自考高级英语下册Lesson课件

LessonOne,TheCompanyinWhichIWork,Theloweryourpositionis,themorepeopleyouareafraidof.,此处采用“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，表示“越，就越”Theharderheworked,themoreprogresshemade.他工作越努力，进步越大。,drain:v.tousetoomuchofsth.sothatthereisnotenoughleft耗尽drainsb./sth.ofsth.timeandsuccessdrainedthemofenergyandambition-Theirenergyandambitionaredepleted(耗尽)bylongyearsofeffortandsuccess;theynolongerhaveenergyandambitionbecausetheyareoldandsuccessful,creditsb.withsth.:v.tobelievethatsomeonehasaquality,orhasdonesomethinggood,fitful:adj.happeningirregularlyforshortperiodsoftime;fromtimetotime一阵阵的Whenhesleptitwasshortandfitfulandthenhewouldawaken,cryingagain.当他睡着时，有片刻间歇，可一当他醒来，就会接着哭。fit:befittodosth.befitforsth.physicalfitnessafitofcoughing/laughing/anger/rage一阵adj.fitfuladv.Fitfully,Hemakesitcleartomeeverynowandthenthat,句中everynowandthen的意思是“时而，不时”Hegoesshoppingwithhiswifeeverynowandthen.他时常和他妻子一起去购物。,bypass:n.旁道v.toavoidobeyingsb.arule,orsystem,inanofficialposition走旁道以绕过或避开ignore,avoidWemanagetobypasstheshoppingcenterbytakingside-streets.我们尽量走小路以绕过购物中心区。bypassadifficulty,problemtakeuponestime:occupyonestime占用某人时间Youshouldnttakeupthemanagerstime.你不应占用经理的时间。takeonestime:takeiteasy,easydoesit,Mostoftheworkwedoinmydepartmentis,inthelongrun,trivial.,句中wedoinmydepartment为mostofthework的定语从句，其中的先行词that已省略。inthelongrun为插入部分，意为“终究，到最后”Hewilllosemoneyinthelongrun.他最终会把钱都赔掉。,Heturnsscarletwithrageandembarrassment:hisfaceflushesbecauseofangerandembarrassment。,trial:(inthetext)ashortprocessduringwhichyouusesth.oremploysb.tofindoutwhethertheyaresatisfactoryforaparticularpurposeorjob试验；审讯；努力；磨炼beontrial仔细观察Hisprivatelifecameundermediascrutiny.他的私生活开始受到媒体的密切关注。scrutinizeV.examinesth.verycarefully,oftentofindoutsomeinformationfromitoraboutit.仔细察看Herpurposewastoscrutinizehisfeaturestoseeifhewasanhonestman.她的目的是仔细察看他的特征看他是不是个诚实的人。careful/closescrutiny:n.carefulandthoroughexamination(翻译)比如，每星期都会记录下上一个星期公司每个销售办事处和销售部的销售结果,然后同前一年同期（同一个星期）的销售结果相比较。,forfeartheymaystartdoingworse.,forfear(that)以免,以防Shehidherjewelryforfearthatitwouldbestolen.她把宝石藏起来，以防被偷。,land:rmaltosucceedingettingacontract,order,job,somethingthatwasdifficulttoget.口语得到，赢得，弄到，获得：bringin:toearnaparticularamountorproduceaparticularamountofprofit引进；生产；增加elation:n.U.afeelingofextremehappinessandexcitementHewasfilledwithelationwhenherdaughterwasborn.喜出望外,Sothereiscrisisandalarmevenintheirtriumphs.Thestoryofhistriumphisverymoving.Soevenwhentheycelebratetheirsuccess,theyfeelthreatenedandscaredtoo.,cramp:n.severepaininthestomach痉挛，绞痛abdominalcramps:troublesindigestion.Thisisasatireontheirfrequent,excessiveeatingindinnerpartieswiththeirclients.,brood+over/about/on:vi.tokeepthinkingforalongtimeaboutsth.thatyouareworried,angry,orupsetabout计较（尤指忿恨不满）；郁闷地沉思Hesattherebroodingforhours.Itdoesnthelptobroodonyourmistakes.对所犯的错误耿耿于怀是无济于事的。adj.broody沮丧的，抑郁的adv.broodilyn.broodiness,grudge+against:n.C.afeelingofangerordislikeyouhaveforsomeonebecauseyoucannotforgetthattheyharmedyou=resentmentv./n.怨恨，恶意bear(sb.)agrudge(=tocontinuetohaveagrudge)grudgeagainstsb.Ibearhimnogrudge.我对他没有怨恨。Hehasagrudgeagainstme.他对我有怨恨。Hehasbeenharboring/nursingagrudgeagainstme.他一直对我心怀嫉妒。adj.grudging不情愿的，勉强的unwilling,reluctantadv.grudginglyThebossgrudginglyraisedmysalary.,incur:vt.toputyourselfinanunpleasantsituationbyyourownactions,sothatyoulosesth.,getpunishedetc.招致，引发；蒙受招惹;给自己惹起incurthedispleasureof触犯.,得罪.,伤害.感情incurlosses/debtsetc.造成损失/导致欠债incurexpenses不得不在花钱,句中towhichtheyaresubjected为修饰supervision的定语从句reactto这一固定搭配，注意其后接名词，“回应，对产生反应”Theeyereactstolight.眼对光会起反应。subjectto1.使服从于；使隶属于：Youshouldsubjectyourselftomycommand.你必须听从我的命令。2.使经受，使经历：Weweresubjectedtoveryclosequestioning.我们受到严厉的盘问。Allourproductsaresubjectedtorigoroustesting.Havetheybeensubjectedtothewar?他们经历过战争吗?,thrive繁荣，兴旺；茁壮成长thriveonsth.:toenjoyorbesuccessfulinconditionsthatotherpeople,businessesetc.finddifficultorunpleasant.Youremployeeswillthriveonthem,buttheyneedtoworkouthowtomeetthosechallengesthemselves.你的员工会在挑战中茁壮成长，变得能干无比。但他们需要自己解决如何应对这些挑战。,fallprey/victimtosth/sb,fallvictimto:becomevictimofsth.;bedeceivedbysth.成为的牺牲品；成为的受害者；被降服tosuddenlybegintosufferasaresultofsomethingorsomeonebad.E.g.:fallvictimtoadisease/anexplosion/onesownavarice(greed)Policefearthatmorepensionerscouldfallprey/victimtothethieves.,Itsawiseperson,Iguess,whoknowshesdumb,andanhonestpersonwhoknowshesaliar.,Iguess为插入语。主句采用itiswho的强调句型。anhonestpersonwhoknowshesaliar为强调句型的省略形式，其完整形式为anditisanhonestpersonwhoknowshesaliar.,goosegeesegoose-step正步走goose-flesh鸡皮疙瘩meansthatwegetintoandoutofthecompanyinaseeminglyimportantbutactuallyfoolishmanner.,retard放慢或迟缓，阻碍，妨碍hinderLackofsunretardsplantgrowth.光照不足使植物生长缓慢。n.retardation智力迟缓mentalretardationadj.retarded智力迟钝的,n.monotony单调乏味，千篇一律adj.monotonousadv.monotonously,IfrequentlyfeelImbeingtakenadvantageofmerelybecauseImaskedtodotheworkImpaidtodo.,句中merelybecauseImaskeddo为状语从句。Impaidtodo为thework的定语从句。takeadvantageof利用（人或人的弱点等）Ihopethatthislibraryisfullytakenadvantageof.,melancholyn./adj.忧郁，抑郁depression/depressedn.melancholia抑郁症Afuneralisamelancholyoccasion.葬礼是令人悲伤的场合,regardlessof意为“不顾，不管”。E.g.Hesayswhathethinks,regardlessofotherpeoplesfeelings.他想到什么就说什么，毫不考虑别人的感受。,inducev.I.劝诱，促使inducesb.todosth.Wecouldntinducetheoldladytotravelbyair.=persuadeWhatinducedyoutodosuchastupidthing?II.引起，产生，造成illnessinducedbyoverwork=causedaninducedlabor催生Wehavetoinduceher.我们得给她引产。n.inducement,(课外补充的）vergeoneisimpulsive,theother,cautious.Compliment:tosaysomethingnicetosomeoneinordertopraisethemComplement:tomakeagoodcombinationwithsomeoneorsomethingelse(相辅相成,结合得很好),5.Thelittleboy(stimulated,simulated)illnessnottogotoschool.Stimulate:toencourageorhelpanactivitytobeginordevelopfurtherSimulate:tomakeorproducesomethingthatisnotrealbuthastheappearanceorfeelingofbeingreal6.Sittingaloneinhisroom,he(wondered,brooded)overhisfailuretogetajobaft