雅思议论文开头段落的写法.ppt

议论文的结构,开头段(Backgroundinformation+thesisstatement)主体段落23段（Topicsentence+supportingsentences）结尾段落Conclusion,三、开头段落的写法,开头段(Backgroundinformation+thesisstatement),sample,剑7test3Asmostpeoplespendamajorpartoftheiradultlifeatwork,jobsatisfactionisanimportantelementofindividualwellbeing.Whatfactorscontributetojobsatisfaction?Howrealisticistheexpectationofjobsatisfactionforallworkers?,范文开头段：Nowadaysmanyadultshavefull-timejobsandtheproportionoftheirlivesspentdoingsuchjobsisveryhigh.Sofeelingsaboutonesjobmustreflecthowanindividualfeelsabouthisorherlifeasawhole,andbecauseofthis,jobsatisfactionisindeedveryimportantforwellbeingofthatperson.,开头段一般可以分为三个部分,第一部分：背景句（12）第二部分：主题句1第三部分：观点句或者写作目的陈述（也就是简单介绍下文内容）1,背景句的写法,如何写背景句：首先确定题目讨论的是哪个方面的问题，然后以这个问题为中心，写一句介绍性的话注意的问题：不要把背景给的过于宽泛或者狭窄，要起到引出主题的作用。,例1.Incountrieswherethereisahighrateofunemployment,mostpupilsshouldbeofferedonlyprimaryeducation.Thereisnopointinofferingsecondaryeducationtothosewhohavenohopeoffindingajob.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisstatement?(08.01.26),Unemploymentisoneofthegreatestsocialproblemsofourtime.Therelationshipbetweeneducationandunemployment,inparticular,hasbecomeatroublingissuepreoccupyingmanygovernmentsacrosstheworld.,例2.Manypeopleusedistance-learningprograms(studymaterialpost,TV,Internet,etc.)tostudyathome,butsomepeoplethinkthatitcannotbringthebenefitasmuchasattendingcollegeoruniversity.Towhatextentdoyouagreeordisagreewiththisopinion?(08.10.23=04.11.13),Tokeepabreastofthe21stcentury,largenumbersofpeopleareseekingtotertiaryeducation.Distancelearning,amoderneducationalmodel,hasreceivedwidecurrencyamongqualificationseekers.,例3.Itisgenerallybelievedthatsomepeoplearebornwithcertaintalents,forinstanceforsportormusic,andothersarenot.However,itissometimesclaimedthatanychildcanbetaughttobecomeagoodsportspersonormusician.Discussboththeseviewsandgiveyouropinion.,Therelativeimportanceofnaturaltalentandtrainingisafrequenttopicofdiscussionwhenpeopletrytoexplaindifferentlevelsofabilityin,forexample,sport,artormusic.,背景句可以使用的套句,（1）Thedevelopmentof(设置一些背景的铺垫)isinevitableandundeniable.换词:1、progression,evolution，growth2、unavoidable，irreversible,irrefutable,（1）Thedevelopmentofisinevitableandundeniable.（2）Thethornypressingproblemofhasbecomeisofahottopicissuepotatoinrecentyears.（3）hasbecomeisofatopicofpublicinterestandconcerninrecentyears.（4）isoneofthemostremarkablephenomenaofthiscenturyduringthepastdecades.（5）Withincreasingnumberof,hasbecomeasocialissue.,（5）Withincreasingnumberof,hasbecomeatopicalissue.例：随着越来越多的妇女参与全职工作，由谁来照顾孩子已经成为了社会上的一个问题。Withincreasingnumberofwomentakingpartinfull-timejobs,whoshouldtakecareofchildrenhasbecomeatopicalissue.,练习题：讲义第2题Withincreasinginvestmentandemphasisoneducation,theimportanceofeachsubjecthassparkedpeoplesinterestandconcern.例子：随着人们对教育越来越多的投资和关注，每一个学科的重要性已经渐渐引起人们的关注。,练习题：讲义第25题*Theoverwhelmingimpactoffashiononclothespreferencehasbecomeatopicofpublicinterestandconcern.*Withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,peoplesdemandsonclotheshavebeenexpandingtoafashionlevel.,练习题：讲义第19题Whenpeopleenjoythebenefitsoflivinginmetropolis,theyhavetofaceandtacklewiththeheadachesthatbroughtbyurbanlife.,练习题：讲义第21题*Withincreasingattentionhasbeengiventohealth,muchcontroversyissparkedonthisissue.,第二句：写法一：改写文章的题目（问题类之外的题目）写法二：直接交代问题产生的原因（问题类题目）,写法一：改写文章的题目改写时注意的两个问题：1）改写题目，而不是照抄题目2）简洁地改写题目，避免累赘,改写题目的方法：方法一：改词改变关键词的词性同义词替换增加或删减原题内容,改写题目可用的句式,方法二：改句式Whatisundercontroversyiswhether(讨论的话题)Whenitcomesto,someindividualsmaintain,whileotherspossesstheperceptionthat.表“认为、持有看法”：Insist,maintain,argue,consider,deem,reckon,declare,profess,assert,advocate,pronounce,harborholdpossesstheviewstandpointviewpointperceptionargumentthat,Thereisaperceptionthat,whileacounterconverseargumentisthatTherecropsupasocialdilemma/ambivalenceovertheissuethatPeople,nevertheless,holdvariousopinionsintermsoftheissuewhetheritisablessingoracurse.Differentpeopleholdvariousviewpointsastotheissuewhetherisbeneficialto,第三句：阐明个人立场（观点类题目）说明写作目的（其他类型题目）,写法一：阐述自己的观点和立场(支持反对或者中立)Inmyopinion在我看来：inmysubmission,asIseeit,frommypointofview,frommyperspective,Itismyconsideredviewthat,Personally,Iaminfavoroftheformer/lateropinion.(=Iam,personally,infavorof)结构：开场词+观点的表达开场词：tobefrankhonest,franklyhonestly(speaking)坦诚地说，老实说,assuredly,indeed,admittedly表示支持的动词：support,favor,espouse，propup，standby，sustain，brace，subscribeto表示反对的动词：object，oppose，protest，combat，goagainst，haveanobjectionto,也可以说“我是的支持者/反对者”Iamasupporteroftheargument/theory/standpointthatBeingAsthesupporteroftheformer/laterargument,Iholdtheperspectivethat支持者：supporter;sustainer;proponent反对者：discommender，dissenter，foe，objectoropponent,写法二：说明写作目的、简单描述中间内容（针对观点类之外题目）Here,Iwouldliketoexplorethecomplicatedtopicissuefromdifferentaspects.,Thisminiessaywillcompareandcontrastthebenefitsanddownsidesinacomprehensiveperspective/fromvariousangles.(用于讨论优缺点的题目）优点：merit，pro,positiveside,shiningsidestrongpoint,benefit,virtue,缺点：demerit，con,negativeside，darkside,weakpoint,shortcoming,drawback，defect，blemish，flaw，imperfection*Thisminiessaywillelaborateonbothsidesconsideratelyandfinallyvoicemyargument.（用于讨论加观点类题目）,问题类的开头段和前两类的介绍段一样，我们同样用三句话完成介绍段的写作，第一句的背景句写作，问题类和观点类、讨论类的写法是一样的，不同的是第二句的题目的改写和第三句的写法。例如：TOPIC：Whatarethecausesandsolutionsoftheproblemofthescarcityofwat