初中英语现在完成时讲解全ppt课件

现在完成时,1,现在完成时的含义1.表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响。,2,3,Isawamovie.Ihaveseenthemovie.Haveyoueverbeenthere?(八下Unit9)Ihaveneverbeencamping.1.表示动作发生在过去，对现在造成的影响,4,结构：have/has+过去分词（对have/has)进行变换have/hasnot+过去分词（haventhasnt)Have/Has+主语+过去分词(Yes,have/has.No,havent/hasnt)特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?Ihavefinishedmyhomework.Whathaveyoufinished?Ihaventfinishedmyhomework,5,标志词：alreadyyetjustalready用于肯定句中,已经:Ihavealreadyhadlunch.Yet用于否定句疑问句末Just:刚刚Haveyouhadlunch_?Ihave_hadlunchIhaventhadlunch_.Ihavejusthadmylunch.,还,已经,6,总结：现在完成时含义1:_结构：肯_否_一般疑问_特殊疑问_标志词|:_,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,2.一个动作从过去开始持续到现在，并有可能继续持续下去。过去时：动作过去已经结束。Hehastaughtinourschoolforfiveyears.Ihaveworkedsincelastweek.,14,第二层含义的标志词：和for和since连用for+时间段（持续）since（自从）+时间点IhavestudiedEnglishfortenyears.=IhavestudiedEnglishsincetenyearsago.注意：完成时不能单独和时间状语(twohours,threedays,lastweek,fourhoursago)连用，必须加上for,since.,15,填空使用for和since,Ihavebeenhere_halfpastthree.Thecarhasbeenhere_yeaterday.IhavebeeninOnly_fouryears.Theboyhasbeeninourclass_sixweek.Shehaslivedhere_1996.,16,2标准词：sofar/uptonow(到目前为止）;lately/recently(最近）Uptonow/Sofar,Ihaventbeensuccessful.Lately/Recently,Ihaventseenmyteacher.,17,总结,IlivedinWuweitenyearsago.IhavelivedinWuweifortenyears.IhavelivedinWuweisincetenyearsago.IstudiedEnglishtenyearsago.IhavestudiedEnglishfortenyearsIhavestudiedEnglishsincetenyearsago.,18,判断正误,Iboughtthebookfivedaysago.Ihaveboughtthebook.Ihaveboughtthebookforfivedays.Ihavehadthebookforfivedays.Ihavehadthebooksincefivedaysago.Tips:buy这个动作从“开始发生”到“结束/终止”,几乎同时或在极短的时间里（如几秒钟/几分钟内）就完成了“开始结束”的过程，这样的动词我们叫做短暂性动词。所以，“我买了这块手表5年了”，在汉语中说的通，但英语中就必须用相应的延续性动词来替换。,19,现在完成时中常见的非延续性动词非延续性动词：buyborrowdieleavebegin/startcome/gofinish这些动词不能和for.Since连用与for和since连用时，要把它们变成相应的延续性动词-（buy买了）had（borrow借了）keep（start/begin开始了）beon（leave离开了）beaway(from)（come来到某地.）behere/介词+地点（go去某地.）bethere/介词+地点（die死了）bedead(finish结束.)beover,forsince.,20,1.我买这本书三年了。BuyIhaveboughtthebook.(1)Ihavehadthebookfor3years.(2)Ihavehadthebooksince3yearsago.2.他借这本书两个月了borrowHehasborrowthebook.(1）Hehaskeptthebookfor2months.(2)Hehaskeptthebooksince2monthsago.3.李梅离开济南一年了.leaveLiMeihasleftJinan(1)LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinanforoneyear.(2)LiMeihasbeenawayfromJinansince1yearago.,21,Hedied10yearsago.-He_for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.-He_thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.-He_themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.-He_heresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.-Thelight_for2hours.6.Helefthere2yearsago.-He_fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.-Thefilm_for30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.-Thedoor_foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.-Thedoor_foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.-He_a_forayear.-He_thearmyforayear.-It_ayear_hejoinedthearmy.,延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化,Exercise,22,Tom_forseveralhours.A.wenttobedB.hasbeeninbedC.hasgonetobedD.hasbeentobed2.Howlonghaveyou_thiscity?A.beentoB.beeninC.cometoD.goneto3.Myaunt_theTVfor4months.A.hasboughtB.wasboughtC.washadD.hashad4.MrBrown_thecarfor3months.A.boughtB.hadboughtC.hashadD.buys5.Theoldman_fortwodays.A.hasdiedB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.dies,23,6.Mysisterhas_for8years.A.becomeadriverB.leftthecityC.arrivedinthecityD.livedhere7.Howlonghaveyou_?A.joinedtheteamB.becomeateamlead