宏观经济学选择题

第一单元 An American company owns a fast-food store in Lima, Peru. The value of the goods and services produced in the store a.are included in both Peruvian GDP and U.S. GDP. b.are included partly in Peruvian GDP and partly in U.S. GDP. c.are included in U.S. GDP, but not Peruvian GDP. d.are included in Peruvian GDP, but not U.S. GDP. e.none of the above 1. In order to include many different goods and services in an aggregate measure, GDP is computed using, primarily, a.values of goods and services based on surveys of consumers. b.market prices. c.consumer and producer surpluses. d.costs of producing goods and services. 2. Igor and Natalia have each been doing their own housework. Igor decides to hire Natalia to do his housework, and in turn, Natalia hires Igor to do her housework. As a result of this change, a.GDP falls. b.GDP rises. c.GDP is unaffected because housework is not included in GDP. d.GDP is unaffected because the same work is being performed in both cases. 3. Which of the following is an example of double counting? a.errors made in adding together the value of all final goods and services to measure GDP b.adding the market value of the wood used to produce a house to the market value of the house in measuring GDP c.adding the change in inventories to GDP d.All of the above are examples of double counting. 4. Over the last few decades, Americans have chosen to cook less at home and eat more at restaurants. This change in behavior, by itself, has a.reduced measured GDP. b.not affected measured GDP. c.increased measured GDP only to the extent that the value of the restaurant meals exceeded the value of meals previously cooked at home. d.increased measured GDP by the full value of the restaurant meals. 5。 Grapes are a.always counted as an intermediate good. b.counted as an intermediate good only if they are used to produce another good, such as wine. c.counted as an intermediate good only if they are consumed. d.counted as an intermediate good, whether they are used to produce another good or consumed. 6。A steel company sells some steel to a bicycle company for $150. The bicycle company uses the steel to produce a bicycle, which it sells for $250. Taken together, these two transactions contribute a.$150 to GDP. b.$250 to GDP. c.between $250 and $400 to GDP, depending on the profit earned by the bicycle company when it sold the bicycle. d.$400 to GDP. 1. If a U.S. citizen buys a tractor made in Belarus, a.U.S. net exports decrease, and U.S. GDP decreases. b.U.S. net exports are unaffected, and U.S. GDP decreases. c.U.S. net exports are unaffected, and U.S. GDP is unaffected. d.U.S. net exports decrease but U.S. GDP is unaffected. 2. Which of the following represents a transfer payment? a.the government sends your grandfather his social security check. b.you transfer $1,000 from your bank account to a mutual fund. c.the bank transfers $10 quarterly interest to your savings account. d.your employer automatically transfers $100 each month from your pay to a non-taxable medical spending account. 3. You send a gift of $500 to your brother in Montana. When it is received, a.GDP increases because the $500 represents income to your brother. b.GDP decreases because the $500 represents a reduction in your income. c.GDP is unaffected because the $500 represents a transfer, not a purchase. d.GDP increases because your brother will probably spend it. 4。Goods that go into inventory and are not sold during the current period are a.counted as intermediate goods and so are not included in current period GDP. b.counted in current period GDP only if the firm that produced them sells them to another firm. c.included in current period GDP as inventory investment. d.included in current period GDP as consumption. 5。A good is produced by a firm in 2007, added to the firms inventory in 2007, and sold to a household in 2008. As a result, on net, a.2007 GDP increased and 2008 GDP decreased. b.2007 GDP decreased and 2008 GDP increased. c.2007 GDP did not change and 2008 GDP increased. d.2007 GDP increased and 2008 GDP did not change. 6。Unemployment compensation is a.part of GDP because it represents income. b.part of GDP because the recipients must have worked in the past to qualify. c.not part of GDP because it is a transfer payment. d.not part of GDP because the payments reduce business profits. 1。Changes in real GDP reflect a.only changes in prices. b.only changes in the amounts being produced. c.both changes in prices and changes in the amounts being produced. d.neither changes in prices nor changes in the amounts being produced. 2。 If nominal GDP doubles and the GDP deflator doubles, then real GDP a.remains constant. b.doubles. c.triples. d.quadruples. 3。In the economy of Wrexington in 2008, real GDP was $5 trillion and the GDP deflator was 200. What was Wrexingtons nominal GDP in 2008? a.$2.5 trillion b.$10 trillion c.$40 trillion d.$100 trillion 4。In the economy of Wrexington in 2008, nominal GDP was $20 billion and the GDP deflator was 50. What was Wrexingtons real GDP in 2008? a.$2.5 billion b.$10 billion c.$40 billion d.$100 billion 5。A country reported a nominal GDP of $115 billion in 2008 and $125 billion in 2007. It also reported a GDP deflator of 85 in 2008 and 100 in 2007. Between 2007 and 2008, a.real output and the price level both rose. b.real output rose and the price level fell. c.real output fell and the price level rose. d.real output and the price level both fell.第二单元 1. In the calculation of the CPI, coffee is given greater weight权重 than tea if A. consumers buy more coffee than tea. B. the price of coffee is higher than the price of tea. C. it costs more to produce coffee than it costs to produce tea. D. coffee is more readily available than tea is to the typical consumer. 2. Suppose a basket of goods and services has been selected to calculate the CPI and 2002 has been selected as the base year. In 2002, the baskets cost was $50; in 2004, the baskets cost was $52; and in 2006, the baskets cost was $54.60. The value of the CPI in 2006 was A. 91.6. B. 104.6. C. 109.2. D. 154.6. 3. If the CPI was 110 this year and 100 last year, then A. the cost of the CPI basket of goods and services increased by 110 percent this year. B. the price level increased by 10 percent this year. C. the inflation rate for this year was 10 percent higher than the inflation rate for last year. D. All of the above are correct. 4. Because the CPI is based on a fixed basket of goods, substitution bias causes the index to a.overstate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next. b.ignore any increase in the cost of living from one year to the next. c.understate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next. d.sometimes understate, and sometimes overstate the increase in the cost of living from one year to the next. 5. Suppose lawn mowers are part of the market basket used to compute the CPI. Suppose also that the quality of lawn mowers improves while the price of lawn mowers stays the same. If the Bureau of Labor Statistics is able to precisely adjust the CPI for the improvement in quality, then, other things equal, A. the CPI will rise. B. the CPI will fall.相当于美元升值 C. the CPI will stay the same. D. lawn mowers will no longer be included in the market basket. 1. A Japanese automobile company produces cars in the United States, some of which are exported to other nations. If the price of the cars increases, a.the GDP deflator and the CPI will both increase. b.the GDP deflator will increase and the CPI will be unchanged. c.the GDP deflator will be unchanged and the CPI will increase. d.the GDP deflator and the CPI will both be unchanged. 2. A Brazilian company produces shirts in the United States and exports all of them to Lithuania. If the price of the shirts increases, a.the GDP deflator and the CPI both increase. b.the GDP deflator is unchanged and the CPI increases. c.the GDP deflator increases and the CPI is unchanged. d.the GDP deflator and the CPI are unchanged. 3. A decrease in the price of domestically produced nuclear reactors 没有被民众消费will be reflected in a. both the GDP deflator and the consumer price index. b. neither the GDP deflator nor the consumer price index. c. the GDP deflator but not in the consumer price index. d. the consumer price index but not in the GDP deflator. 4. The price of DVD players increases dramatically, causing a 1 percent increase in the CPI. The price increase will most likely cause the GDP deflator to increase by（CPI是被高估的） a. more than 1 percent. b. less than 1 percent. c. 1 percent. d. None of the above is correct; this particular price increase will not affect the GDP deflator. 1. The nominal interest rate is a.the interest rate paid or charged by a bank. b.the interest rate as usually reported without a correction for the effects of inflation. c.a low interest rate. d.all of the above e.a and b above 2. If the nominal interest rate is 8% and rate of inflation is 3%, the real interest rate is a.11%. b.24%. c.5%. d.3.75%. 3. If the nominal interest rate is 5% and the rate of inflation is 10%, the real interest rate is a.5%. b.50%. c.15% d.5%. 4. The CPI was 120 in 2000 and 132 in 2001. Dorgan borrowed money in 2000 and repaid the loan in 2001. If the nominal interest rate on the loan was 12 percent, then the real interest rate was a. 2 percent. b. 10 percent. c. 12 percent. d. 22 percent.第三单元 1. In a market economy, we know that a resource has become scarcer when a. its price rises relative to other prices. b. it is non-renewable and some of it is used. c. people search for substitutes. d. All of the above are correct. 2. Which of the following is an example of a renewable natural resource? a. fish b. soybeans c. wood d. All of the above are correct. 3. If an inexpensive alternative to oil were found, the price of oil adjusted for inflation a.would decline as the alternative would reduce the demand for oil. b.would decline as the alternative would reduce the supply of oil. c.would increase as the alternative would increase the demand for oil. d.would increase as the alternative would increase the supply of oil. 4. The relationship between the quantity of output created and the quantity of inputs needed to create it is called A.the capital accumulation function. B.technological knowledge. C.the production function. D.human capital. 5. Thomas Edison received patents on many of his inventions. While the patents existed, his ideas were A.public goods and proprietary knowledge. B.public goods but not proprietary专利的，私人拥有的 knowledge. C.private goods and proprietary knowledge. D.private goods but not proprietary knowledge. 6. Given that a countrys real output has increased, in which of the following cases can we be sure that its productivity also has increased? A.The total number of hours worked rose. B.The total number of hours worked stayed the same. C.The total number of hours worked fell. D.Both b and c are correct. 1. Accumulating积累，积存 capital A.requires that society sacrifice consumption goods in the present. B.allows society to consume more in the present. C.decreases saving rates. D.involves no tradeoffs. 2. If a countrys saving rate declined, then other things the same, in the long run the country would have A.lower productivity, but not lower real GDP per person. B.lower productivity and lower real GDP per person. C.lower real GDP per person, but not lower productivity D.neither lower productivity nor lower real GDP per person. 3. Suppose Japanese-based Sony Corporation builds and operates a new digital camera factory in the United States. Future production from such an investment would A.increase U.S. GNP more than it would increase U.S. GDP. B.increase U.S. GDP more than it would increase U.S. GNP. C.not affect U.S. GNP, but would increase U.S. GDP. D.have no affect on U.S. GNP or GDP. 这道题的答案是不是应该是C啊。 4. In the U.S., each additional year of schooling has historically raised a persons wage on average by about A.2 percent. B.5 percent. C.10 percent. D.15 percent. 5，Which of the following is generally an opportunity cost of investment in human capital? A.future job security B.forgone present wages C.increased earning potential D.All of the above are correct. If there are diminishing returns to capital, a.increases in the capital stock eventually decrease output. b.increases in the capital stock increase output by ever smaller amounts. c.capital produces fewer goods as it ages. d.new ideas are not as useful as old ideas. 3. Which of the following is human capital? a.breakfasts served in a companys cafeteria b.the exercise equipment in a companys gym c.understanding how to use a companys accounting software d.All of the above are correct. 4. Which of the following is a part of your Economics professors human capital? a.her copy of Mankiws text b.her chalk holder c.the degree she earned from some prestigious university d.All of the above are correct. 5. The catch-up effect refers to the idea that a.rich countries aid relatively poor countries so as to catch them up. b.savings will always catch-up with investment spending. c.it is easier for a country to grow fast if it starts out relatively poor. d.if investment spending is low, increased saving will help investment to catch-up. 6. A rapid increase in the number of workers is likely to a.raise both real GDP and real GDP per person. b.raise real GDP, but decrease real GDP per person. c.raise real GDP per person, but decrease real GDP. d.decrease both real GDP and real GDP per person. 7. An educated person might generate ideas to increase production. These ideas duce external benefits. duce a return to society from education that is greater than the return to the individual. c.could justify government subsides for education. d.All of the above are correct. 1. In a closed economy, national saving国民储蓄 equals a.investment. b.income minus the sum of consumption and government expenditures. c.private saving plus public saving. d.All of the above are correct. 2. Suppose that in a closed economy GDP is equal to 8,000, Taxes are equal to 2,000, Consumption equals 5,000, and Government expenditures equal 1,000. What is national saving? a.0 b.2000 c.3000 d.None of the above are correct. 3. A budget deficit is created when the government a.buys back more bonds than it issues. b.spends more than it receives in tax revenue. c.receives more tax revenue than it spends. d.None of the above are correct. 4. A higher interest rate induces people to a.save more, so the demand for loanable funds slopes upward. b.save less, so the demand for loanable funds slopes downward. c.invest more so the demand for loanable funds slopes upward. d.invest less so the demand for loanable funds slopes downward. 5. If the government increased the tax on interest income, investment a.would rise. b.would be unaffected. c.would fall. d.could rise, fall, or remain unchanged. 6. A government budget deficit a.increases private savings and national saving. b.increases public savings but reduces national saving. c.reduces private saving, but increases national saving. d.reduces both public and national saving. 7. The fall in investment due to government borrowing is called a.the reverse equity premium. b.crowding out. c.the reshuffle effect. d.the Ricardian Principle.第四单元 1. The BLS recently reported that there were 45.06 million people over age 16 who had at least a bachelors degree. Of this number 36.21 million were in the labor force and 35.54 were employed. What was the labor-force participation rate and the unemployment rate for this group? a.about 98 percent and 1.49 percent b.about 80 percent and 1.85 percent c.about 79 percent and 1.89 percent d.None of the above is correct. 2. John is looking for work as a lawyer. He has turned down a couple of jobs to search for a better match. Curtis is an out of work garbage collector. He would work for less than what the jobs he applied for pay. a.John and Curtis are both frictionally unemployed. b.John and Curtis are both structurally unemployed. c.John is frictionally unemployed and Curtis is structurally unemployed. d.John is structurally unemployed and Curtis is frictionally unemployed. 3. The natural unemployment rate includes a.both frictional and structural unemployment. b.neither frictional nor structural unemployment. c.structural, but not frictional unemployment. d.frictional, but not structural unemployment. 4. People who are unemployed because of job search are best classified as a.cyclically unemployed. b.frictionally unemployed. c.structurally unemployed. d.discouraged workers. 5. Economists hav