英语五种基本句型ppt课件

英语的基本句型,蓬溪县高中高三英语,1,五种基本句型,主语+不及物动词Everybodysmiled.2.主语+及物动词+宾语Heknowseverything.3.主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语Ishowedhimmypassport.4.主语+系动词+表语Theboylookshealthy.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语Whatmadeyouangry?,祈使句的主语一般都省略掉,2,一主语+不及物动词,1.主语+不及物动词Thesunisrising.Itssnowing.Canyouread?,2.主语+不及物动词+状语Didyousleepwell?Sheoftendreams.YougofirstandIwillfollowbehind.,3,3.主语+不及物动词+副词(构成成语动词)Theenginebrokedown.Howdidtheaccidentcomeabout?Thebombblewup.,4.主语+不及物动词(有被动意思)Isthebooksellingwell?Doesthisclothwashwell?,4,这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，不需加宾语。这类动词叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。,5,1.太阳在明亮地照耀着。2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。3.他们谈了半个小时。4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。5.这支笔书写流利。,6,1.太阳在明亮地照耀着。Thesunisshiningbrightly.2.我们呼吸、吃和喝。Weallbreathe,eatanddrink.,7,3.他们谈了半个小时。Theytalkedforhalfanhour.4.我们到的时候他们正在唱歌。Theyweresingingwhenwearrived.5.这支笔书写流利。Thepenwritessmoothly.,8,二主语+及物动词+宾语,1.主语+及物动词+名词(代词)Doyouknowthem?Helovedice-cream.Whatdidhesay?,2.主语+及物动词+反身代词NowIwillintroducemyself.Theyblamedthemselvesfortheaccident.,9,3.主语+及物动词+同源宾语Hesmiledastrangesmile.Asheslept,hedreamedadream.4.主语+成语动词+宾语Hehandedinhishomeworkthismorning.Theyarelookeddownonbyeveryone.5.主语+及物动词+不定式(做宾语)Wecantaffordtopaysuchaprice.Youmusttrytoimprove.Heforgotwhichwaytogo.,10,6.主语+及物动词+动名词(做宾语)Wouldyoumindwaitingforafewminutes?Ipreferstanding.Iproposerestingforhalfanhour.7.主语+及物动词+从句(做宾语)Heclaimedthathesawtheaccident.Isuggested(that)we(should)leaveearly.DoyouseewhyIdidit?Canyoutellwhichiswhich?Sheaskedifshemightcallandseeme.IlldowhatIcan.Idontrememberwhenthathappened.,11,这些句子的共同特点是：谓语动词都具有实义，都是主语产生的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须跟有一个宾语，即动作的承受者，才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。,12,1.谁知道答案?2.他喜欢看书。3.他说：“早上好！”4.我想喝杯茶5.他拒绝帮他们。6.他承认犯了错误,13,1.谁知道答案?Whoknowstheanswer?2.他喜欢看书。Heenjoysreading.3.他说：“早上好！”Hesaid“Goodmorning.”,14,4.我想喝杯茶Iwanttohaveacupoftea.5.他拒绝帮他们。Hehasrefusedtohelpthem.6.他承认犯了错误.Headmitsthathewasmistaken.,15,三主语+双宾动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,1.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+名词Shegivemehertelephonenumber.(to)Illmakeyousomefreshtea.(for)Theyforgavehimhiscrimes.2.主语+双宾动词+名词/代词+从句Ihavewarnedhimthatitisnotallowed.Sheshowedmewhereherleghurt.Tellmewhateveryouknowaboutit.,16,分析这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词必须跟有两个宾语才能表达完整的意思，故这类动词被称作双宾语动词。这两个宾语一个是动作的直接承受者，另一个是动作的间接承受者。一般来说指人的宾语叫间接宾语，指物的宾语叫直接宾语。通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间接宾语前需加介词for或to。,17,间接宾语后置与for连用的动词有buy,make,cook,get,choose,sing,find等。例如：UncleLiboughtmeabirthdaypresent.=UncleLiboughtabirthdaypresentforme.李叔叔给我买了一件生日礼物。,18,间接宾语后置与to连用的动词有give,lend,teach,take,return,send,pass等。例如：Pleasepasshimacupoftea.=Pleasepassacupofteatohim.请递给他一杯茶。注意：若直接宾语是人称代词，通常情况下将其置于间接宾语之前。例如：误：Pleasegivemethem.正：Pleasegivethemtome.,19,1.他把这本书给了他的2.我将写给你一封长信。3.他给你带来了一本字典。4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。5.我给他看我的照片。6.我告诉他汽车晚点了。7.他教我开机器。,20,1.他把这本书给了他的妹妹。Hegavethebooktohissister.2.我将写给你一封长信。Illwriteyoualongletter.3.他给你带来了一本字典。Hebroughtyouadictionary.4.她给丈夫做了一顿美餐。Shecookedherhusbandadeliciousmeal.,21,5.我给他看我的照片。Ishowedhimmypictures.6.我告诉他汽车晚点了。Itoldhimthatthebuswaslate.7.他教我开机器。Heshowedmehowtorunthemachine.,22,1.主语+系动词+形容词Howareyou?Imfine.Hehasfallenill.Theykeptsilent.2.主语+系动词+名词Hisdreamhasatlastbecomeareality.Heappearedafool.Itsoundsagoodidea.,四主语+系动词+表语,23,3.主语+系动词+副词IsHelenin?Summerisover.Youdbetterkeepawayfromthatguy.4.主语+系动词+介词短语Youknowwhatyouareafter.Keepoffthegrass.Thestudentsareinfavourofreform.5.主语+系动词+不定式Hisplanistokeepitsecret.Theonlythingnowistotakeataxi.Surelyshewastobetrusted.,24,6.主语+系动词+动名词Myjobisrepairingcars.Talkingtohimistalkingtoawall.Theirfavouritepastimeisplayingchess.7.主语+系动词+从句Myopinionisthattheplanwontwork.Thequestioniswhatyouwanttodo.Thatswherewediffer.ThatshowIlookatit.Theproblemiswhocanbeputincharge.,25,8.主语+系动词+形容词+介词短语Sheisfondofthiscountry.Iwassickoflyinginbed.Theyseemdelightedwiththeresult.9.主语+系动词+形容词+不定式Imhappytomeetyou.Shewaseagertoseeherpeople.10.主语+系动词+形容词+从句Imgladyouhavecome.Werenotclearwhattheyreupto.Iamnotcertainwhoheis.Hesdoubtfulwhetherhecanaffordit.,26,这些句子有一个共同的特点：谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思，必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语，才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类：be,look,keep,seem等属一类，表示情况；get,grow,become,turn等属另一类，表示变化。be本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。,27,1特纳先生是位画家。2牛奶变酸了。3.她当了律师.4.这是本英汉辞典。5.蛋糕味道很好。,28,6.一切看来都不同了。7.他长得又高又壮。8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。9.我们的井干枯了。10.他的脸红了。,29,1.特纳先生是位画家。Mr.Turnerisanartist.2.牛奶变酸了。Themilkturnedsour.3.她当了律师.Shebecamealawyer.4.这是本英汉辞典。ThisisanEnglish-Chinesedictionary.5.蛋糕味道很好。Thecakesmellsgood.,30,6.一切看来都不同了。Everythinglooksdifferent.7.他长得又高又壮。Heisgrowingtallandstrong.8.麻烦的是他们缺少钱。Thetroubleisthattheyareshortofmoney.9.我们的井干枯了。Ourwellhasgonedry.10.他的脸红了。Hisfaceturnedred.,31,五主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补语,1.主语+及物动词+宾语+形容词Ithoughthersoniceandsincere.Theydidntbelievesuchathingpossible.Hefounditdifficulttosatisfytheirneeds.2.主语+及物动词+宾语+名词TheycalledtheirdaughterMary.WeelectedSmithourchairman.Wethoughtitourdutytohelpthem.,32,3.主语+及物动词+宾语+介词短语Heputhisbooksinorder.Thisplacedherinaverydifficultposition.Shewasplacedinaverydifficultposition.4.主语+及物动词+宾语+副词Shewishedherselfhome.Dontleavemebehind.5.主语+及物动词+宾语+不定式Whatdoyouadvisemetodo?Iwishyoutobehappy?Weallfelttheplantobeunwise.,33,6.主语+及物动词+宾语+不带to的不定式Wecantletthisgoon.Didyounoticehimcomein?7.主语+及物动词+宾语+现在分词IsawherchattingwithNancy.Ihateyoubeingunhappy.Icouldsmelltroublecoming.8.主语+及物动词+宾语+过去分词Hewatchedthepianocarriedupstairs.Youmustmakeyourselfrespected.Youhavetogetaphotographtaken.,34,分析这些句子的共同特点是：谓语动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。宾语补足语的作用是说明宾语的动作或状态。宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。宾语补足语可以由名词、动词不定式、形容词、副词和介词短语等充当。注意：在使役动词make,let,have等引起的复合宾语中，若宾语补足语是动词不定式，则要省去不定式符号to。例如：Hemadeuslaugh.他使我们发笑。Iwontletyougo.我不会让你走。Ihavethemcometomorrowmorning.我让他们明天早上来。,35,1.我发现这本书不难。2.我将让他去。3.他们叫他詹姆斯。4.我们将保持桌面干净。5.他们把门漆成绿色。,36,6.他怎么会这样想?7.我们送他出去。8.他要我早点回来。9.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。,37,1.我发现这本书不难。Ifoundthebookeasy.2.我将让他去。Illlethimgo.3.他们叫他詹姆斯。TheycalledhimJames.4.我们将保持桌面干净。Wewillkeepthetableclean.5.他们把门漆成绿色。Theypaintedthedoorgreen.,38,6.他怎么会这样想?Whatmakeshimthinkso？7.我们送他出去。Wesawhimout.8.他要我早点回来。Heaskedmetocomebacksoon.9.我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。Isawthemgettingonthebus.,39,练习:判断下面的句子是哪种句型Yoursisterdancesbeautifully.Theyprovedthattheearthwasround.Thisfoodlooksinviting.Doingthatwouldbeplayingwithfire.,主谓,主谓宾,主系表,主谓宾,40,5.Theykepttheirmarriageasecret.6.Heplayeddead.7.Shewasnicknamed“LittleRabbit”.8.Showmewhatyoubought.9.Sheneverdoubtedthatshewasright.10.Goodfoodkeepsyouhealthy.,主谓双宾,主谓,主谓宾,主谓双宾,主谓宾,主谓宾宾补,41,1.Thepalaceswerelargeandbeautiful.2.Horse-riding,hammerthrowand