梅毒(英文)ppt课件

,梅毒,Syphilis,Thefirstdiscoveredvenerealdisease,1,Whatissyphilis?,Treponema-pallidum（苍白密螺旋体）,SyphilisisasexuallytransmittedinfectioncausedbythebacteriumTreponematrepni:mpallidumpli:dmsubspeciespallidum.Thesignsandsymptomsofsyphilisvarydependinginwhichofthefourstagesitpresents(primary,secondary,latent,andtertiary),2,routeoftransmission,Syphilisistransmittedprimarilybysexualcontactorduringpregnancyfromamothertoherfetus;thespirochete（螺旋体）isabletopassthroughintactmucousmembranes(完整的粘膜）orcompromisedskin（受损的皮肤）.,3,Symptom,Theprimarystageclassicallypresentswithasinglechancre(afirm,painless,non-itchyskinulceration)buttheremaybemultiplesores.,4,Insecondarysyphilisadiffuserashoccurs,whichfrequentlyinvolvesthepalmsofthehandsandsolesofthefeet.Theremayalsobesoresinthemouthorvagina.,5,Inlatentsyphilis,whichcanlastforyears,therearelittletonosymptoms,butinfactitspotentiallycorradingyourbody.,Intertiarysyphilistherearegummas(softnon-cancerousgrowths),neurological,orheartsymptoms.,6,Whatstheorigin?,Theexactoriginofsyphilisisdisputed.SyphiliswasdefinitelypresentintheAmericasbeforeEuropeancontact,anditmayhavebeencarriedfromtheAmericastoEuropebythereturningcrewmenfromChristopherColumbussvoyagetotheAmericas;,ColumbopetitionedthequeenEmanuelLeutze,7,Naplessickness,FrenchDisease,Polishdisease,Christiandisease,8,Portugaldisease,Guangdongsore,Chinasore,9,IvanandhissonIlyaYafimovichRepin,KingHenryVIII,10,Howcanwecureit?,Guaiacumofficinale(药用俞创树),制备治疗梅毒的俞创木-JohannesStradanus,11,Mercury（水银）,Arsenic（砒霜）,12,Potassiumiodide（碘化钾）,13,Thefirstwonderdrug,PaulEhrlich（18541915）,Salvarsan（砷凡纳明）,14,Nowadays,Penicillin,15,Howcanwepreventsyphilis,VaccineAsof2010,thereisnovaccineeffectiveforprevention.Severalvaccinesbasedontreponemaltrepni:mproteinsreducelesiondevelopmentinananimalmodel,andresearchisongoing.,16,SexCondomusereducesthelikelihoodoftransmissionduringsex,butdoesnotcompletelyeliminatetherisk.TheCentersfordiseaseControlandPreventionstates,Correctandconsistentuseoflatexcondomscanreducetheriskofsyphilisonlywhentheinfectedareaorsiteofpotentialexposureisprotected.However,asyphilissoreoutsideoftheareacoveredbyalatexcondomcanstillallowtransmission,socautionshouldbeexercisedevenwhenusingacondom.Abstinencefromintimatephysicalcontactwithaninfectedpersoniseffectiveatreducingthetransmissionofsyphilis.TheCDCstates,Thesurestwaytoavoidtransmissionofsexuallytransmitteddiseases,includingsyphilis,istoabs