名词性从句难点讲解

名词性从句考点分析,教学目标,1、语序(orderofspeech)2、易混连词用法比较(comparisonofeasily-confusingconj.)3、时态(tense)4、语气(mood)5、形式作用的it6、插入语(parentheticalstatement)7、与相关句式的比较(comparisonofrelatedsentencepatterns),TellthetypeofeachNounClouse:SC（主语从句）、OC（宾语从句）、PC（表语从句）、AC（同位语从句）1.Whatlifewillbelikeinthefutureisdifficulttopredict.2.Itiscertainthatthingswillchange.3.Theyarecarefulaboutwhattheyeatandexerciseregularly.4.Wecannotbesurewhetherourdreamswillcometrue,butwecanatleastbehopefulthatoureffortstoimprovetheworldwillbesuccessful.5.Thediscussiontopicfortodayiswhatschoolswillbelikeinthefuture.6.Itlooksasiftheyareveryexcitedatthenews.7.Thesuggestionthatstudentsshouldlearnsomethingpracticalisworthconsidering.,导入名词性从句的认识,PC,SC,PC,AC,OC,SC,OC,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Canyoutellmehowmanystudentsarethereinyourclass?2.Idontknowwherehashegone.3.Theowneroftheshopcametoseewhatthematterwas.,thereare,hehas,wasthematter.,规律一：名词性从句中须使用陈述语序！,考点精析1、语序(orderofspeech),考点精析1、语序practice,1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesntmatter_Imtalkingto.A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom2.Theseshoeslookverygood.Iwonder_.A.howmuchcosttheyareB.howmuchdotheycostC.howmuchtheycostD.howmucharetheycost3.Someoneisringingthedoorbell.Goandsee_.A.whoisheB.whoheisC.whoisitD.whoitis,B,C,D,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Ifwewillhaveameetinghasntbeendecidedyet.2.Itdependsoniftheweatherissuitableforustodoit.3.Thequestionisifhehimselfwillbepresentatthemeeting.4.HeaskedmeifIcouldgowithhimornot.,Whether,whether,whether,whether,规律二：5种情况只能用whether：（1）位于句子开头；（2）前面有介词；（3）引导表语从句；（4）与ornot连用(书)；（5）引导同位语从句,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较whether与if,1.Wehaventsettledthequestionof_itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.A.ifB.whereC.whetherD.that2._(他是否出过国)doesntmakemuchdifference.(he,abroad)3._wellgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.A.IfB.WhetherC.ThatD.Where,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较whether与ifpractice,Key:Whetherhehasbeenabroadornot,c,b,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Ihadnoideawhathehadchangedhismind.2.Thatwecantgetseemsbetterthanthatwehave.3.Thepolicewerecalledintofindoutthatcausedthebigfire.4.Thatyouhavedonemightdoharmtootherpeople.,that,What,what,what,What,规律三：（1）that:无意义，不充当成分，and/or/but/并列连词引导的多个宾语从句中的that,第一个可省略，第二个及以后的均不可省略。（2）what：有意义（“所的，的”），表示特指概念；充当成分（主、宾、表、定）；不可省略。,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(2)what与that,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(2)what与thatpractice,1.(07上海春招)Byimprovingreadingskills,youcanreadfasterandunderstandmoreof_youread.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whether2.(07陕西)_parentssayanddohasalife-longeffectontheirchildren.A.ThatB.WhichC.WhatD.As3.(05广东)Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_acureforAIDSwillbefound.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether4.(06四川)-Itsthirtyyearssincewelastmet.-ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,_wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when,B,B,C,B,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Whoeverwillspeakatthemeetinghasnotbeendecidedyet.2.Whobreaksthelawshallbepunished.3.Goandfindoutwhateverthechildwants.4.Hewillgivehisdaughterwhatshewants.,Who,Whoever,what,whatever,规律四：（1）what类词(who/which/whom/when/where/how):有疑问意义，表示特指概念,充当成分。（2）whatever类词(whoever/whichever/whomever/whenever/wherever):有意义，“凡是的，无论的，所有的”），无疑问意义，表示泛指概念；充当成分。相当于anyonewho,anythingthat,anyonethat/who,anytimewhen,anyplacewhere.,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(3)what类词与whatever类词,1._makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.A.WhatB.WhoC.WhateverD.Whoever2.-Couldyoudomeafavour?-Itdependson_itis.A.whichB.whicheverC.whatD.whatever3.ThesewildflowersaresospecialIwoulddo_Icantosavethem.A.whateverB.thatC.whichD.whichever4.Eat_cakeyoulikeandleavetheothersfor_comesinlate.A.any;whoB.every;whoeverC.whichever;whoeverD.either;whoever,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(3)what类词与whatever类词practice,c,c,A,A,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：Whateverisworthdoingisworthdoingwell.2.Whoeveryouare,youmustobservethelaw.3.Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.4.Nomatterwholeavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.,规律五：（1）nomatterwhat类词(who/which/whom/when/where/how):只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导名词性从句与whatever类词互换。（2）whatever类词(whoever/whichever/whomever/whenever/wherever)(除however外):既可以引导名词性从句，又可引导让步状语从句。引导让步状语从句时，能与nomatterwhat类词互换。（3）however只能引导让步状语从句。,Whatever,whoever,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(4)nomatterwhat类词与whatever类词,考点精析2、易混连词用法比较(4)nomatterwhat类词与whatever类词,1.(07山东)CouldIspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho2.(06山东)_teamwinsonSaturdaywillgothroughtothenationalchampionships.A.NomatterwhatB.NomatterwhichC.WhateverD.Whichever3.(05浙江)Theoldtowermustbesaved,_thecost.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever4.(05天津)Hetriedhisbesttosolvetheproblem,_difficultitwas.A.howeverB.nomatterC.whateverD.although,c,d,b,a,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：Whathespokeyesterdayisworthtalkingaboutnow.2.Ihaveknownwhenhewillgoabroadforhisfurtherstudy.3.Iknowthatheisplayingcomputergamesinhisroom.4.Wewilltellyoutomorrowwhattheyweredoingat8:00yesterday.,规律六：若主句是现在或将来时,从句的时态根据实际，用所需要的时态(各种时态形式)，不受主句时态的限制。,考点精析3、时态(1)主句是现在或将来时,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：1.HesaidthathehaddonehishomeworkbeforewatchingTV.2.Iwasreadinganovelwhensomeonerangthedoorbell.3.Manknew900yearsagothattheearthgoesaroundthesun.4.Wetoldyouwhattheywoulddoat8:00tomorrow.,规律七：（1）若主句是过去时,名词性从句的时态根据实际，用过去的某种时态形式，受主句时态的限制。（2）若主句是过去时,名词性从句若是真理或客观事实，则从句时态仍用一般现在时态。,考点精析3、时态(2)主句是过去时,判断下列句子是否错误，并总结出规律：1.Hewishesthathecouldflyintheskyjustlikeafreebird.2.Itisthefirst/secondtimethathehasbeentoChain.3.Itis(high)timethatwehadourclassnow.4.Itis/hasbeen10yearssincehelefthishome.,规律八：（1）若主句动词是wish,名词性从句的时态必须用过去的某一种时态，不用现在的某种时态形式，也不用一般将来时。（2）若主句为Itis(high)timethat时，从句用一般过去时，或用“should+动词原形”。（3）若主句为Itis/hasbeen10yearssince,则从句用一般过去时态。（4）若主句为Itisthefirst/secondtimethat,则从句用现在完成时态。,考点精析3、时态(3)主句是特殊句式,考点精析3、时态practice,1.(05北京)Assoonashecomesback,Illtellhimwhen_andseehim.A.youwillcomeB.willyoucomeC.youcomeD.doyoucome2.(05江西)-Hurryup!AliceandSuearewaitingforyouattheschoolgate.-Oh!Ithoughtthey_withoutme.A.wentB.aregoingC.havegoneD.hadgone3.(07四川)Whenyougetthepaperback,payattentiontowhat_.A.havemarkedB.havebeenmarkedC.hadmarkedD.hadbeenmarked4.(07天津)IfNewtonlivedtoday,hewouldbesurprisedbywhat_inscienceandtechnology.A.haddiscoveredB.hadbeendiscoveredC.hasdiscoveredD.hasbeendiscovered,d,d,b,a,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：1.Wesuggestedthatwewouldgotothecinema.2.Mysuggestionisthatwemustdoourhomeworkfirst.3.Hissuggestionthatwewentthereonfootisacceptable.,Wesuggestedthatwe(should)gotothecinema.,Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)doourhomeworkfirst.,Hissuggestionthatwe(should)gothereonfoot,规律九：注意虚拟语气的使用！(主、宾、表、同),考点精析4、语气(mood),虚拟语气用should的情况,1.动词：一个坚持(insist);两个命令(order,command);三项要求(demand,require,request);四条建议(suggest,propose,advise,recommend)后接that宾语从句中，it+be+v.ed+that的主语从句中2.以上动词的名词(insistence,order,command,demand,requirement,request,suggestion,proposal,advice,recommendation)所接的同位语从句及表语从句中妙法巧计:“Idropcars”3.在“It+adj.(important,natural,necessary,strange,urgent,essential)+that主语从句”中4.在“Itis(about/high)time+that主语从句”中,1.(05江苏)-Dontyouthinkitnecessarythathe_toMiamibuttoNewYork?-Iagree,buttheproblemis_hehasrefusedto.A.willnotbesent;thatB.notbesent;thatC.shouldnotbesent;whatD.shouldnotsend;what2.Janespalefacesuggestedthatshe_ill,andherparentssuggestedthatshe_amedicalexamination.A.be;shouldhaveB.was;haveC.shouldbe;hadD.was;has,考点精析4、语气(mood)practice,B,B,找出下列句子中的错误，并总结出规律：Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillheldoursportsmeeting.3.Everybodyconsidersitimpossiblewhichhewantstofinishthejobinsuchashorttime.4.Itdoesntmatterthatyouwillcomeornot.,it,it,that,whether,规律十：主语从句和宾语从句在适当的情况下可以借助“it”而后置。,考点精析5、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句,主语从句和宾语从句借助“it”后置的“适当情况”,1、Itis/wasnecessary/important/clear/certain/that/wh-;2.Itseems/ed/happens/ed/appears/ed/makesnodifference/doesntmatterthat/wh-;3、Itis/wassaid/reported/announced/suggested/ordered/expected/decided/that/wh-;4、Itisnowonder/anhonor/apleasure/apity/nosurprisethat/wh-;宾语从句在以下句型中:1、主语+vt.（find/feel/think/consider/make/believe/consider/）+it+宾补+that/wh-;2、主语+vt.（love/like/hate/appreciate/）+it+that/wh-;,1.(07天津)Hedidntmake_clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.A.thisB.thatC.itD.these2.(05上海春招)Ourclubisopentoadultsonly._yourchildrenhaveenteredwithoutpermission.A.ThereseemsthatB.ItseemstobeC.ThereseemstobeD.Itseemsthat3.(04全国)Ilike_intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.A.thisB.thatC.itD.one,考点精析5、形式作用的it-代替主语或宾语从句practice,C,D,C,分析下列句子中的插入语及分割现象，并总结出规律：-Whatdidyourparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?-Theyalwaysletmedo_IthinkIshould.A.whenB.thatC.howD.what2.(05福建)Mumiscoming.Whatpresent_foryourbirthday?A.youexpectshehasgotB.youexpecthasshegotC.doyouexpectshehasgotD.doyouexpecthasshegot,考点精析6、插入语及分割现象,D,c,规律十一：（1）在陈述句中（含分割现象）:暂时忽略插入语，不受其干扰；或还原为正常语序。（2）在疑问句中:正常语序是：“特殊疑问词开头+插入语(doyouthink/believe/guess/suppose/say/suggest/areyousure)+陈述语序？”,考点精析6、插入语及分割现象,(05浙江)Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary_hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.A.whoB.thatC.asD.which2.(06重庆)Nobodybelievehisreasonforbeingabsentfromclass_hehadtomethisuncleattheairport.A.whyB.thatC.whereD.because3.(06全国)Pleaseremindme_hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.A.whereB.whenC.howD.what,B,B,B,规律十二：去掉itis/wasthat后，下余内容所构成的句子成分完整时，该结构即为强调句型。,考点精析7、与相关句式的比较(1)与强调句型itis/wasthat比较,分析下列句子中的强调句型，并总结出规律：1.(07上海春)Itisimagination_makestheworldcolorful,fullofvigorandvitality.A.whereB.whatC.thatD.when2.(07重庆)Itisnotwhoisrightbutwhatisright_isofimportance.A.whichB.itC.thatD.this3.(06辽宁)Itwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired_herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.as4.(05天津)Itiswhatyoudoratherthanwhatyousay_matters.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.this5.(04全国)Itwasntuntilnearlyamonthlater_Ireceivedthemanagersreply.A.sinceB.whenC.asD.that,c,c,D,A,A,（活力和生气）,考点精析7、与相关句式的比较(2)与定语从句,分析下列句子中的从句，并总结出规律：1.(06上海春)Dorissuccessliesinthefact_sheiscooperativeandeagertolearnfromother.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.why2.(04上海)Astorygoes_ElizabethofEnglishlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that3.(07江西)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_sheneededtodecidewhattodo.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.where4.(07福建)Thevillagehasdevelopedalot_welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where5.(05安徽)Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool.Itisnolonger_itwasyearsago,_itwassopoorlyequipped.A.what;whenB.that;whichC.what;whichD.which;that,B,D,D,D,A,。,规律十三：(1)名词性从句:a.只有同位语从句前有先行词；b.该先行词多为抽象意义的名词；c.先行词在从句中不充当任何成分；d.连词和从句所表达的意义是先行词的具体内容。(2)定语从句:a.前必须有先行词；b.该先行词可为抽象意义或具体意义的名词；c.先行词在从句中必须充当任何成分；d.连词和从句所表达的意义是对先行词的内容的限制和修饰。,。,规律十三：(3)不同的引导词:as不用在名词从句中;when,where在名词性从句中不能与in/on/atwhich互换;whether,if,what,how不用在定语从句中。(4)名词从句与定语从句的一些对应关系:what=allthat;whoever=anyonewho;whomever=anyonewhom;whatever=anythingthat;whichever=anyofthat。,考点精析7、与相关句式的比较(3)与状语从句,分析下列句子中的从句，并总结出规律：1.Itisalmostfiveyears_wesaweachotherlasttime.A.beforeB.sinceC.afterD.when2.Youcaneatfoodfreeinmyrestaurant_youlike.A.wheneverB.whereverC.whateverD.however3.Dontleavethesharpknife_ourlittleJanecangetit.A.inwhichB.towhichC.thatD.where4.Seetheflagsontopofthebuilding?Thatwas_wedidthismorning.A.whenB.whichC.whereD.what5.Couldyouspeakto_isinchargeofInternationalSales,please?A.anyoneB.someoneC.whoeverD.nomatterwho,B,c,D,D,A,。,规律十四：（1）状语从句：a.从句本身一定是完整的句子。b.连词有自己“独立的、固定的、特定的”意义。c.连词不充当