非限制性定语从句完整版ppt课件

Grammar,TheRestrictiveandNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause,.,Theoldmanhasason,whoisinthearmy.Theoldmanhasasonwhoisinthearmy.,非限制性定语从句,限制性定语从句,这位老人有一个儿子，在部队工作。（隐含的意义：只有一个儿子）,这位老人有个在部队工作的儿子。(隐含的意义：也许老人还有其他的儿子，在干别的工作),.,Jimdoesntliketoaskquestionswhichmakehisteacherangry.Jimdoesntliketoaskquestions,whichmakeshisteacherangry.,限制性定语从句,吉姆不喜欢问使老师生气的问题。（which修饰questions）,非限制性定语从句,吉姆不喜欢问问题，这让老师很生气。（which修饰前面的整个句子）,Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)b)Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。(Shehasonlytwobrothers.),品味一“翻”,下面两个句子只有一个逗号之差,意义大相径庭。Hewillwearnoclotheswhichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.他不会穿一些使他显得与众不同的衣服。b)Hewillwearnoclothes,whichwillmakehimdifferentfromothers.他不穿衣服,这会使他显得与众不同。,非限制性定语从句,构成：,+,+,先行词,Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).,+,其他部分,.,Conclusion,1.限制性定语从句与先行词关系（A:密切;B:松散），是先行词(A:可缺少;B:不可缺少)的部分,去掉它，主句意思(A:不明确;B:明确.)翻译时,从句先译,“的”2.非限制性定语从句是对先行词的补充说明,去掉（A:会影响;B:不会影响）主句的意思。翻译时，主句先译，从句单独成句,A,B,A,B,非限制性定语从句中关系词的指代关系,主语,主语宾语,定语,宾语,指代整个主句,关系副词(where,when)的指代关系,时间状语,地点状语,that,why不能在非限制性定语从句中使用。,tip,介词+which,.,修饰_,修饰_或_,无_与主句分开,有_与主句分开,使用时可以用that引导,与主句语意关系_(紧凑/松散)，定从_(不能/能)删除,与主句语意关系_,定从_删除,使用时不能用_引导,紧凑,不能,松散,能,先行词,先行词,整个句子,逗号,逗号,that,当我们做非限制性定语从句的练习时,往往先确定先行词,然后再分析先行词在从句中的作用,再对关系词加以选择。,整理一番,.,.,1.Ilovethebook(which)Iboughtyesterday.2.ThisgiftwastheAmberRoom,whichwegavethisnamebecauseseveraltonsofamberwereusedtomakeit.,关系代词在限制性定语从句中作_时可以省略。关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可以_。,宾语,省略,.,3.Amiddle-agedwomankilledherhusband,whichfrightenedmeverymuch.4.Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallofus.,大多数定语从句的先行词往往为某一个词或短语,而有时非限制性定语从句的先行词也可为整个主句,此时非限制性定语从句常由_引导。,which,.,5.Shehasmarriedagain,whichdelightedus6.Spidersarenotinsects,asmanypeoplethink.=(Asmanypeoplethink,spidersarenotinsects.),as(译为_)引导的非限制性定语从句的位置比较灵活,可位于所修饰的句子之后,句中或句首;而由which(译为_)引导的非限制性定语从句一般不位于句首。,“正如”,“这”或“这件事”,.,7.Thisisthegirlwhom/whoImetinthestreet.8.Ayoungmanhadanewgirlfriend,whomhewantedtoimpress.,关系代词whom在限制性定语从句中作宾语时可用_代替，但在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时只能用_。（指人）,who,whom,As“正如、像一样”位置可放在主句前面，也可放在后面。而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后，且无“正如”之意。试比较下面两个句子。,Hewentabroad,_wasexpected.Hewentabroad,_wasunexpected.,as,which,当从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which引导。,.,两类定语从句的区别,.,.,non-restrictiveattributiveclause,错漏“摆”出,1.PeopleareexcitedtomeetZhaiZhigang,hewasthefirstChinesetowalkinspace.2.ManyChinesewillneverforgetMay12th,2008,whenabigearthquakehappenedinSichuanthen.3.WhichisshownonTV,manychildrensufferedalotfromthepollutedmilk.,he,who,then,去掉,Which,As,错漏“摆”出,4.ChinagotthemostgoldmedalsintheOlympics,thatmakespeopleexcited.5.IdreamofgoingtoBeijing,whichthe29thOlympicGameswasheld.,that,which,which,where/inwhich,.,Task1:Fillintheblanksusingwhich,as,when,who,whom,where,when,why,that.(1)StPetersburgisaverybeautifulcity,_wasoncecalledLeningrad.(2)InXian,Imetateacher,_hasastrongloveforculturalrelicsandtookmetovisitthehistorymuseum.,which,who,.,(3)Idontrememberthesoldier,_toldmenottotellanyonewhatIhadseen.(4)Mygrandfatherwasachildthen,_peopledidntpaymuchattentiontoculturalrelicsintheolddays.(5)Theymovedtheboxestoamine,_theywantedtohidethem.,who,when,where,.,(1)Whatsurprisedmewasnotwhathesaidbuttheway_hesaidit.(2)Werejusttryingtoreachapoint_bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.(06山东）,(that/inwhich),where,Task2:Practice.,.,(3)_isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.(4)Thisistheveryhouse_helived.(5)Nextwinter,_youwillspendinHarbin,Imsure,willbeanotherexcitingholiday.(6)Thatsthereason_hewaslate.,As,where,which,why,.,(7)Thepicturesbroughtthedaysbacktotheold_theyswamintheriver.(8)Robertandhissongs_werefamousintheU.S.arealsopopularinChina.(9)Theyarealwayssmoking,_ofcourse,willdoharmtotheirhealth.(10)Thesituation_youusethewordsisveryclearinfact.,when,that,which,where,.,1.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.AwhatBwhichCthatDit2._isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearth.AItBAsCThatDWhat3.HaveyouseenthefilmTitanic,_leadingactorisverypopular.AitsBwhatCthatDwhose,.,4.RecentlyIboughtavase,_wasveryhigh.AwhichpriceBitspriceCth