高一英语同步精品课件：module 1 our body and healthy habits- grammar（外研版必修2）（ 2013高考）

1lie vi.(lay, lain, lying)1)躺着Ive lain awake all night long thinking of how to deal with the problem.我一夜未睡，考虑怎样处理这个问题。2)在处(有)She wanted to bring out all kinds of things that lay buried deep in her heart.她想把深埋心底的秘密一古脑儿地倒出来。3)位于；在处Leizhou Peninsula lies opposite Hainan Island.雷州半岛正对海南岛。,词语辨析：lie to, lie in, lie on这三个短语都用来表示位置：lie to表示在另一边；lie in表示位置在主语范围之内；lie on表示疆域(领土)的接壤。The town lies to the north of the city.这个镇在城的北边。Ninety percent of the country lies in the temperate zone.这个国家百分之九十的地方在温带。The biggest salt pan lies on the eastern coast of Hebei Province.最大的盐场在河北省东面的海岸上。,知识拓展1)lie vi. lying)撒谎I never thought you would lie to me.我从未想到过你会对我撒谎。2)lay v. (laid, laid, laying)表示“放，搁，下(蛋)，产卵”。lay down 放下lay aside 放在一边lay eggs 下蛋lay the table for dinner 摆桌子吃饭,高考直击(2010重庆33)At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _， one of the ten largest cities in China.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie Chongqing D. does Chongqing lie解析：考查倒装。表示方位的地点状语提前，句子完全倒装，所以选A项。答案：A,即学即用The manager had fallen asleep where he_， without undressing.Awas layingBwas lyingChad laid Dhad lied答案：B,2examine vt.1)检查My suitcases were examined at the Customs when I entered the country.入境时，我的提包在海关受到了检查。2)调查The judge examined the witness in the court of law.法官在法庭上询问了那位证人。3)考试；常与介词in或on连用You will be examined in French/on your knowledge of American history.你将要接受法语/美国历史知识考试。,词语辨析：check, examine, test三者都有“检查；审查”之意，但侧重点有所不同。1)check指为确定某事正确与否或为弄清某事而进行检查，以确保正确、安全、满意或处于良好状态，侧重指“核对”。Check your homework before you hand it in.把你的家庭作业检查一下然后再交。2)examine指通过仔细察看或观察以了解未知情况，既可用于人，也可用于物。The doctor examined the patient carefully.医生对这位病人作了仔细的检查。,3)test指以某种手段来试一试某人或某物是否达到了一定的标准。Before he bought the car, he drove it to test it.他在买这辆小汽车之前先开了一下试试车。,高考直击(2008浙江)Whats that noise?Oh, I forgot to tell you. The new machine_.Awas tested Bwill be testedCis being tested Dhas been tested解析：考查时态。现在进行时表示正在发生的动作或存在的状态。根据所提供的情景whats that noise？可判断出新机器正在被检测，所以要用被动语态的现在进行时。答案：C,即学即用Julin said she sent you a birthday card yesterday. Have you got it?Oh, really? I havent_my mailbox yet.Aexamined BreviewedCtested Dchecked答案：D,3need1)作行为动词need作为行为动词有人称和数的变化，后面可接名词、代词、动名词及带to的动词不定式；可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句中。She needs help.她需要帮助。I dont need to see the doctor.我不需要看病。,知识拓展sth. needs to be donesth. needs doing 某事需要被,2)作情态动词aneed作情态动词无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形，多用于否定句和疑问句中。You neednt worry.你不必担心。,b由need引出的一般疑问句，肯定回答常用must和have to；否定答语常用neednt。Need I answer the question?我需要回答那个问题吗？Yes, you must./Yes, you have to.是的，你必须回答。No, you neednt.不，不必了。dneed的否定形式与have done连用，表示过去做的事情没有必要。注意：didnt need to do sth. 指没必要做某事也没有做。,You neednt have told her. She has known it already.你本不必告诉她。她早就知道了。注意：didnt need to do sth. 指没必要做某事也没有做,3)n.aU需要They are in great need of your help.他们非常需要你的帮助。There is no need for you to go there now.你现在还不必去那里。bpl，基本需要；基本的必需品She finds it hard to meet the needs of the children.她发现很难满足孩子们的需要。,链接：There is no need to do sth. 没必要干某事in need 处境困难in need of 需要,高考直击(1)(2007陕西)As a result of the serious flood, twothirds of the buildings in the area_.Aneed repairing Bneeds to repairCneeds repairing Dneed to repair解析：need, want, require做“需要”讲时，若主语为物，宾语用v.ing形式，用主动的形式表被动的含义。答案：A,(2)(2010天津9) Mark _ have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt解析：考查情态动词。句意：迈克本来不必要那么忙的。这么高速驾驶之后，他早半个小时到达了。根据后面的语境，提前半个小时到达，说明Mark本来不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 结构，表示“本来不必要做某事的而实际上做了”。 答案：A,即学即用You_him about the urgent situation, which will make him worried.Aneednt to tell Bdont need tellCdont need to tell Dneed tell答案：C,4breathe v. 呼吸Most people dont realize they are breathing polluted air.大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着被污染了的空气。,知识拓展breath n. 呼吸take a deep breath 深吸一口气hold ones breath 屏住呼吸out of breath 喘不上气take ones breath away 令人惊叹,高考直击(2008全国)I like getting up very early in summer. The morning air is so good_.Ato be breathed Bto breatheCbreathing Dbeing breathed,解析：本题题意：在夏季，我喜欢早点起床。呼吸早上的空气对身体有益。本句还可以转换为：It is so good (for us)to breathe the morning air.不定式(短语)修饰作表语或补足语的形容词时，通常采用主动形式表示被动含义。常见的此类形容词有easy, hard, difficult, expensive, convenient, impossible, pleasant, comfortable, nice, fit, dangerous, tough等。答案：B,即学即用他因多年吸入煤灰而生病了。_答案：He became ill after breathing coal dust for many years.,1pick up1)捡起；拾起Pick up the box by the handles.抓住把手把箱子拎起来。2)收拾；收集Please pick up all your toys when youve finished playing.你玩过之后请把玩具收拾好。3)健康状况好转；恢复生机Trade is picking up again.商业情况在好转。,4)找到；获得；学会Where did you pick up your excellent French?你是在哪里学会一口流利的法语的？5)重提(话题)；(使)重新开始Lets pick up the conversation where we left off yesterday.让我们从昨天中断的地方开始再继续谈。6)收取(物)；接(人)Im going to pick up my coat from the cleaners.我要去洗衣店取我的大衣。,7)(在无线电中)收听到We picked up signals for help from the burning ship.我们收听到了失火船只发出的求救信号。8)廉价买到9)跌倒后爬起,助记,高考直击(2010山东27) Sam _ some knowledge of the computer just by watching others working on it.A. brought up B. looked up C. picked up D. set up,解析：本题考查动词短语意义辨析。句意应为“山姆只是凭借看别人操作电脑就学到了一些电脑知识。”表示“学会”用pick up; pick up另外还有“捡起； 顺车接送，搭载；收拾，整理；重新开始；获得”等义；bring up 表示“抚养，教育；提出；呕吐”；look up 表示“向上看；(形势)好转，改善；查阅”；set up表示“建立，设置；造成，产生”。答案：C,即学即用(2008全国)The director had her assistant_some hot dogs for the meeting.Apicked up Bpicks upCpick up Dpicking up答案：C,2begin with 以开始Autumn begins with August.秋天从八月开始。The evening party began with a song.晚会以一首歌开始的。,知识拓展to begin/start with 首先；第一To begin/start with, we ought to know what we study for.我们首先应该知道我们为什么而学习。(反)end up with(end up doing sth.) 以而结束The speech ended up with a famous poem.那篇演说最后以一首名诗来结束。,即学即用(2009湖南岳阳一中质检)The research is so designed that once_nothing can be done to change it.Abegins Bhaving begunCbeginning Dbegun答案：D,1Go to bed now or youll be really tired tomorrow.现在就去睡觉，否则你明天会感到很累的。Take more exercise and youll get really fit.多锻炼，你的身体会很健康的。以上两句用了同一个句式：祈使句and/or简单句。祈使句表示条件；and表示意义上的递进，or则表示意义上的转折。,Hurry up or youll miss the train.(If you dont hurry up, youll miss the train.)快点，否则就要误了火车了。Work hard and youll succeed.(If you work hard, youll succeed.)努力工作，你会成功的。,注意：这一句式中的祈使句可以与if引导的条件状语从句互换。A little more effort and the work will be finished.(If you make a little more effort, the work will be finished.)再努力一些，工作就能完成了。,高考直击(1)(2010四川19)If you have a job，_ yourself to it and finally youll succeed.Ado devote Bdont devoteCdevoting Dnot devoting解析：考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句and将来时句子”的固定搭配。此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。”答案：A,(2)(2008湖南)_the website of the Fire Department in your city, and you will learn a lot about firefighting.AHaving searchedBTo searchCSearchingDSearch解析：考查祈使句。“祈使句and/or句子”为一固定结构。答案：D,即学即用Start out right away, _youll miss the first train.Aand BbutCor Dwhile答案：C,2“That couldnt be better！”此句意为：“不可能比这更好了！”或“好极了！”cant/couldnt be形容词或副词的比较级是一种很常见的结构，常用来表示对已经发生的事情的评价或判断，可译为“不可能更加”，表示最高级概念。What do you think of the film last night?你觉得昨晚的电影怎么样？It couldnt be worse.再糟糕不过了。We couldnt have found a better place for a picnic.我们再也找不到比这更好的地方进行野餐了。,注意：这一结构实际是以比较级的形式表达最高级的含义，还可用以下这种形式：No one is taller than Tom in our class.我们班里汤姆最高。No bread is sweeter than that earned by yourself.自己挣的面包吃起来最香甜。,即学即用Your story is perfect; Ive never heard_before.Athe better one Bthe best oneCa better one Da good one答案：C,3Decide on the five most important things you should or shouldnt do in order to stay healthy.为了保持健康，决定五件最重要的你应该或不应该做的事情。stay healthy是系表结构；stay是不及物动词，也可作系动词，意为“持续不变；保持”，后接表语。How can you stay so cool, calm and collected after such a hot argument?这样一场激烈的争论过后，你怎么还能保持如此心平气和、镇静自若？,注意：stay可用进行时，通常指在某地呆一段时间不离开，或暂时留在某地。,即学即用The prices of water, electricity and gas have_for years in Binhai New District.Aremained unchangedBkept unchangedCstayed unchangingDremained unchanging答案：A,4an illness in which your chest hurts when you breathe呼吸时你感到胸疼的一种病in which your chest hurts when you breathe是定语从句，由“介词which”引导。Benjamin Franklin conducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity was.本杰明富兰克林进行了许多实验，以证明电是什么。,知识拓展关系代词前面介词的使用应根据以下情况进行选择：1)根据与前面名词的搭配关系进行选择。Ill never forget the day on which I first met him.(表示具体的某一天，介词用on),2)根据定语从句后面的动词和介词的搭配关系进行选择。The man to whom you spoke just now is a relative of my aunts.(speak to意为“对说话”)The two things of which they felt proud were Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.(be/feel proud of为固定短语，意为“为而感到自豪”)3)有时须同时考虑动词和介词的搭配关系及介词和名词的搭配关系。The clever boy made a hole in the wall, through which he could see what was happening inside the house.,高考直击(1)(2009山东)Whenever I met her，_was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.Awho BwhichCwhen Dthat解析：本题考查非限制性定语从句中关系代词的用法，指代前面一个句子，故用which。答案：B,(2)(2010江苏32) The newly built cafe, the walls of _ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.A. that B. it C. what D. which答案：D 解析：定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙。,即学即用(2008湖南)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _are beyond our control.Amost of themBmost of whichCmost of whatDmost of that答案：B,5And now I dont get migraines any more. I feel great!现在我不再偏头痛，感觉好极了。not.any moreno more 不再,知识拓展no more than 至多；同一样不not more than 至多；不超过；不比更the more., the more. 越越more than 多过；不止,词语辨析：no more, no longerno more表示数量和程度上“没有更多”；“和一样不”；no longer(通常用在动词前)，not any longer, not any more都可以表示“(过去曾)现在不再”。We have no more food at home.我们家里没吃的东西了。She no longer lives here.She doesnt live here any longer.她不在这儿住了。,即学即用Will you give this message to Mr White, please?Sorry, I cant. He_.Adoesnt any more work hereBdoesnt any longer here workCdoesnt work any more hereDdoesnt work here any longer答案：D,1名词转化为动词一个词由一种词类转化为另一种词类而不发生词形的变化，称为转化(Conversion)，转化是英语三种构词法(转化、派生、合成)中的一种。本模块主要介绍名词转化为动词。,有些名词和动词在转化时形式不变，但读音有区别：,2一般将来时一般将来时用来表示将要发生的事，常与一般将来时连用的时间状语有：next time (下次), tomorrow(明天)，before long (不久以后)，in the future (将来)，the day after tomorrow (后天)，next year (明年)等。,词语辨析：will, be going to,Ill answer the door.我去开门。(未经事先考虑的意图)I hope it will be fine tomorrow.我希望明天会晴天。(主观意愿)Im going to quit my present job.我打算辞掉现在的工作。(现在的打算，事先经过思考，指向将来)The little boy is going to fall over.小男孩要摔倒了。(根据客观迹象判断),高考直击(1)(2009江苏)Ann is in hospital.Oh, really? I_ know. I _ go and visit her.Adidnt; am going toBdont; wouldCdont; will Ddidnt; will解析：题意：“安住院了。”“真的吗？我不知道。我要去看她。”根据语境，说话者之前不