40,Ihaveadreamthatmyfourlittlechildrenwillonedayliveinanationwheretheywillnotbejudgedbythecolouroftheirskin,butbythecontentoftheircharacter.judgev.判断，断定，估计，评价judgeby/from根据判断contentn.内容adj.满足的，满意的，知足的becontenttodosth./withsth.对.满意,.,41,fromthewayhespeaks,heisverymodest.A.HavingjudgeB.JudgingC.JudgedD.JudgeTheagedpeoplearesimplytohavetheiroffspringbesidetheminsteadofreceivingexpensivegiftsfromthem.A.curiousB.contentC.anxiousD.worried,B,B,.,42,Lesson3SportsStars,.,43,16.brilliantadj.卓越的；灿烂的；美妙的；杰出的；才华横溢的brilliantlyadv.灿烂地；辉煌地；光亮地Thebrilliantsunlituptheirrooms.灿烂的阳光照亮了他们的屋子。Oneortwooftheplayersperformedbrilliantly.一两个演员表演得非常精彩。,.,44,17.skillfuladj.有技术的；熟练的；巧妙的Ilikemakingthingsbyhandbecausemymotherisveryskillful.构词法：“n+ful”构成形容词skill(n.)技能，本领-skillful（adj）有技能的，有技术的；熟练的peace(n.)和平；平静-peaceful(adj.)和平的；平静的stress(n.)压力-stressful(adj.)有压力的awe(n.)敬畏；恐惧-awful（adj）可怕的；极坏的,.,45,beskilfulatdoingsth.擅长做某事skilln.技术，技能，技巧skilledadj.有技能的，熟练的beskilledin熟练/擅长,.,46,uselessadj.差劲的；无用的useful有用的，有益的beuselessatdoingsth.做方面很差劲Itisuselesstodo/doingsth.Itisnousedoingsth.做某事没有用,.,47,peten.竞争；比赛；对抗competitionn.竞争；比赛；竞赛competitorn.竞争者；对手competitiveadj.竞争的，比赛的；求胜心切的competitivelyadv有竞争力地；好竞争地competewith/against与.一同竞争competefor为了什么而竞争，后加目地,.,48,HeshopingtocompeteintheLondonmarathon.他期盼着参加伦敦马拉松比赛。Thecompanyfacestoughcompetition.这家公司面临着艰难的竞争。Americaisacompetitivesociety.美国是一个充满竞争的社会。Wecancompeteagainstanybodyandwecanwin.我们可以与任何人竞争而且能赢得胜利。,.,49,keenadj.强烈的，渴望的，热心的，着迷的bekeenonsth.热衷于bekeentodosth.=beeagertodosth.渴望做某事bekeenthatDollywantstotravelroundtheworldandsheisreallykeentheidea.A.onB.forC.atD.with,A,.,50,amazingadj.令人吃惊的，令人惊喜的amazementn.惊奇amazed吃惊的inamazement惊奇地toonesamazement令人惊奇的beamazedat对大为吃惊,.,51,fortunatelyadv.幸运地unfortunately不幸地fortunate幸运的fortune运气，财产，命运makeafortune发财be/feelfortunatetodosth.很幸运地做了某事,.,52,lookback回顾，追忆lookbackonsth.回首，回忆，回顾lookat看lookafter照顾lookinto向里看，调查lookdownupon轻视lookforwardto期望lookfor寻找looklike看起来像lookthrough浏览lookaround四处看lookout小心lookup查阅，查找，抬头看，向上看,.,53,expressa/aninterestin对表现出的兴趣developaninterestin对感兴趣feel/have/show/takeaninterestinbe/becomeinterestedinloseinterestin对.失去兴趣keep/holdonesinterest吸引住某人的兴趣,.,54,cometoanend完结，结束putanendtobringsth.toanend使结束endupwith以结束endupas最终成为endup结束endin以告终，结果是,.,55,eventn.事件，大事；项目；结果ThiseventwillbecoveredlivebyTV.此事将由电视作现场报道。Thiseventhasmadetheheadlines.这件事成了重大新闻。,.,56,词义辨析:event/accident/incident/affair这些名词均有“事故、事件”之意。accident：强调偶然或意外发生的不幸事情。incident：既可指小事件或附带事件，又可指政治上具有影响的事件或事变。event：可指任何大小事件，但尤指历史上的重大事件。affair常用复数形式，已发生或必须要做的事情；也可指个人的“暧昧关系”acaraccident汽车事故shootingincident暗杀事件afund-raisingevent筹款之事foreignaffairs外交事件,.,57,Sincethen,shehaswonWimbledonandtheUSOpentwice.since自从以来，连词，引导时间状语从句，常用于“现在完成时/现在完成进行时+since+一般过去时/表过去的时间点”结构中Ithasbeen/isthreedayssincehelefthome.ItisthreeyearssinceIsmokedacigar.ItisthreeyearssinceIbegantosmokeacigar.,“Itis+一段时间+since从句”句意取决于从句中谓语动词是否是延续性动词，如果是延续性或者表示状态的动词，应从动作结束算起，如果是短暂性动词应从动作开始算起。,.,58,Brandi,thesistersmother,taughtherdaughtersathomesothattheycompletedtheirhighschoolwhiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers.本句为主从复合句，sothat引导的是结果状语从句,相当于inorderthat,目的状语从句里常用情态动词may,can,might或could表示目的。不能把目的状语从句和结果状语从句混淆.,妈妈布兰迪则在家中教两姐妹文化知识，这样才使她们既没有间断网球生涯，又能顺利地完成高中学业。,.,59,Hespokeatthetopofhisvoicesothatthestudentsatthebackcouldhearhim.Hespokeatthetopofhisvoice,sothatthestudentsatthebackheardhim.,目的,结果,.,60,whiledevelopingtheirtenniscareers为时间状语从句的省略，完整形式为whiletheyweredevelopingtheirtenniscareers。当状语从句的主语与主句的主语一致时且从句中含有be动词的某种形式时，可以省略状语从句的主语和系动词be。,例如：While(hewas)holdingtalkswithpresidentHuJintao,USpresidentGeorgeW.BushthankedChinaforitsimportantroleinthesix-partytalks.美国总统布什在与胡锦涛主席会谈时，感谢中国在六方会谈中起的重要作用。,.,61,Iftolookafterluggageforsomeoneelse,informthepoliceatonce.A.askedB.toaskC.askingD.havingaskedTherearesomehealthproblemsthat,whenintime,canbecomebiggeroneslateron.A.nottreatedB.notbeingtreatedC.nottobetreatedD.nothavingbeentreated,A,A,.,62,Lesson4Superhero,.,63,1.promotevt.促进；提升；宣传promotionn.促进；发扬；宣传；促销；提升Ifyoukeepyournoseclean,thebossmightpromoteyou.你若是规规矩矩的，老板就可能提拔你。Themeetingdiscussedhowtopromotepeace.会议讨论了如何促进和平。Sheisresponsibleforsalespromotion.她负责推销工作。,.,64,mitvt犯罪；做错事；使.承担义务committedadj尽心尽力的；忠心耿耿的commitmentn承诺；奉献commitsuicide自杀commitacrime犯罪commitoneselftosb/sth对某人承诺；答应对某事负责becommittedto(doing)sth致力于；委身于；以.为己任Hewouldnotcommithimselfinanyway.他不愿做出任何承诺。Aftershootinghiswife,hecommittedsuicideinthebedroom.在开枪打死妻子后，他在卧室自杀。,.,65,3involvevt.参与；涉及involvewith和.有密切联系；和.混在一起getinvolvedwith参加，参与；与.关系密切beinvolvedin.包含在.;与.有关；被卷入；专心做.Shewasdeeplyinvolvedwiththelocalhospital.她曾把精神和时间投入当地医院。,.,66,4.confidencen.信心；确信，自信confidentlyadv自信地；安心地beconfidentof=besureof确信beconfidentin.对.有信心beconfidentthat.确信.IthinkIamfullyconfidentofhissuccess.我想我完全肯定他能成功。Hefeltconfidentinthefuture.他对未来充满信心。,.,67,5.ononesown=byoneself独立地（凭自己的力量）Aftergraduation,helivesonhisown.毕业后他就独立生活了。ofonesown某人自己的.（常用作定语）Forreasonsofhisown,herefusedtojointheclub.因为个人原因，他不愿意加入该俱乐部。,.,68,6.词义辨析：give词组giveup放弃,戒掉givein屈服；投降；让步giveaway泄露；分发giveout发出（光，热等）；分发giveoff发出；放出；散发出givemefive击掌；加油givesbahand帮某人一把givesb.alift捎某人一段,.,69,etodosth经过一个过程，开始.，逐渐.；做出（决定）；得出（结论）Ihopeweshallbefriendsandcometounderstandoneanother.我希望我们能成为朋友，彼此互相了解。whenitcomesto（doing）sth一说到.就.；说到某事cometoconclusion得出结论cometo（oneself）清醒过来；回复知觉；回复镇定,.,70,8.pullthrough度过难关；度过危机；恢复健康Hewillpullthroughhisillnesssoon.他很快就会恢复健康的。Togetherwealwayspullthrough.我们总是一起度过难关。ThedoctorsaidIwasnotgoingtopullthrough.医生说我无法康复了。,.,71,9.getaway休假，离开，摆脱getawaywith携某物离开getdownto开始做，开始认真对待getacross被传达，被理解getoutof摆脱，戒除getoff离开，停止讨论getover克服，恢复getholdof抓住getaround四处走动，传播,.,72,10.injuryn.伤害；损害；受伤injurev.危害；损害；伤害；亏待，使委屈injuredadj受伤的；受损害的Theinsurancepolicyprotectsyouagainstinjury.如遭伤害，这保险单保证偿付你的损失。,.,73,词义辨析：hurt/injure/wound/cuthurt:为普通用语，既可指肉体上的伤害（可被badly,slightly,seriously等修饰），也可指精神上、感情上的伤害，（被verymuch/rather/deeply修饰），多指伤痛。Ihurtmylegbadlyinthefootballmatch.injure:比hurt正式，主要指意外事故中损害健康、容貌等，强调功能的损失Abulletinjuredhislefteye.一颗子弹伤了他的左眼wound:指枪伤、刀伤、刺伤等皮肉之伤Thethiefwoundedhimwithaknife.cut:指无意中造成的轻伤。Howdidyougetthatcutonyourhand?,.,74,WhenitcomestoGerman,Iknownothing.谈到德语，我一窍不通。Itsveryhardforustocometoaconclusion.我们很难下结论。WhenJackcameto,hewaslyingontheroadandhiswalletwasgone.当杰克醒过来的时候，他躺在马路上，钱包已经不见了。,.,75,11.pullin车停下；进站；靠岸pulldown拆；使.下跌pullout离开；车子出战Lets