doing作状语的用法ppt课件.ppt

,1.作表语,2.作定语,现在分词,3.作宾补,4.作状语,1,三.V-ing作表语,WearelearningEnglish.Thestoryisinteresting.MyjobisteachingEnglish.,动名词作表语,现在分词作表语,动词进行时,=TeachingEnglishismyjob.,动名词作表语用来说明主语的内容，与主语是同一个概念，表语和主语的位置可互换。,2,Hishobbyispainting.Thenewsisinspiring.,区别动名词与现在分词：,动名词作表语用来说明主语的具体内容。,现在分词作表语是用来表示主语所具有的特征，有的已变成了形容词，主语和表语的位置不能互换。,3,翻译下列句子：我们的工作就是演奏各种音乐。Ourjobis_.2.他们演奏的音乐史如此的令人兴奋。Themusictheyareplayingis_.,playingallkindsofmusic,soexciting,4,四V-ing作定语现在分词,现在分词作定语，被修饰的词与V-ing之间有一种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句。当现在分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是现在分词短语作定语，则放在所修饰的名词后。,Thegirlcryingintheclassroomismydeskmate.Thecryinggirlismydeskmate.,5,Thetower_thewarringstatesiswellworthvisiting.datedfromB.datedbackfromC.datingfromD.todatefrom,Theflowers_sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature.tosmellB.smellingC.smeltD.tobesmelt,6,(1)awalkingman,(2)awalkingstick,=amanwhoiswalking,=astickforwalking,Whatsthedifferencebetween(1)and(2)?,7,V-ing作定语时，现在分词与动名词区别：,awaitingroomawaitingman,=aroomforwaiting,=amanwhoiswaiting,现在分词作定语时，它和被修饰的词之间有有种逻辑上的主谓关系，相当于一个定语从句,而动名词作定语时，与被修饰的词之间没有这种关系，它仅仅表示一种用途，“作用”相当于一个for引导的介词短语,8,Translatethefollowingphrases.,areadingroom,awashingmachine,anexcitingevening,aninterestingcrosstalk,阅览室,洗衣机,激动人心的夜晚,有趣的相声,9,1.What_bearstheyare!(charm)2.Whata/an_ideatheadhas.3.Thebears_arecontentwiththeirlife.4.Thebears_makecocacolamorepopular.,DescribethebearswithV-ingusedasattribute,charming,enjoyingcocacola,drinkingcocacola,skiingontheice,surprising/inspiring,10,五V-ing形式作宾语补足语,V-ing形式作宾补时，它与宾语构成逻辑上的主谓关系，即宾语是其逻辑上的主语。S+V+O+C,Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.,Wehavethefireburningallday.,Inoticedalongqueueoutsidethebankwaitingforittoopen.,Thebabywatchedhisdadshavinghisfacewithgreatinterest.,动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。,11,1.能跟-ing形式作宾语补足语的常见动词有：,“五让、三看、两听、一注意、一发现、一感觉”。简单又好记！,make,let,have,keep,leave,lookat,see,watch,hear,listento,notice,find,feel等。,怎么记？,12,Helookedaroundandcaughtaman_hishandintothepocketofapassenger.putB.tobeputtingC.toputD.putting,13,1.Isawthem_(force)thedooropenwithahammer.2.Weheardthem_(quarrel)aboutmoneyaftertheconcert;theylookedveryangry.3.Iheardhim_(drop)lotsofcoinsintothecollectingtin.,forcing,quarreling,dropping,Practice:,14,2.有些动词词组，如：regard,describe,accept,thinkof,lookon等之后可由as引出V-ing形式作宾补。,Theydescribethecartoonasbeingattractive.,15,分词作状语,表示动作发生的条件、原因、结果、让步、时间、方式或伴随等，通常相当于一个状语从句或并列分句。一般说来，这种结构的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。,六分词作状语,作状语时，选择现在分词还是过去分词，关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是主句的主语发出，就选用现在分词，反之就用过去分词。,16,Ifyouuseyourhead,youllfindagoodway.Usingyourhead,youllfindagoodway.IfIaminvited,Illgotoyourparty.Invited,Illgotoyourparty.,条件状语,作条件状语一般放在句首,作条件状语一般放在句首,17,原因状语,作原因状语一般放在句首,作原因状语一般放在句首,Becausehewaspoor,hecouldntaffordaTVset.Beingpoor,hecouldntaffordaTVset.Becausehewassatisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.Satisfiedwithhisjob,hehadabigsmileonhisface.,18,让步状语,作让步状语一般放在句首,作让步状语一般放在句首,Thoughhestudiedhard,hedidntpasstheexam.Studyinghard,hedidntpasstheexam.Thoughhewasborninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.Borninapoorfamily,hewasoptimistic.,19,时间状语,作时间状语一般放在句首,作时间状语一般放在句首,WhileIwaswalkinginthestreet,Isawatailorsshop.Walkinginthestreet,Isawatailorsshop.Whenshewassurroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.Surroundedbyamaddog,shewasveryfrightenedandscreamed.,20,在使用的过程中，我发现这本书很有用。_thebook,Ifindituseful.由于用了很长时间，这本书看上去很旧。_foralongtime,thebooklooksold.,Used,Using,21,从上面看,体育场好像一个鸟巢。_fromthetop,thestadiumlookslikeabirdnest.A.SeeingB.Seen从太空看,宇航员看不到长城。_fromthespace,theastronautcannotdiscovertheGreatWall.A.SeeingB.Seen,22,Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,lookingTheteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.,并列句,作伴随状语多放于句末,23,Hecamerunningbacktotellmethenews.Hisfatherdied,andthisleftthefamilyevenworseoff.Hisfatherdied,leavingthefamilyevenworseoff.,方式状语或结果状语,作方式状语或结果多放于句末,24,Fourpeopleenteredtheroomandlookedaroundinacuriousway.Fourpeopleenteredtheroom,lookingTheteachercameintotheclassroomandwasfollowedbysomestudents.Theteachercameintotheclassroom,followedbysomestudents.,并列句,作伴随状语多放于句末,25,分词作状语时的时态和语态：,1）分词的时态：2）分词的语态,一般式:doingdone完成式:havingdonehavingbeendone,1）一般式表示与谓语动词同时发生。1.Hearingthenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Surroundedbythestudents,theteacherwasansweringquestionsonebyone.,26,2）完成时表示动作发生在谓语动词之前。,_areply,hedecidedtowriteagain.NotreceivingB.ReceivingnotC.NothavingreceivedD.Havingnotreceived可理解为：Becausehehadnotreceivedareply,hedecidedtowriteagain.,1.Ashehadfinishedhishomework,hewentout.=Havingfinishedhishomework,hewentout.2.Becauseshehadnotgotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.=Nothavinggotareply,shedecidedtowritetohimagain.,27,完成被动式：havingbeendone表示动作发生在谓语动词之前且含被动意义(现代英语中往往用过去分词done替代)Havingbeenpraisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.=Praisedforhisjob,Tomworkedharder.,_byasnake,shewasfrightenedatit.A.BeingbittenB.BittenC.HavingbeenbittenD.bothBandC,28,一、有些惯用的v-ing形式不表示句子主语的动作，而是表示说话人的态度、观点等。可当作一个插入语generallyspeaking一般说来strictlyspeaking严格说来franklyspeaking坦白地说judgingfrom/by根据来判断considering考虑到supposing假如，如果,几点注意,29,1.Generallyspeaking,boysaremoreinterestedinsciencethangirls.一般说，男孩比女孩对科学更感兴趣。2.Judgingfromhisaccent,hemustcomefromCanada.从他的口音看，他一定来自加拿大。3.Consideringhisage,hediditquitewell.考虑到他的年龄，他做得很好了。4.Supposingitrains，whatwillyoudo？假使下雨，你会怎么办呢？,30,二、分词作状语时，可以根据需要在其前加上when,while,before,after,until,once,though,although,unless,asif,evenif,aslongas等Oncelosingthischance,youcanteasilyfindit.2.Ifallowedtoreadinthereadingroom,youshouldkeepquiet.3.Whenleavingthestation,hewavedagainandagaintome.,31,三、当表示分词的动作一发生，主句的动作随之也发生时，可以使用“on动名词”的结构，翻译成“一就”,能够用于这种用法的动词都是瞬间动词；如look,hear,see,open,close等。Hearingthenews,theycouldnthelpjumping.=Onhearingthenews,theycouldnthelpjumping._thecase,Isawthebirdflyoutofit.一打开这个盒子，我看到有只鸟飞出来。,Onopening,32,Revision:,_isbelieving.眼见为实。Inthesummerweenjoy_(坐)underthebigtree.Herjobis_(照顾婴儿）。Thestoryis_(有趣的)。Howcanyoukeepher_(等待)intherain.Theman_(站在那里）ismyfather.,Finishthesentences.,Seeing,sitting,takingcareofthebabies,interesting,waiting,standingoverthere,主语,宾语,表语（动名词）,表语（现在分词）,宾语补足语,定语,33,句型转换：Whenheheardthenews,hejumpedwithjoy._thenews,hejumpedwithjoy.2.Asshewasill,shewenthome._ill,shewenthome.3.Thegirlcameinandshesmiled.Thegirlcamein_.Shesatatthedeskandreadanewspaper.Shesatatthedesk_anewspaper.,Hearing,Being,smiling,reading,表伴随状况,时间状语,原因状语,方式状语,34,Tellthedifferences:1.Shekeepthemanwaitingintherain.2.Iwillgivethepresenttothestudentgettingthefirstplace.3.Beingill,shewenthome.Questions:1.现在分词分别作什么成分？2.现在分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？,宾补,定语,状语,宾补的逻辑主语是宾语；定语的逻辑主语是它所修饰的名词或代词；V-ing形式作状语时,它的逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。,35,Grammarwork语法专练用所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Not_(know)hisaddress,Icouldntgotoseehimyesterday.2.Lookout(小心）forcarswhen_(cross)thestreet.3.Not_(invite)totheparty,Marywasgreatlyhurt.,knowing,crossing,havingbeeninvited,36,4.Hedivedintothewater,_(leave)onlyhisfaceexposed(暴露）.5.WhenIgotbackhomeIsawamessagepinned(别在）tothedoor,_(read写着)“Sorrytomissyou;Iwillcalllater.”6._(take)adeepbreath,theydivedintothewater.7._(close)thewindowsandthedoor,thestudentslefttheroom.,leaving,reading,Taking,Havingclosed,37,Grammarquiz语法小测1.When_differentcultures,weoftenpayattentiononlytothedifferenceswithoutnoticingmanysimilarities.A.comparedB.beingcomparedC.comparingD.havingcompared,C,38,2.Wheneverhewasaskedwhyhewaslateforclass,hewouldanswercarelessly,always_thesamething.A.sayingB.saidC.tosayD.havingsaid,A,39,1.Havingnotseenthefilm,IcanttellyouwhatIthinkofit.2.Themenworkedforextrahoursgotanextrapay.3.Seenfromthetopofthehill,wefindthecitymorebeautiful.,Nothaving,working,Seeing,单句改错,40,4.“Cantyouread?”themansaid,angrilypointedtothenoticeonthewall.5.Generallyspeak,facialexpressionsarehelpfulcommunications,too.6.Europeanfootballisplayedin80countries,madeitthemostpopularsportintheworld.,pointing,making,speaking,41,1._thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatt