Sydney-Harbour-BridgePPT课件

SydneyHarbourBridge,1,-,SydneyHarbourfromtheair,showingtheOperaHouse,theCBD,CircularQuay,theBridge,theParramattaRiver,NorthSydneyandKirribilliintheforeground.,2,-,TheSydneyHarbourBridgeisasteelthrougharchbridgeacrossSydneyHarbourthatcarriesrail,vehicular,bicycle,andpedestriantrafficbetweentheSydneycentralbusinessdistrict(CBD)andtheNorthShore.Thedramaticviewofthebridge,theharbour,andthenearbySydneyOperaHouseisaniconicimageofSydney,andAustralia.ThebridgeisnicknamedTheCoathangerbecauseofitsarch-baseddesign.,3,-,UnderthedirectionofDrJohnBradfieldoftheNSWDepartmentofPublicWorks,thebridgewasdesignedandbuiltbyBritishfirmDormanLongandCoLtdofMiddlesbroughandopenedin1932.ThebridgesdesignwasinfluencedbytheHellGateBridgeinNewYorkCity.Itisthesixthlongestspanning-archbridgeintheworldandthetalleststeelarchbridge,measuring134m(440ft)fromtoptowaterlevel.Itwasalsotheworldswidestlong-spanbridge,at48.8m(160ft)wide,untilconstructionofthenewPortMannBridgeinVancouverwascompletedin2012.,4,-,NameSydneyHarbourBridge,AustraliaOwnerRoadsandTrafficAuthority,NewSouthWales,AustraliaChiefEngineer,PublicWorksDepartment,NewSouthWales.JohnBradfieldsupervisedthewholeproject.Hecampaignedforthebridge,preparedthespecifications(butnotthefinalformofthebridge)andoversawitscompletion.DesignSirRalphFreeman,asaconsultanttoDormanLongSteelContractorDormanLong-theworkonsitewasdirectedbyaDirector,LawrenceEnnisWhereLatitudeS335107LongitudeE1511240WhyLinksSydneyCentralDistrict(SCD)withNorthShoreacrosstheharbour.When1932,5,-,WhatOveralltype2pinnedtrussarchWidthThisbridgeisverywideat49m.-8lanestraffic,2railwaylines,afootpathandabicycletrack.Length1149m.SpansMainspan:503m.Approachspans:North:72.5m.and4of53.3m.South:5of51.8m.Topofarch134mabovesealevelPylons(notpartofstructure)Heightabovewaterabout88m.MaterialsBridge:Steelbutwithhightensilesteelforthetrusses,crossgirderflangesandprincipallateralbracings.Pylons:Concretefacedwithgranite.,6,-,Arch,Thearchiscomposedoftwo28-panelarchtrusses;theirheightsvaryfrom18m(59ft)atthecentreofthearchto57m(187ft)attheendsnexttothepylons.Thearchhasaspanof504m(1,654ft)anditssummitis134m(440ft)abovemeansealevel;however,expansionofthesteelstructureonhotdayscanincreasetheheightofthearchbyasmuchas18cm(7.1in).Largesteelpins(orbearings)supporteachendofthearch,allowingittorotatetoaccommodateexpansionandcontractioncausedbychangesoftemperature,andavoidingstressesthatwouldotherwisecausedamage.,7,-,Thetotalweightofthesteelworkofthebridge,includingthearchandapproachspans,is52,800tonnes(52,000longtons;58,200shorttons),withthearchitselfweighing39,000tonnes(38,000longtons;43,000shorttons).About79%ofthesteelwasimportedfromEngland,withtherestbeingsourcedfromNewcastle.Onsite,thecontractors(DormanLongandCo.)setuptwoworkshopsatMilsonsPoint,atthesiteofthepresentdayLunaPark,andfabricatedthesteelintothegirdersandotherrequiredparts.,8,-,Pylons,Ateachendofthearchstandsapairof89m(292ft)highconcretepylons,facedwithgranite.ThepylonsweredesignedbytheScottisharchitectThomasS.Tait,apartnerinthearchitecturalfirmJohnBurnet&Partners.,9,-,Some250Australian,Scottish,andItalianstonemasonsandtheirfamiliesrelocatedtoatemporarysettlementatMoruya,NSW,300km(186mi)southofSydney,wheretheyquarriedaround18,000m3(635,664cuft)ofgraniteforthebridgepylons.Thestonemasonscut,dressed,andnumberedtheblocks,whichwerethentransportedtoSydneyonthreeshipsbuiltspecificallyforthispurpose.TheMoruyaquarrywasmanagedbyJohnGilmore,aScottishstonemasonwhoemigrated,withhisyoungfamilytoAustraliain1924,attherequestoftheprojectmanagers.TheconcreteusedwasalsoAustralian-made.,10,-,Abutmentsatthebaseofthepylonsareessentialtosupporttheloadsfromthearchandholditsspanfirmlyinplace,butthepylonsthemselveshavenostructuralpurpose.Theywereinclu