宾语从句练习题ppt课件

.,TheObjectiveclause宾语从句,Howmuchdoyouknowaboutit?,.,第一、什么叫宾语从句？,主句,连接词,从句,HeaskedmewhereIhadputhisbook.,连接词,从句,主句,e.g.Ithinkyoushouldstudyhard.,构成：主句+连接词+从句,定义：在句子中用作宾语(在谓语动词之后)的从句叫宾语从句。,(that),.,第二、宾语从句三要素：,连接词,时态,语序,.,（一）、宾语从句语序,他叫什么名字？他怎么去上学？,Whatshisname?Howdoeshegotoschool?,Iamnotsure_,whathisnameis.,howhegoestoschool.,从句用陈述句语序(主语+谓语),.,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,1.当从句为陈述句时，连接词用that。that在句中无意义,在口语中可省略.,e.g.Theearthgoesaroundthesun.IknowHewillbebackinanhour.Ithink,看从句的的类型,Iknowthattheearthgoesaroundthesun.,Ithinkthathewillbebackinanhour.,.,2.当从句为一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether。,e.g.IsAlice15yearsold?Iwonder,看从句的的类型,Iwonderif/whetherAliceis15yearsold.,Morepractice:Iwanttoknow:他明天是否回来。你是否喜欢可乐。,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,.,3.当从句为特特殊疑问句时，连接词用特殊疑问词。,e.g.HowoldisAlice?IwanttoknowHowoftendoyougotothelibrary?,看从句的的类型,IwanttoknowhowoldAliceis.,Couldyoutellme_.,（二）、宾语从句的连接词,.,陈述句,that(无词汇意义),一般疑问句,if,whether(是否),特殊疑问,特殊疑问词,祈使句,肯定句,否定句,ask/tell+sb.+to+v.,ask/tell/+sb.+notto+v.,总结：如何确定连接词(根据从句句式),.,宾语从句是祈使句时：Theteachersaid,“Keepsilent.”Theteacher()thestudents()()silent.Mumsaid,“Dontplayfootballonthestreet,boys.”Mumtoldthem_onthestreet.,.,（三）、宾语从句的时态,你昨天什么时候起床的？你每天几点到校？你明天几点出发？,Whendidyougetupyesterday?,Whendoyougettoschooleveryday?,Whenwillyoustarttomorrow?,Iwonder,Iwonderwhenyougotupyesterday.Iwonderwhenyougettoschooleveryday.Iwonderwhenyouwillstarttomorrow.,主现从不限,Iwonder他是否去过北京。,ifhehasbeentoBeijing.,.,Whatisyourfavouriteactivity?Whatishedoing?MyfatherwillgotoBeijingnextweek.Hehasfinishedhishomework.,Iknow,Iknew,whatyourfavouriteactivitywas.,whathewasdoing.,主过从四过,myfatherwouldgotoBeijingnextweek.,hehadfinishedhishomework.,（三）、宾语从句的时态,.,Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon.Mymothertoldme(合并句子),Mymothertoldme_,thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoon.,注意:,当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。,e.g.Ourteachersaidthemoonmovesaroundthesun.,.,现在时(一般现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时),一般将来时,Couldyou,Wouldyouplease.,保持不变,一般过去时,一般现在时,一般过去时,一般过去时,过去完成时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在进行时,过去进行时,现在完成时,过去完成时,当从句叙述的内容为客观真理时，仍然用一般现在时。e.g.Theteachersaidthatthemoonmovesaroundthesun.,注:,总结：如何确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),.,“Whereisthenearestbank?”Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellmewhere_.2.“Ihavegivenupsmoking,”saidmybrother.Mybrothersaidthathe_.3.“Areyougoingtolearnswim?”askedTom.Tomaskedmeif/whetherI_.4.“Whatwillwedonext?”wehaventdecided.Wehaventdecidedwhatwe_.5.“Whatdidyousay?”Ididnthear.Ididnthearwhatyou_.,thenearestbankis,hadgivenupsmoking,wasgoingtolearntoswim,willdonext,hadsaid,Exercise:,疑问句中，could，would表婉转的语气，不表示过去时。,.,将下列句子合并为一:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.Iasked_ontheway.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?Couldyoutellme_atthemeeting?3.Dotheyliketoplayfootball?Tomasked.Tomasked_toplayfootball.4.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.Hesaid_hishomework.5.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.Tomsaid_back.6.Sheaskedme:“Whatswrongwithyou?”Sheaskedme_withme.,wheretheystopped,whatyouwillspeak,if/whethertheyliked,(that)hewasdoing,(that)hewouldcome,whatwaswrong,注:whatswrongwithsb.及whatsthematterwithsb.,语序不变.,.,7.“Dontplayinthestreets,”theteachersaidtotheboy.8.“Whenandwherewilltheconcertbeheld?”Iwondered.9.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?10.“WilltheygotoBeijing?”Theyhaventdecided.11.“Whenshouldwestart?”Doyouknow?,Theteachertoldtheboynottoplayinthestreets.,Iwonderedwhenandwheretheconcertwouldbeheld.,Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?,Doyouknowwhenweshouldstart?,Doyouknowwhentostart?,疑问词+主语+谓语,疑问词+to+v.(不定式)作为宾语,成为简单句.,Theyhaventdecidedif/whethertheywillgotoBeijing.,.,Hehasntdecidedwhichseatheshouldtake.Hehasntdecided_.2.IreallydontknowwhereIcanfindmylostkey.3.Canthecomputertelluswhatweshoulddonext?4.Canyoutellmewhentostart?Canyoutellme_?5.Icantdecidewhichonetochoose.,whichseattotake,Ireallydontknowwheretofindmylostkey.,Canthecomputertelluswhattodonext?,whenwewillstart,IcantdecidewhichoneIshouldchoose.,宾语从句,疑问词+todo,.,确定连接词(根据从句的句式),2.确定从句语序(把从句变成陈述句,即主谓顺序),3.确定从句的时态(根据主句时态),（四）总结：如何改写宾语从句,.,第三、宾语从句特殊情况,（一）连词that不能省略的几种情况;,1.从句的主语是that。如：Hesaysthatthatisarealkingshat.,2.that从句中含有主从复合句。如：Imafraidthatifyouvelostit,youmustpayforit.,3.主、从句之间有插入语时。如：Itsayshere,onthiscard,thatitwasusedinplays.卡片上写着，它是古代演戏用的。,4.若出现两个或两上以上的由that引导的宾语从句，且由并列连词连接时，只有第一个连词that可以省略。如：Shesaid(that)shewouldcomeandthatshewouldalsobringherson.,.,（二）、If和whether用法区别,注：if和whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，二者没有区别，可以换用。但if常用于口语中，whether比较正式。,但二者在下列几种情况下不能换用：1.宾语从句置于句首表示强调时，应用whether，不用if。如：Whetherthisistrueornot,Icantsay.这是否对，我不能说。,2.宾语从句与ornot直接连用时，应用whether，不能用if。如：Idontknowwhetherornothewillcometomorrow.,.,3.与动词不定式连用时，只能用whether。如：ShecantdecidewhethertogotoAmerica.4.从句作介词宾语时，只能用whether。如：IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeeling.,.,5.宾语从句的谓语动词是否定形式时，只能用if，不能用whether。如：Tomwantstoknowifhewontcomeheretomorrow.6.if意为“假如，如果”时，可以引导条件状语从句，而whether没有这个用法。如：IfSimoncomesheretomorrow,Illcallyou.,.,第四、宾语从句的否定转移：如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,guess,suppose等，而且主句的主语又是第一人称时，它后面接的宾语从句的否定词通常要前移到主句中，即否定主句中的动词，而从句用肯定形式即：主语为第一人称，否定在主句，翻译在从句。此外，这类宾语从句的反意疑问句也比较特殊，请同学们自己总结。,.,Translatethefollowingsentences.1.我认为不会下雨I_thatit_.2.我认为你的答案不对.I_youranswerright.我们相信他还没走.We_thathe_.,.,第五、宾语从句转化为简单句,1.由特殊疑问句引导的宾语从句，若主句和从句主语一致可以转化成“特殊疑问句+todo”.如(请总结常见这一句型中的动词)IdontknowhowIcanlearnEnglishwell._Hewonderwhenheshouldattendthemeeting._,.,2.当主句谓语动词是hope,decide,wish,choose,agree等词时，宾语从句主从句主语一致，宾语从句可简化为V.+todo的结构。如：,LiMinghopeshewillbebackverysoon.LiMinghopestobebackverysoon.Wedecidedthatwewouldhelphim._3.当主句的谓语动词是tell,order（命令）等时，如果主句和从句的主语不一致，宾语从句可简化为v.+sb.todo的结构。例如：Theheadmasterorderedthatweshouldstartatonce.Theheadmasterorderedustostartatonce.MymothertoldmethatIcouldntgoout._,.,4.动词see,hear,find等词后面的宾语从句可转化为“v+sb.doing的结构。例如：LiuPingfoundthattherewasawalletlyingontheground.LiuPingfoun