英语必修三unit3名词性从句

名词性从句,Nounclauses,review,Whatisanounclause？,宾语从句,ObjectClause,Henrysaythathedoesnthave,Iknowwhoheis.,Idontrememberwhenwearrived,Henrydoesntknowwhatheshoulddo.,Iwanttoknowif/whetherthenewsis.,Icantunderstandwhythebrothersmade,Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwecancomplete.,动词，动词词组（谓语）,连接词/连接代词/连接副词,宾语从句的引导词,连接词（不充当从句的任何成分）连接代词连接副词,thatifwhetherwho(m),whose,what,whichWhen,where,how,why,观察：Henrysay(that)hedoesnthaveanyplans.Shesaid(that)shedidntwanttoacceptthegift.Heclaimed(that)hewasresponsiblefortheaccident.,that,起连接作用；不作成分；无意义；第一个that可省,whether/if,观察：Hedoubtswhether/ifIdoit.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifthenewsistrue.Iamcuriousaboutwhetherhewillcometomorrow.,起连接作用；不作成分，但有意义表“是否”,宾语从句中只用whether的情况：1介词后2与or或ornot连用3与todo连用,who(m)/what/which/whose,观察：-Doyouknowwhohaswonthegame.-ThebookwillshowyouwhatabestCEOshoulddo.-Nobodyknowswhoheis.-Haveyoudeterminedwhichyoushouldbuy,aMotorolaorNokiacellphone?-Naughtyboy!Tellmewhosechildyouare!,主,宾,表,宾,定,作主/宾/表-谁,作主/宾/表-什么事情/什么东西/的话等,作主/定/表-哪一,作定语-谁的,when/where/why/how：,观察：Icantunderstandwhythebrothersmadethebet.Couldyoupleasetellmehowyouusethenewpanel.Noneofusknowswherethesenewproductscanbebought.,时间地点原因方式,什么时候在哪为什么怎么样,Healwaysthinks_hecandohisjobbetter.2.Lifehastaughtus_nothingisimpossible.3.Iamcuriousabout_sheiscryinginthecorner.4.Thestudentswanttoknow_theywillhavedictationtoday.5.Lifeislikeaboxofchocolate.Youneverknow_youaregoingtoget.6.Know_youarebeforeyoutry.,that,that,why,whether/if,what,who,宾语从句引导词小结,thatif/whetherwhy/how/where/whenwhat/who(m)/whose/which,不作成分，没有意义，可省,不作成分，但有意义表“是否”,作状语-为什么/怎么样/在哪里/什么时候,作主，宾，表，定什么东西、事情/谁/谁的/哪一,表语从句,PredicativeClause,表语（Predicative）1、表语的语法意义：表语位于系动词后面，说明主语的身份，特征和状态,常见的系动词：,感官类：feel,look,smell,taste,sound（-起来）状态类：be,remain,keep,stay(保持),stand(仍然)变化类：become,get,turn,grow,go,come,表语从句的连接词that(不可省),whether,as,asif/though,because，who,whom,which,what,whose，where,when,why,how,if不能引导表从,ThefactisthatIearnedmylivingbymyself.Thequestioniswhetherthefilmisworthseeing.ThatiswhatIwanttostress.Theproblemiswhowecangettoreplaceher.Thatiswhywevegivenyoutheletter.Homeiswheretheheartis.Thatwasbecausehedidntunderstandme.Itseemsthatweshouldanswerforthis.Itappearsthatshewaswrong.,表语从句引导词小结,that-whether-because/as/asif/asthough-why/how/where/when-what/who(m)/whose/which-,无成分，无意义，不可省,无成分，有意义表“是否”,作状语-为什么/怎么样/在哪里/什么时候,作主，宾，表，定什么东西事情话等/谁/谁的/哪一,无成分，有意义,Hissuggestionis_weshouldstaycalm.2.Thequestionis_causedtheaccident.3.Thequestionis_thethiefgotintothehouse.4.WhatIwanttoknowwas_helikedthegiftgivenbyus.,that,what/who,how/when,whether,主语从句,SubjectClause,WhenIwasjustalittlegirl,当我还是个小女孩，Iaskedmymother,我问妈妈，WhatwillIbe?“将来我会变成什么样子呢？WillIbepretty?会漂亮吗？WillIberich?会富有吗？”Hereswhatshesaidtome:她对我说：Quesera,sera,“世事不可强求Whateverwillbe,willbe;顺其自然吧。Thefuturesnotourstosee.我们不能预见未来。Quesera,sera,世事不可强求，Whatwillbe,willbe.顺其自然吧。”WhenIgrewupandfellinlove.当我长大并恋爱了，Iaskedmysweetheart,我问我的心上人，Whatliesahead?“我们将来会怎么样呢？Willwehaverainbowsdayafterday?生活每天都美好吗？”Hereswhatmysweetheartsaid:我的爱人对我说：Quesera,sera,“世事不可强求,Whateverwillbe,willbe;顺其自然吧。Thefuturesnotourstosee.我们不能预见未来。Quesera,sera,世事不可强求，Whatwillbe,willbe.顺其自然吧。”NowIhaveChildrenofmyown.现在我有了自己的孩子，Theyasktheirmother,他们问我，WhatwillIbe?“将来我会变成什么样子呢？WillIbehandsome?会英俊吗？WillIberich?会富有吗？”Itellthemtenderly:我轻声地回答：Quesera,sera,“世事不可强求Whateverwillbe,willbe;顺其自然吧。Thefuturesnotourstosee.我们不能预见未来。Quesera,sera,世事不可强求，Whatwillbe,willbe.顺其自然吧。QueSera,Sera!顺其自然吧。”,Nooneknowsexactly_theearthbegan,theuniversebeganwitha“BigBang”_threwmatterinalldirections.3._itwastobecomewasuncertainuntil4.itwasnotclear_theshapewouldlastornot.5._isevenmoreimportantis_astheearthcooleddown,6.Itwasnotimmediatelyobvious_waterwastobefundamentaltothedevelopmentoflife,how,that,What,whether,What,that,that,7._manyscientistsbelieveis_thecontinuedpresenceofwaterintotheoceansandseas.8.Theymultipliedandfilled,_encouragedthelaterdevelopmentofearlyshellfishandallsortsoffish.9._theysuddenlydisappearedstillremainsamystery.10.TheyareputtingtoomuchCO2intotheatmosphere,_preventsheatfromescapingfromtheearthintospace.11.So_lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependon_thisproblemcanbesolved.,What,that,which,Why,which,whether,whether,Thattheearthtravelsroundthesunisawell-knownfact.2.Itisuncertainwhethertheartistcandoitornot.3.Whowillacttheleadintheplayhasnotbeendecidedyet.4.Wheretheyoungmanhasgoneisnotknown.5.Itisnotyetdecidedwhenandwherethetestwillbegiven.,主语从句的引导词,连词连接代词连接副词,thatif/whetherwho(m),whose,what,whichWhen,where,how,why,1._hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.2._wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.3.Itisapity_wewontbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummerholidays.,That,Whether/Where,that,4._sheiscomingornotdoesntmattertoomuch.5._hecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.6.Ithappened_Isawhimyesterday.7.Itdoesnotmakeanydifferencetome_youdo.,Whether,Where,that,what,8._wasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.9._theywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.10.Itdoesntmatter_shelookslike.,Who,When/Where/Whether,what,主语从句引导词小结,thatif/whetherwhy/how/where/whenwhat/who(m)/whose/which,不作成分，没有意义，不可省,不作成分，但有意义表“是否”；if不放句首,作状语-为什么/怎么样/在哪里/什么时候,作主，宾，表，定什么东西事情话等/谁/谁的/哪一,这些连接词既具有疑问含义，又起连接作用，同时在从句中充当各种成分。,whoever,whatever,whichever等也可引导名词性从句，其意分别为“所的一切事或东西”、“任何的人”、“的任可人或物”等。如：1.Whoeverwantsthebookmayhaveit.2.IlldowhateverIcantohelphim.3.Buywhicheverischeapest.注意以下受汉语意思影响而弄错的句子：任何人来都欢迎。1.Whocomeswillbewelcome.2.Whoevercomeswillbewelcome.,【常见错误展示】下列各句均有一处错误，请改正并分析错误的原因。1.Lighttravelsfasterthansoundiscommonknowledge.2.Ifshescomingornotdoesntmattermuch.,That,that虽无词义但引导主语从句位于句首时不能省略。,Whether,if,whether都可表示“是否”,但if不能引导位于主句之前的主语从句，它可以引导位于主句之后带有形式主语it的主语从句。,3.Thattheprofessorsaidisofgreatimportance.4.Wherewillthetreesbeplantedhasnotbeendecided.,What,that引导主语从句时无词义。Whattheprofessorsaid表示“教授所说的”。,将will置于trees之后。主语从句要用陈述句语序。,5.Nomatterwhobreakstherulewillbepunished.6.Whenandwherethemeetingwillbeheldstillremainaquestion.,引导让步状语从句时二者可互换，但引导名词性从句时只能用whoever。,Whoever,主语从句表示单一概念时，谓语要用单数形式。,remains,7.Whatwereyourproblemsayearagohasnowbecomemine.8.Itwasrequestedthateveryonemadeaspeechatthemeeting.,has要改为have。主语从句表示复数概念时，谓语要用复数形式。,have,在“Itisrequested/ordered/suggested+that从句”中，从句要用虚拟语气，即谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可省略。,(should)make,1.他在找什么与你无关。,IV.用主语从句翻译下列句子。,2.他喜欢这种书，这件事非常有趣。,3.他是否能来仍然是个问题。,Whatheislookingforisnoneofyourbusiness.,Thathelikesbooksofthiskindisveryinteresting.,Itremainsaquestionwhetherhewillbeabletocome.,5.飞机何时起飞还没有宣布。,4.他们哪一个是从监狱里逃跑的，仍然是个谜。,Whichofthemescapedfromtheprisonisstillamystery.,Whentheplaneistotakeoffhasnotbeenannounced./Ithasnotbeenannouncedwhentheplaneistotakeoff.,主语从句注意事项：,1.引导词2.从句的语序3.从句的时态问题,同位语从句,AppositiveClause,同位语从句,Thethoughtthattheycouldcrossthewholecontinuewasexciting.SomepeoplehavetheideathatyoucancrossCanadainlessthanfivedays,buttheyforgetthefactthatCanadais5,500kilometer