高级英语1-Unit4-Oxford-教案-1ppt课件

Unit4Oxford,新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）高级英语1电子教案,Contents,DetailedReading,WarmUp,GlobalReading,ConsolidationActivities,FurtherEnhancement,TextAppreciation,Section1:WarmUp,Lookatthetwopictures,andanswerthefollowingquestions.,1.Howwillyoudescribethetowninthepictures?2.Doyoulikethetown?Whyorwhynot?,Lead-in,BackgroundInformation,Section1:WarmUp,Expressionsyoumightusefordescribingthepictures:Splendid,poetical,graceful,mysterious,picturesque,peaceful,stately,grave,dignity,charm,solemn,quaint,paradise,classical,Gothic,dreamland,Lead-in,BackgroundInformation,Section1:WarmUp,AbouttheAuthorArthurChristopherBenson(1862-1925)wasanEnglishessayist,poetandauthor,andthe28thMasterofMagdaleneCollege,Cambridge.Hispoemsandvolumesofessays,suchasFromaCollegeWindow,andTheUptonLetters(essaysintheformofletters)werefamousinhisday;andheleftoneofthelongestdiarieseverwritten,somefourmillionwords.,1862-1925,BackgroundInformation,Lead-in,Section1:WarmUp,Today,heisbestrememberedastheauthorofthewordstooneofBritainsbest-lovedpatrioticsongs,“LandofHopeandGlory”,andasabrothertonovelistsE.F.BensonandRobertHughBenson,andtoEgyptologistMargaretBenson.,BackgroundInformation,Lead-in,Section1:WarmUp,AboutOxfordOxfordisacityincentralsouthernEngland,andhomeoftheUniversityofOxford.ThecityisthecountytownofOxfordshire,andhasapopulationofjustunder165,000.Oxfordhasadiverseeconomicbase.Itsindustriesincludemotormanufacturing,education,publishingandalargenumberofinformationtechnologyandscience-basedbusinesses.,BackgroundInformation,Lead-in,Section1:WarmUp,BuildingsinOxforddemonstrateanexampleofeveryEnglisharchitecturalperiodsincethearrivaloftheSaxons,includingtheiconic,mid-18thcenturyRadcliffeCamera.Oxfordisknownasthe“cityofdreamingspires”,atermcoinedbypoetMatthewArnoldinreferencetotheharmoniousarchitectureofOxfordsuniversitybuildings.TheUniversityofOxfordistheoldestuniversityintheEnglish-speakingworld.,BackgroundInformation,Lead-in,Section2:GlobalReading,Whatisthetextmainlyabout?,StructuralAnalysis,MainIdea,Inthishighlyemotionalyetwell-elaboratedessay,theauthorexpresseshisenthusiasticpraisesofOxford,firstaboutthebeautyofthebuildingsinOxford,thenaboutthebeautyofitsinnerspirit.,Section2:GlobalReading,Pleasedividethetextinto3partsandsummarizethemainideaofeachpart.,StructuralAnalysis,MainIdea,PartI,(Paragraph1)Introduction,InParagraph1,theauthorfirststatesthatpraiseworthythingsneednotbepraised,butabruptlydiscloseshispurposeofwritingthisarticle,i.e.topraiseOxford;thusemphasizingthebeautyofthiscity.,StructuralAnalysis,MainIdea,PartIII,(Paragraphs6-7)ThePureSpiritofOxford,Paragraphs6-7illustratethespiritofOxfordasenablingpeopletolivealifebothofsimplicityanddignity,makingthelifefullofhope,sensationandemotion,andholdingoutahopeofaffectingtheintellectualandspirituallifeoftheworld.,PartII,(Paragraphs2-5)TheBeautyofandtheAuthorsFeelingsabouttheBuildingsinOxford,Paragraphs2-5areabouttheauthorsfeelingstowardsthebuildingsofOxford.HepraisesthebeautyoftheoldnessandtheshabbyappearanceofOxfordbuildings,relatesthefeelingcausedbytheblacknessofthebuildings,anddiscussesthespiritreflectedbythebuildingsofOxford.,Section2:GlobalReading,Section3:DetailedReading,1Therearecertainthingsintheworldthataresopraiseworthythatitseemsaneedless,indeedanalmostlaughablethingtopraisethem;suchthingsareloveandfriendship,foodandsleep,springandsummer;suchthings,too,arethewisestbooks,thegreatestpictures,thenoblestcities.ButforallthatImeantotryandmakealittlehymninproseinhonourofOxford,acityIhaveseenbutseldom,andwhichyetappearstomeoneofthemostbeautifulthingsintheworld.,Oxford,QUESTION,Section3:DetailedReading,2Idonotwishtosingleoutparticularbuildings,buttopraisethewholeeffectoftheplace,suchasitseemedtomeonadayofbrightsunandcoolair,whenIwanderedhourafterhouramongthestreets,bewilderedandalmostintoxicatedwithbeauty,feelingasapoormanmightwhohaspinchedallhislife,andmadethemostofsinglecoins,andwhoisbroughtintothepresenceofaheapofpiled-upgold,andtoldthatitisallhisown.3IhaveseenitsaidinfoolishbooksthatitisamisfortunetoOxfordthatsomanyofthebuildingshavebeenbuiltoutof,QUESTION,Section3:DetailedReading,soperishableaveinofstone.Itisindeedamisfortuneinonerespect,thatittemptsmenofdullandprecisemindstorestoreandreplacebuildingsofincomparablegrace,becausetheiroutlineissoexquisitelyblurredbytimeanddecay.Iremembermyself,asachild,visitingOxford,andthinkingthatsomeofthebuildingswerealmostshamefullyruinousofaspect;nowthatIamwiserIknowthatwehaveinthesebatteredandfrettedpalace-frontsakindofbeautythatfillsthemindwithanalmostdespairingsenseofloveliness,tilltheheartacheswithgratitude,andthrillswiththedesiretoproclaimthegloryofthesightaloud.,Section3:DetailedReading,4Theseblack-frontedblisteredfacades,sothreatening,sosombre,yetscreeningsobrightandclearacurrentoflife;withthetendergreenofbuddingspringtrees,chestnutsfullofsilveryspires,glossy-leavedcreepersclinging,withtinyhands,tocorniceandparapet,givesurelythesharpestandmostdelicatesensethatitispossibletoconceiveofthecontrastonwhichtheessenceofsomuchbeautydepends.Topassthroughoneofthesedarkandsmoke-stainedcourts,witheverylinemellowedandharmonised,asifithadgrownupsooutoftheearth;tofindoneselfinasunnypleasaunce,carpetedwith,Section3:DetailedReading,velvetturf,andsetthickwithflowers,makesthespiritsighwithdelight.Nowhereintheworldcanoneseesuchathingasthosegreatgate-piers,withacognisancea-top,withagrilleofiron-workbetweenthem,allsweetlyentwinedwithsomeslimvagrantcreeper,thatgiveaglimpseandahintnomoreofafairy-landofshelterandfountainswithin.Ihaveseensuchpalacesstandinquietandstatelyparks,asold,asmajestic,asfinelyproportionedasthebuildingsofOxford;buttheveryblacknessofthecityair,andthedriftingsmokeofthetown,givesthataddedtouchofgrimnessand,Section3:DetailedReading,mysterythatthecountryairscannotcommunicate.Andevenfairersightsarecontainedwithin;thosepanelled,dark-roofedhalls,withtheirarrayofportraitsgravelyandintentlyregardingthestrangers;thechapels,withtheirsplendidclassicalscreensandstalls,richanddimwithancientglass.Thetowers,domes,andsteeples;andallsetnotinamereparadiseoflawnsandglades,butintheveryheartofacity,itselffullofquaintandancienthouses,butbusywithalltheactivityofabriskandprosperoustown;therebyagaingivingthestrongandsatisfyingsenseofcontrast,thesenseofeagerandevery-day,Section3:DetailedReading,caresandpleasures,sidebysidewiththesesecludedhavensofpeace,thecourtsandcloister,wheremenmayyetlivealifeofgentlethoughtandquietcontemplation,untroubled,nay,evenstimulated,bythepresenceofabustlinglifesonearathand,whichyetmaynotintrudeupontheolderdream.5Idonotknowwhethermytasteisentirelytrustworthy,butIconfessthatIfindtheItalianateandclassicalbuildingsofOxfordfinerthantheGothicbuildings.TheGothicbuildingsarequainter,perhaps,abouttheclassicalpicturesque,butthereisanairofsolemnpompandsoberdignityaboutthe,Section3:DetailedReading,classicalbuildingsthatharmonisesbetterwiththesenseofwealthandgravesecuritythatissocharacteristicoftheplace.TheGothicbuildingsseemasurvival,andhavethusamoreromanticinterest,amorepoeticalkindofassociation.Buttheclassicalporticosandfacadesseemtopossessanoblerdignity,andtoprovideamoreappropriatesettingformodernOxford;becausethespiritofOxfordismorethespiritoftheRenaissancethanthespiritoftheSchoolmen;andpersonallyIpreferthatecclesiasticismshouldbemoreofaflavourthanatemper;SchoolmenImeanthatthoughIrejoicetothinkthat,Section3:DetailedReading,soberecclesiasticalinfluencescontributeaseriousgracetothelifeofOxford,yetIamgladtofeelthatthespiritoftheplaceisliberalratherthanecclesiastical.SuchtracesasoneseesinthechapelsoftheOxfordMovement,intheshapeofpaltrystainedglass,starredreredoses,modernGothicwoodwork,wouldbepurelydeplorablefromtheartisticpointofview,iftheydidnotpossessahistoricalinterest.Theyspeakofinterrupteddevelopment,anattempttoputbacktheshadowonthedial,toreturntoanarrowerandmorerigidtone,toputoldwineintonewbottles,whichbetraysawantofconfidenceinthe,Section3:DetailedReading,expansivepowerofGod.Ihatewithadeep-seatedhatredallsuchattemptstobindandconfinetherisingtideofthought.Iwanttoseereligionvitalandnotformal,elasticandnotcrampedbyprecedentandtradition.AndthusIlovetoseeworshipenshrinedinnobleclassicalbuildings,whichseemtometospeakofadesiretoinfusetheintellectualspiritofGreece,thedignifiedimperialismofRomeintothemoretimidandsecludedecclesiasticallife,makingitfuller,larger,morefree,moredeliberate.,QUESTION,Section3:DetailedReading,6Butevenapartfromthebuildings,whichareafterallbutthebodyoftheplace,thesoulofOxford,itsinnerspirit,iswhatlendsititssatisfyingcharm.Ontheonehand,itgivesthesenseofthedignityoftheintellect;onereflectsthatherecanbelivedlivesofstatelysimplicity,ofhighenthusiasm,apartfrompersonalwealth,andyetsurroundedbyenoughofseemlydignitytogivelifethecharmofgraveorderandquietsolemnity.Hereareopportunitiesforpeacefulandcongenialwork,tothesoundofmellodiousbells;uninterruptedhours,asmuchsocietyofasimplekindasamancandesire,andthe,Section3:DetailedReading,wholewithabackgroundofexquisitebuildingsandrichgardens.Andthen,too,thereisthetideofyouthfullifethatfloodseverycorneroftheplace.Itisanendlesspleasuretoseethetroopsofslimandalertyoungfigures,fullofenjoymentandlife,withallthebestgiftsoflife,health,work,amusement,society,friendship,lyingreadytotheirhand.Thesenseofthisbeatingandthrillingpulseoflifecirculatingthroughthesesombreandsplendidbuildingsiswhatgivestheplaceitsinnerglow;thislifefullofhope,ofsensation,ofemotion,notyetshadowedordisillusionedorweary,seemstobeasthefireon,Section3:DetailedReading,thealtar,throwingupitssharpdartingtonguesofflame,itscloudsoffragrantsmoke,givingwarmthandsignificanceandafieryhearttoasombreshrine.7AndsoitisthatOxfordisinasortamagneticpoleforEngland;apolenot,perhaps,ofintellectualenergy,orstrenuousliberalism,orclamorousaims,orpoliticalideas;few,perhaps,ofthesturdyforcesthatmakeEnglandpotentlygreat,centrethere.ThegreatnessofEnglandis,Isuppose,madeupbyherbreezy,loud-voicedsailors,herlively,pluckysoldiers,herardent,undefeatedmerchants,hertranquil,Section3:DetailedReading,administrators;bythestubbornadventurousspiritthatmakesitselfathomeeverywhere,andfindsitnaturaltoassumeresponsibilities.ButtoOxfordsetthecurrentsofwhatmaybecalledintellectualemotion,theidealsthatmaynotmakeforimmediatenationalgreatness,butwhich,ifdelicatelyandfaithfullynurtured,holdoutatleastahopeofaffectingtheintellectualandspirituallifeoftheworld.ThereissomethingaboutOxfordwhichisnotintheleasttypicalofEngland,buttypicalofthelargerbrotherhoodthatisindependentofnationalities;thatisakintothespiritwhichin,Section3:DetailedReading,anylandandineveryagehasproducedimperishablemonumentsoftheardenthumansoul.ThetribeofOxfordisthetribefromwhoseheartsprangthePsalmsofDavid;HomerandSophocles,PlatoandVirgil,DanteandGoetheareallofthesamedivinecompany.ItmaybesaidthatJohnBull,thesturdyangelofEngland,turnshisbackslightinglyuponsuchinfluences;thatheregardsOxfordasanincidentalornamentofhisperson,likeasealthatjinglesathisfob.Butallgenerousanddelicatespiritsdoherasecrethomage,asaplacewheretheseedsofbeautyandemotion,ofwisdomand,Section3:DetailedReading,understanding,aresown,asinasecretgarden.Heartssuchasthese,evenwhirlingpastthatcelestialcity,amongherpoorsuburbs,feelaninexpressiblethrillatthesightofhertowersanddomes,herwallsandgroves.Quamdilectasunttabernacula,theywillsay;andtheywillbreatheareverentprayerthattheremaybenoleadingintocaptivityandnocomplaininginherstreets.,QUESTION,ACTIVITY,Section3:DetailedReading,InwhatwaydoestheauthorbringOxfordcityintodiscussion?(Paragraph1),Hestartswiththingsverygeneral,noble,important,andfamiliar,suchaslove,friendship,food,seasons,etc.,allofwhicharebeyondpeoplespraise.AndbyasuddenturnheleadsOxfordcityin,implicitlyjuxtaposingOxfordwithalltheformernoblethings,andarousingreadersinterestinthecity.,Section3:DetailedReading,Whydoestheauthorsayhedoesnotwishtosingleoutparticularbuildings,buttopraisethewholeeffectoftheplace?(Paragraph2),Itisbecauseadetaileddescriptionofparticularbuildingsmayturntheessayintoanordinarypieceoftravelnotes,whichisappropriatetorecordinginformationorexpressingemotion,butnottoconductingabstractandmetaphysicalthinking.Inpraisingthewholeeffectoftheplace,theauthorwouldfeelitconvenienttoleadthewritingintohisintendeddirection,thatis,toabstractthespiritofOxford.,Section3:DetailedReading,WhydoestheauthorliketheclassicalbuildingsofOxfordbetterthantheGothicbuildings?(Paragraph5),TheGothicbuildingsmaybemoreattractivesofarastheirclassicalbeautyisconcerned.YetsincetheyarecloselyconnectedwiththeMiddleAges,theymighteasilybringintopeoplesmindtheimageoftheDarkAge,aperiodoftimewhentheChurchforbadepeople,byitscrueldominance,toseekknowledgeotherthanwhatitofferedthem,whereastheclassicalbuildingsareassociatedwiththeRenaissancetime,aperiodsucceedingMedieval,Section3:DetailedReading,timewhenhumannaturewasliberatedandthedignityofhumanbeingsgreatlyenhanced.Theylook“solemn”and“sober”,whichremindspeopleof“reason”characterizingtheRenaissancetime,andmatcheswellthesenseofwealthandgravesecurityofthecity.WhatisrepresentedbytheclassicalbuildingsofOxfordisaspiritmoretolerant,down-to-earth,andrational,aspiritsharedbytheRenaissanceandOxford.,Section3:DetailedReading,Accordingtotheauthor,whatisthespiritofOxford?(Paragraph7),Theauthordoesnotgivehisreadersadirectdefinition.Instead,hedescribesitfromtwoaspects:oneisthatitgivesthesenseofthedignityoftheintellect;theotheristhatitmakesthelifeinOxford“fullofhope,ofsensation,ofemotion,notyetshadowedordisillusionedorweary.”Itiswhathenames“intellectualemotion”inthelastparagraph,whichcan“holdoutatleastahopeofaffectingtheintellectualandspirituallifeoftheworld.”,Section3:DetailedReading,ClassDiscussions1)Thinkofacityortownyoulikemost,anddescribeittoyourclassmates.2)Doyouhavethesamefeelingtowardsthecity/townyouarelivinginasdoestheauthortowardsOxford?Whyorwhynot?,Section3:DetailedReading,singleout:selectsb.orsth.fromamongmanyforspecialtreatment,e.g.,Heseemstohavebeensingledoutforallthenastyjobs.Jamiewasthrilledwhentheteachersingledouthispoemandaskedhimtoreaditout.,Section3:DetailedReading,intoxicated:a.excited,happyandslightlyoutofcontrolbecauseofanexperiencesuchaslove,success,etc.,e.g.,Shewasunderstandablyintoxicatedbyhersuccessinthenationalcompetition.Theywereintoxicatedwithvictory.,Section3:DetailedReading,pinch:v.tobemiserly;toliveinafrugalway,e.g.,Herparentspinchedandscrapedsothatshecouldstudysingingabroad.pinchandsave/scrape:liveinaverymiserlyway=省吃俭用,Section3:DetailedReading,perishable:a.likelytodecayquickly,e.g.,Fruitsareperishableintransit.,Section3:DetailedReading,battered:a.outofshapebecauseofage,regularuseorfrequentaccidents,e.g.,Yourcarlooksratherbattered.Afterthehurricane,thousandswererescuedfromthebatteredcoastaltowns.,Section3:DetailedReading,fret:v.wear(sth.)awaybyrubbingorbiting,e.g.,Theacidfrettedthemetal.,Section3:DetailedReading,mellow:v.(causesb./sth.to)becomefullyripeinflavourortaste,or(more)wiseandsympatheticthroughageorexperience(thanpreviously),e.g.,Winemellowswithage.Agehasmellowedhisattitudetosomethings.,Section3:DetailedReading,pleasaunce:n.Apleasaunceisamedievalwordmeaningagardenwithopenwalkwayswhereladiesandgentlemenmaytaketheairs.,Section3:DetailedReading,cognisance:n.adistinguishingmarkoremblem(asaheraldicbearing),Section3:DetailedReading,entwine:v.totwisttwothingstogetherortowindonethingaroundanother,e.g.,Theywalkedtogetherwiththeirarmsentwined.Theplantwillentwineroundthestickasitgrows.Rosesentwinethelittlecottage.Theoakwasentwinedwithivy.,Section3:DetailedReading,vagrant:a.(ofplants)trailing,i.e.growingalongthegroundorhangingdown(植物)蔓生的;continuallychanging,especiallyasfromoneabodeoroccupationtoanother,e.g.,avagrantlife=流浪生活vagrantthoughts=飘忽不定的思想,Transformation:,vagrantn.apersonwithoutasettledhomeorregularwork,Section3:DetailedReading,creeper:n.plantthatgrowsalongtheground,upwalls,etc,oftenwindingitselfroundotherplants匍匐植物;攀援植物,Section3:DetailedReading,stately:a.dignified;imposing;grand,e.g.,statelybuildings,Section3:DetailedReading,panel:v.coverordecorate(sth.)withaflatpieceofwood,glassetc.withstraightsides,whichformspartofadoor,wall,fence,etc.,e.g.,apanelledroom,ceiling,wall,etc.,apanelledroom,Section3:DetailedReading,array:n.agroupofpeopleorthings,especiallyonethatislargeorimpressive,e.g.,adazzlingarrayofflowersabewilderingarrayofoptions,Section3:DetailedReading,quaint:a.attractivebecauseofbeingunusualandespeciallyold-fashioned,e.g.,quaintlittlecottagesonthevillagegreen,Section3:DetailedReading,secluded:a.(ofaplace)notvisitedorseenbymanypeople,e.g.,asecludedgardenbehindhighwalls,Section3:DetailedReading,classicalbuildings:ClassicalarchitectureisatermusedtorefertobuildingsfromtheclassicalperiodofEuropeanhistory,spanningtheriseofGreeceintoamajorculturalpowerandendingwiththecollapseoftheRomanEmpire.SomewellknownexamplesofclassicalarchitectureincludetheParthenoninAthensandtheColiseuminRome.Oneofthemoredistinctivethemesofclassicalarchitectureisthesimple,yetbeautifulstylewithcleanlinesandsubtleaccentsintheformofmetaldecorationsorcarvings.Classicalarchitecturewasalsooftenbuiltonagrandscale,withimposingcolumnsandlargearchestodemonstratetheskillsofthebuilders.,Section3:DetailedReading,classicalbuildings,Section3:DetailedReading,Gothic:a.oforinastylecommoninWesternEuropefromthe12thtothe16thcenturiesandcharacterizedbypointedarches,archedroofs,tallthinpillars,etc.Gothicarchitectureismostfamiliarasthearchitectureofmanyofthegreatcathedrals,abbeysandchurchesofEurope.Itisalsothearchitectureofmanycastles,palaces,townhalls,guildhalls,universitiesandtoalessprominentextent,privatedwellings.,Section3:DetailedReading,Gothicbuildingsvs.classicalbuildings,Gothicbuildings,Section3:DetailedReading,Gothicbuildingsvs.classicalbuildings,Gothicbuildingschurchanduniversitybuildingspointedarches尖角拱门ribbedvault肋形穹顶flyingbuttresses飞扶壁,classicalbuildingspublicandcommercialbuildingsroundarch拱门barrelvault桶形穹顶thedome圆屋顶,Section3:DetailedReading,pomp:n.splendiddisplayormagnificence,esp.atapublicevent,e.g.,Thequeensbirthdaywascelebratedwithgreatpompandceremony.Despiteallthepompofhisposition,hehasonlylimitedpowers.,Transformation:,pompousa.e.g.,H