《JEFF公选课》-公共管理-CIA介绍

,CIA-CENTRALINTELLIGENCEAGENCY,Newwords1,espionage-11,manipulation-2,AxisPowers-12,disseminate-3,Directorate-13,preempt-4,disposal-14,novice-5,lilypads-15,multidisciplinary-6,tactical-7,Clandestine-8,Counterterrorism-9,Narcotics-10,Counterintelligence-,theeagletheshieldcompassstarthe16-pointThissealisoneofthemostidentifiablesymbolsoftheCIA,Theeagle-strengthandalertness.The16-pointcompassstar-theconvergenceofintelligencedataTheshield-thestandardsymbolofdefense,TheCentralIntelligenceAgency(CIA)isacivilianintelligenceagencyoftheUnitedStatesgovernment.ItisanexecutiveagencyandreportsdirectlytotheDirectorofNationalIntelligence,withresponsibilityforprovidingnationalsecurityintelligenceassessmenttoseniorUnitedStatespolicymakers.,ItisthesuccessoroftheOfficeofStrategicServices(OSS)formedduringWorldWarIItocoordinateespionageactivitiesagainsttheAxisPowersforthebranchesoftheUnitedStatesArmedForces.TheNationalSecurityActof1947establishedtheCIA,affordingitnopoliceorlawenforcementfunctions,eitherathomeorabroad.Throughinteragencycooperation,theCIAhasCooperativeSecurityLocationsatitsdisposal.TheselocationsarecalledlilypadsbytheAirForce.,thefiveprinciplesoftheCIA:,1.Beanindependentagency,2.Beabletodoovertandcovertaction,3.Setthetoneforhowintelligencewouldbegatheredinthecommunity,4.CoordinatealltheIntelligencecommunity5.Havenopolicepowers.,TheCIAsheadquartersisinLangleyinMcLean,unincorporatedFairfaxCounty,Virginia,afewmileswestofWashington,D.C.alongthePotomacRiver.,TheentranceoftheCIANewHeadquartersBuilding,AwartimeintelligenceagencyoftheUS,apredecessoroftheCIA,formedduringWorldWarIIinordertocoordinateespionageactivitiesbehindenemylinesforthebranchesoftheUnitedStatesArmedForces.,wasthe,DonovanheadoftheOSSandistheFatherofModernAmericanIntelligenceGathering.,function,Vision,Mission,CoreValues,TheprimaryfunctionoftheCIAistocollectinformationaboutforeigngovernments,corporations,andindividuals,andtoadvisepublicpolicymakers,butitdoesconductemergencytacticaloperations,carriesoutcovertoperations,andexertsforeignpoliticalinfluencethroughitstacticaldivisions,suchastheSpecialActivitiesDivision.TheCIAanditsresponsibilitieschangedmarkedlyin2004.BeforeDecember2004,theCIAwasthemainintelligenceorganizationoftheUSgovernment;itwasresponsibleforcoordinatingtheactivitiesoftheUSIntelligenceCommunity(IC)asawhole.TheIntelligenceReformandTerrorismPreventionActof2004createdtheofficeoftheDirectorofNationalIntelligence(DNI),whichtookovermanagementandleadershipoftheIC.,CIAVision,OneAgency.OneCommunity.AnAgencyunmatchedinitscorecapabilities,functioningasoneteam,fullyintegratedintotheIntelligenceCommunity.,CIAMissionCIAisthenationsfirstlineofdefense.Theyaccomplishwhatotherscannotaccomplishandgowhereotherscannotgo.Theycarryoutourmissionby:,1，Collectinginformationthatrevealstheplans,intentionsandcapabilitiesofouradversariesandprovidesthebasisfordecisionandaction.2，Producingtimelyanalysisthatprovidesinsight,warningandopportunitytothePresidentanddecisionmakerschargedwithprotectingandadvancingAmericasinterests.,3，ConductingcovertactionatthedirectionofthePresidenttopreemptthreatsorachieveUSpolicyobjectives.,Toaccomplishitsmission,theCIAengagesinresearch,development,anddeploymentofhigh-leveragetechnologyforintelligencepurposes.Asaseparateagency,CIAservesasanindependentsourceofanalysisontopicsofconcernandalsoworkscloselywiththeotherorganizationsintheIntelligenceCommunitytoensurethattheintelligenceconsumerwhetherWashingtonpolicymakerorbattlefieldcommanderreceivesthebestintelligencepossible.,CoreValues,Service.WeputCountryfirstandAgencybeforeself.Quietpatriotismisourhallmark.Wearededicatedtothemission,andweprideourselvesonourextraordinaryresponsivenesstotheneedsofourcustomers.Integrity.Weupholdthehigheststandardsofconduct.Weseekandspeakthetruthtoourcolleaguesandtoourcustomers.WehonorthoseAgencyofficerswhohavecomebeforeusandwehonorthecolleagueswithwhomweworktoday.Excellence.Weholdourselvesandeachothertothehigheststandards.Weembracepersonalaccountability.Wereflectonourperformanceandlearnfromthatreflection.,OfficesofCIA,TheCIAhasanexecutiveofficeandseveralagency-widefunctions,andfourmajordirectorates：1，TheDirectorateofIntelligence,responsibleforall-sourceintelligenceresearchandanalysis,2，TheNationalClandestineService,formerlytheDirectorateofOperations,whichdoesclandestineintelligencecollectionandcovertaction3，TheDirectorateofSupport,4，TheDirectorateofScienceandTechnology,1.DirectorateofIntelligenc(DI),1.DirectorateofIntelligence(DI),whereincompleteandsometimescontradictoryinformationistransformedintouniqueinsightsthatinformUSpolicydecisions.MembersoftheDIhelpprovidetimely,accurate,andobjectiveall-sourceintelligenceanalysisonthefullrangeofnationalsecurityandforeignpolicyissuestothePresident,Cabinet,andseniorpolicymakersintheUSgovernment.TheDIalsoisthelargestcontributortothePresidentsDailyBrief(PDB).,2.TheNationalClandestineService(NCS),2.TheNationalClandestineService(NCS)servesastheclandestinearmoftheCentralIntelligenceAgency(CIA)andthenationalauthorityforthecoordination,de-confliction,andevaluationofclandestineoperationsacrosstheIntelligenceCommunityoftheUnitedStates.,3.TheDirectorateofSupport(DS),3.TheDirectorateofSupport(DS)provideseverythingtheCIAneedstoaccomplishitscriticalmissionofdefendingournation.Servingside-by-sidewithourmissioncolleaguesfromtheDirectorateofIntelligence,theDirectorateofScience&Technology,andtheNationalClandestineService,ourjobistoensurethatallourmissionelementshaveeverythingtheyneedforsuccess.,4.TheDirectorateofScienceandTechnology(DS&T),4.TheDirectorateofScienceandTechnology(DS&T)isoneoffourmajorcomponentswhoseemployeescarryouttheCIAsmission.TheDS&Tbringsexpertisetosolveournationsmostpressingintelligenceproblems.,CentersintheCIAInadditiontothefourcomponentsthatcomprisetheAgency,therearealsoseveralcentersthatfunctionwithinthedifferentdirectorates,includingtheCounterterrorismCenter(CTC),theCrimeandNarcoticsCenter(CNC),theOpenSourceCenter(OSC),andtheCounterintelligenceCenter(CIC).EachcenteriscomposedofrepresentativesacrosstheIntelligenceCommunity(IC).,TheCTC,workingwithotherUSGovernmentagenciesandwithforeignliaisonpartners,targetterroristleadersandcells,disrupttheirplots,severtheirfinancialandlogisticallinks,androiltheirsafehavens.,TheCIAsCNCisdedicatedtoconfrontingthreemajorthreatstoUSnationalsecurity:internationaldrugtrafficking,transnationalcriminalnetworks,andwarcrimes.,TheCICprotectsCIAoperationsfromforeignpenetration,control,andmanipulationandanalyzesthecapabilities,intentions,andactivitiesofforeignintelligenceservices.,TheOSCischargedwithcollecting,translating,producing,anddisseminatingopensourceinformationthatmeetstheneedsofpolicymakers,themilitary,stateandlocallawenforcement,operationsofficers,andanalyststhroughouttheUSGovernment.,1-3Mission:Impossible,4MissionImpossible:GhostProtocol,AfilmabouttheAmericanCIA,disclosedsomeCIAInsider:anovicetoqualifyasaCIAagent,henotonlyshouldlearnhowtosurviveindangerousplaces,butalsolearntodealwithunusualspygames,becauseyoudontknowwhocantrust,TheRecruit,ThemembersoftheC.I.A,BenominatedbythePresidentandconfirmedbytheSenateBeintelligent,quickinmakingdecisionsKnowmultiplelanguagesfluently,requiredifferentskillsLiveadoublelifeBeknowntobeinvisibleBeknownassecretpoliceQuietpatriotismisthehallmark.,ThisisatypicalCIAofficeworkplace,TheWorkoftheCIA,TheIntelligenceCycle,TheIntelligenceCycle,1.PLANNINGANDDIRECTION.2.COLLECTION.3.PROCESSING.4.ANALYSISANDPRODUCTION.5.DISSEMINATION.,1,Planninganddirectionismanagementoftheentireeffort,fromidentifyingtheneedfordatatodeliveringanintelligenceproducttoaconsumer.Itisthebeginningandtheendofthecycle.Thebeginningbecauseitinvolvesdrawingupspecificcollectionrequirementsandtheendbecausefinishedintelligence,whichsupportspolicydecisions,generatesnewrequirements.,2,Collectionisthegatheringofrawinformationneededtoproducefinishedintelligence.Therearesixbasicintelligencesourcesorcollectiondisciplines:Signalsintelligence(SIGINT)Imageryintelligence(IMINT)Open-Sourceintelligence(OSINT)Humanintelligence(HUMINT)Measurementandsignatureintelligence(MASINT)Geospatialintelligence(GEOINT),3,Processinginvolvesconvertingthevastamountofinformationcollectedtoaformusablebyanalysts.Thisisdonethroughavarietyofmethodsincludingdecryption,languagetranslations,anddatareduction.,4,Analysisandproductionistheconversionofbasicinformationintofinishedintelligence.Itincludesintegrating,evaluating,andanalyzingallavailabledatawhichisoftenfragmentedandevencontradictoryandpreparingintelligenceproductstoprovidetoU.S.policymakers.,5,Disseminationisthedistributionofthefinishedintelligencetotheconsumers,thesamepolicymakerswhoseneedsinitiatedtheintelligencerequirements.Thepolicymakersthenmakedecisionsbasedontheinformation,andthesedecisionsmayleadtothelevyingofmorerequirements,thustriggeringtheintelligencecycle.,Aschangingglobalrealitieshavereorderedthenationalsecurityagenda,CIAhasmetthesechallengesasfollows：,1，Creatingspecial,multidisciplinarycenterstoaddresssuchhigh-priorityissuessuchasnonproliferation,counterterrorism,counterintelligence,internationalorganizedcrimeandnarcoticstrafficking,environment,andarmscontrolintelligence.2，Forgingstrongerpartnershipsbetweentheseveralintelligencecollectiondisciplinesandall-sourceanalysis.,3，TakinganactivepartinIntelligenceCommunityanalyticaleffortsandproducingall-sourceanalysisonthefullrangeoftopicsthataffectnationalsecurity.4，ContributingtotheeffectivenessoftheoverallIntelligenceCommunitybymanagingservicesofcommonconcerninimageryanalysisandopen-sourcecollectionandparticipatinginpartnershipswithotherintelligenceagenciesintheareasofresearchanddevelopmentandtechnicalcollection.,中国拟采购“