语法填空专题公开课ppt课件

语法填空,HowtofulfillthetaskgrammaticalCloze,.,考纲解读,一篇200字左右的短文，话题贴近学生生活。能力考查：理解语篇、句子结构、运用语法、单词短语。,空格类型,有提示词,无提示词,(10处),.,近三年全国高考卷一语法填空的考点分布,.,SammyArmstrongwasdrivingtohisofficewhenhe_(notice)acarwasstuckonrailroadtracks._elderlyman,JeanPapich,eight-four,satinthedriversscat_(turn)thekeyandhittingtheHiswife,Marion,seventy-eight,waslooking_(nervous)athim.ThenSammywalked_thecarandpusheditforward,buthisbootsslippedonthewarmasphalt(沥青).Itmightbe_(easy)topushthecarbackward,Sammythought.SammyArmstrongwasdrivingtohisofficeHeranaroundtothefrontofthevehicleandshoutedatJean_(put)thecarinneutral(空挡）.WhenSammylookedup,thetrainwasjustacoupleof_(foot)away.Sammy,shockedand_(speech),wentbacktoworkascrowdgatheredatthescene.Weekslater,MarioncalledtothankSammy.Heresponded,Ijustdid_Ihadtodo.,noticed,An,turning,nervously,behind,easier,toput,feet,what,speechless,动词过去时,冠词,非谓语,副词修饰动词,介词,比较级,不定式表目的,名词复数,派生词,名词性从句,.,Howtosolvethisproblem?,思考：面对语法填空中如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎样入手呢?,Dontworry!wearefriends!weareahappyfamily!,Letsgoaheadhandinhand.,learningobjectives:,1.tosummarizethefeaturesandrecognizetestpointsofgrammaticalfilling.2.tomastertheskillsandprinciplesofgrammaticalfillingbydoingexercisesandobserving.,.,一、有提示词类以所给单词的适当形式填空试题的解题技巧,.,Smashinggoldeneggs,.,1.谓语动词,1.Nowmypictureandprize_(be)hanginginthelibrary.2.Thiscycle_(go)everyday（2015全国卷）3.Booksmaybe_(keep)forfourweeks.,are,kept,goes,Tips:如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的_和_的变化,语态,时态,数,2.非谓语动词,1.Igotonthebusandfoundaseatneartheback,andthenInoticedaman_(sit)atthefront.（2011广东卷）,sitting,2.Simonmadeabigbamboobox_(keep)thelittlesickbirdtillitcouldfly.,tokeep,3._(see)fromthetallestbuilding,thewholecitylooksverybeautiful,Seen,Tips:要根据上下文语境和意思，确定动词的使用非谓语动词:1.如果与它的逻辑主语是主动关系:2.如果与它的逻辑主语是被动关系:3.如果表示将来或目的:,一般用V-ing形式,一般用V-ed形式,一般用动词不定式。,.,Tips:名词主要涉及名词的可数与不可数以及可数名词的_的问题,1)Teachersmusttrytheirbesttomakemostoftheir_(student)interestedinthesubject.,students,2)Thosetestsincludedpeopleofdifferent_(age)from12to83.,ages,3)Heagreedtoreadmystoryandgivemesome_(advice)onhowtowritelikearealwriter.,advice,单/复数,3.名词,.,2.HespeaksEnglishas_(fluent)asMary.,13,4.形容词和副词,1.Finally,thathardworkpaidoffandnowthewaterintheriveris_(clean)thanever.（2011）,3.The_(hard)youtrytobeathim,themorelikelyyouwillgethit.(2014全国卷）,cleaner,fluently,4.Oneofthe_(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher（2014）,worst,Tips:形容词和副词主要考查比较级、最高级等。1.在表示范围的in/of介词短语或形容词前有the时，一般要用_；than的前面一般要用_,2.注意”越,就越”_以及原级比较_,The+比较级.,the+比较级,as+adj/adv+as,最高级,比较级,harder,.,词性转换,permission,exploration,performance,3.JayChouwillgivehis_(perform)4.Thesmallestgoodhabitscanmakea_(different).（2014全国卷）,1.ThemanexplainedthathehadGods_(permit)（2012广东）,2.wesetoutonthisvoyageof_(explore),difference,.,2.Heis_(help)toothers.,helpful,3.Mr.Wangisa_(fun)teacher.,funny,1.Thestorysounds_(interest),interesting,4.Ina_(danger)partoftheseaoffthecoastofNewZealand,theylearntto（2013）,dangerous,词性转换,.,词性转换,1.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid_(rude).（2014）2._(unbelievable),shecouldremember200Englishwords.3.Theremustbesomething_(serious)wrongwithoursociety,rudely,Unbelievably,seriously,.,词类转换题,1.Hisbadhealthisagreat_(advantage)tohim.（2014辽宁）2.Heisvery_(lucky),heneverwinsanything.3.Itis_(polite)toleavewithoutsayinggoodbyetothehost.,disadvantage,unlucky,Tips:根据句子意思需要,填上词根意义相反的派生词，在词根前加_等，在词根后加_等使句子前后逻辑意义通顺。,un-,im-,dis-,-less,impolite,.,6-7空（有提示词）,无提示词,谓语:时态，语态,主谓一致非谓语动:-ing，-ed，todo,空,10,1.动词变名词、形容词,2.名词变形容词,3.形容词与副词的互换,动词,名词：,单复数,形容词/副词：,比较级、最高级、原级,词性转换,.,二、纯空格试题的解题技巧,.,.,1.Wehad_amazingconversation.2.Therewas_smallamountofunfairnessintheworld.3.Theorangeistasty.Idliketohave_thirdonebecause_secondoneisrathertoosmall.,the,a,a,Tips：名词前若没有形容词性物主代词或some/any等限定词，就很可能填冠词。此外还要注意一些固定搭配中的冠词。,冠词,an,.,1.ChopsticksarenotusedeverywhereinAsia.InIndia,mostpeopleeat_theirhands.2.Mostofusaremorefocused_ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.,Tips：注意常见介词的意思及适用语境。比如，with通常是“有、用”的意思；此外还要注意一些固定搭配中的介词。比如：focuson,on,with,介词,.,PeoplefromBlackCountryareveryfriendly,_theirlocaldialect,whichcomesfromtheold“MiddleEnglish”,canbeverydifficulttounderstand.Itwastimeforhertohaveanewbaby,_itwasalsotimefortheyoungpandatobeindependent.,but,and,技巧：若两句之间没有引导从句的引导词，也没有分号，一般考虑填并列连词。根据语境的需要选择恰当意思的连词，比如，顺承用and,转折用but.,并列连词,.,1.Nicksguests,_hadheardtheirconversation,askedwhytheyshouldnotsaveabitofmoney.2.Whenevertheyturnedtolookathim,theyhadtolookatMary,_madeherfeellikeastar.3.Alltheotherstudentswondered_theboywoulddo.,从句引导词,who,which,what,定语从句,名词性从句,技巧：如果空白处所填引导词引导的从句在主句中起形容词的作用，此时应考虑定语从句的引导词，如：who,whom,that,which,whose等。如果空白处所填引导词引导的句子在主句中起名词的作用，则从句为名词性从句，名词性从句缺主语或宾语，根据句子意思填适当的词，如：who/whom,what,.,技巧：如果空白所填词引导的句子起副词的作用，则从句为状语从句，此时应根据两句之间的意义和逻辑关系确定合适的连词。缺地点状语用_,缺时间状语用_，缺原因状语用_，缺方式状语用_。,where/wherever,when/whenever,why,how/however,1.Ijustwanttoknow_youare.Iamlookingforyou.2._youneedhelp,pleasecallmewithouthesitation.3._colditwas,hewouldswimintheriver.,where,Whenever/When,However,地点状语从句,时间状语从句,让步状语从句,.,1.ListentothesewordsfromDarwinP.Kingsley:“Youhavepowersyouneverdreamedof.Youcandothingsyouneverthoughtyou_do.2.Hehadnotimeorenergytoplaywithhischildrenortalkwithhiswife,buthe_bringhomearegularsalary.,could,did,Tip:若结构完整,空格后的谓语动词是原型，且又与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很有可能是填_或_。,情态动词,表示强调或倒装的助动词（do,does,did等）,.,(1)_wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldnteatMSG(味精).(2)_withhardworkcanyouexpecttogetpayrise.（3）Thefrozenpartsofthecityalsomake_easierforresidentstoskatearound.,It,Only,技巧7：由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词.,it,强调句型itis/wasthat,倒装句,It作形式宾语，真正的宾语是toskatearound,.,Testpoints(考点）,.,6-7空（有提示词）,3-4空（无提示词）,连词（并列句）：and,but,or引导词（从句）who,that,what代词：they,him,our,themselves介词：in,on,to,for冠词：a/an,the连接性副词：however,therefore,谓语:时态，语态,主谓一致非谓语动:-ing，-ed，todo,空,10,1.动词变名词、形容词,2.名词变形容词,3.形容词与副词的互换,动词,名词：,单复数,形容词/副词：,比较级、最高级、原级,词性转换,.,Practicemakesperfect,.,Huntforyourtargets!空靠大家挖！,要求：1.谓语动词2个2.非谓语1个3.名词单复数2个,Stepbystep:Huntforyourtargets!(寻觅各自的目标）Selectthemostvaluableones!,4.形容词变副词2个5.形容词变名词1个6.介词1个7.冠词1个,.,Theadobedwellings(土坯房）builtbythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeventhemostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheirabilityto“aircondition”ahousewithoutusingelectricequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheatslowlyduringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenoughtocoolthehouseduringthehotday:atthesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscyclegoesdayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.Asnaturalarchitects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactlyhowthicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.,.,（2015年全国高考题）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Theadobedwellings(土坯房）_(build)bythePuebloIndiansoftheAmericanSouthwestareadmiredbyeven_mostmodernofarchitectsandengineers.Inadditiontotheirsimplebeauty,whatmakestheadobedwellingsadmirableistheir_(able)to“aircondition”ahousewithout_（use）execticequipment.Wallsmadeofadobetakeintheheatfromthesunonhotdaysandgiveoutthatheat_（slow）duringcoolnights，thuswarningthehouse.Whenanewdaybreaks,thewallshavegivenuptheirheatandarenowcoldenough_(cool)thehouseduringthehotday:_thesametime,theywarmupagainforthenightThiscycle_(go)dayafterday:Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset（抵消）fortheoutsidetemperatures.As_(nature)architects,thePuebloIndiansfiguredoutexactly_thicktheadobewallsneededtobetomakethecycleworkonmostdays.,built,how,ability,using,slowly,tocool,at,goes,natural,the,.,99,.,.,Scalenewheightsbravely.,.,Homework,1.Finishthreegrammaticalfillingexercises.2.MakeupaGrammarFillingpassageingroupsoffourandhanditintomorrow.,.,Twomenwere_(travel)together,whenaBear_(sudden)metthemontheirpath.Oneofthemclimbedupquickly