HFSS10入门与提高

HFSS10入门与提高 HFSSelectronic designautomation softwareusers guideHigh Frequency Structure Simulator10AnsoftHigh Frequency Structure SimulatorANSOFTCORPORATION?225West StationSquare Dr.Suite200?Pittsburgh,PA15219-1119Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide1The informationcontained inthis documentis subjectto changewithout notice.Ansoft makesno warrantyof anykind withregard tothis material,including,but notlimited to,the impliedwarranties ofmerchantability and fitness for aparticular purpose.Ansoft shallnot beliable forerrors containedherein orforincidental orconsequential damagesin connectionwith thefurnishing,performance,or useof thismaterial.?xxAnsoft Corporation.All rightsreserved.Ansoft Corporation225West StationSquare DriveSuite200Pittsburgh,PA15219USAPhone:412-261-3200Fax:412-471-9427HFSS andOptimetrics areregistered trademarksor trademarksof AnsoftCorporation.All othertrademarks arethe propertyof theirrespective owners.New editionsof thismanual willincorporate allmaterial updatedsince thepreviousedition.The manualprinting date,which indicatesthe manuals currentedition,changes whena newedition isprinted.Minor correctionsand updateswhich are incorporatedat reprintdo notcause thedate to change.Update packagesmay beissued betweeneditions andcontain additionaland/orreplacement pagesto bemerged into the manualby the user.Note thatpageswhich arerearranged dueto changeson aprevious pageare notconsidered toberevised.Edition:REV1.0Date:21JunexxSoftware Version:10.0Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide2ContentsContentsThis documentdiscusses somebasic conceptsand terminologyused throughout the Ansoft HFSS application.It provides an overviewof the following topics:0.FundamentalsAnsoft HFSS DesktopOpening aDesignSetting ModelType1.Parametric ModelCreation1.1Boundary Conditions1.2Excitations2.Analysis Setup3.Data Reporting4.Solve Loop4.1Mesh Operations5.ExamplesAntenna6.ExamplesMicrowave7.ExamplesFilters8.ExamplesSignal Integrity9.ExamplesEMC/EMI10.ExamplesOn ChipComponentsAnsoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide3Ansoft HFSSFundamentalsWhat isHFSS?HFSS is a high-performance full-wave electromagic(EM)field simulatorfor arbitrary3D volumetricpassive devicemodeling thattakes advantage of thefamiliar MicrosoftWindows graphicaluser interface.It integratessimulation,visualization,solid modeling,and automationin aneasy-to-learn environmentwhere solutionsto your3D EMproblems arequickly andaurately obtained.Ansoft HFSSemploys theFinite ElementMethod(FEM),adaptive meshing,and brilliantgraphics togive youunparalleled performanceand insightto allof your3D EMproblems.Ansoft HFSScan be used tocalculate parameterssuch asS-Parameters,Resonant Frequency,and Fields.Typical usesinclude:Package ModelingBGA,QFP,Flip-ChipPCB BoardModelingPower/Ground planes,Mesh GridGrounds,BackplanesSilicon/GaAs-Spiral Inductors,TransformersEMC/EMIShield Enclosures,Coupling,Near-or Far-Field RadiationAntennas/Mobile CommunicationsPatches,Dipoles,Horns,Conformal CellPhone Antennas,Quadrafilar Helix,Specific AbsorptionRate(SAR),Infinite Arrays,Radar CrossSection(RCS),Frequency SelectiveSurfaces(FSS)ConnectorsCoax,SFP/XFP,Backplane,TransitionsWaveguideFilters,Resonators,Transitions,CouplersFiltersCavity Filters,Microstrip,DielectricHFSS is an interactivesimulation systemwhose basicmesh elementisatetrahedron.This allows you tosolve anyarbitrary3D geometry,especially thosewith plexcurves andshapes,in afraction of the timeit wouldtake usingother techniques.The nameHFSS standsfor High Frequency Structure Simulator.Ansoft pioneeredtheuseof theFinite ElementMethod(FEM)for EMsimulation bydeveloping/implementing technologiessuch astangential vectorfinite elements,adaptive meshing,and AdaptiveLanczos-Pade Sweep(ALPS).Today,HFSS continuesto leadthe industrywith innovationssuch asModes-to-Nodes andFull-Wave Spice?.Ansoft HFSShas evolvedover aperiod ofyears withinput frommany usersand industries.In industry,Ansoft HFSSis the tool ofchoice forhigh-productivity research,development,and virtualprototyping.Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide4Installing the Ansoft HFSSSoftwareSystem RequirementsMicrosoftWindows XP(32/64),Windows2000,or WindowsxxServer.For up-to-date information,refer to the HFSSRelease Notes.Pentiumbased puter128MB RAMminimum8MB VideoCard minimumMouseor otherpointing deviceCD-ROM driveInstallingthe Ansoft HFSS SoftwareForup-to-date information,refer tothe HFSSInstallation GuideStartingAnsoft HFSS1.Click the Microsoft tStart button,select Programs,and select the Ansoft,HFSS10program group.Click HFSS10.2.Or Doubleclick on the HFSS10icon on the WindowsDesktopNOTE:You shouldmake backupcopies of all HFSS projects createdwith aprevious versionof thesoftware beforeopening themin HFSSv10Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide5Converting OlderFilesConverting OlderHFSS fileto HFSSv10Because ofchanges tothe HFSSfiles with the developmentof HFSSv10,opening a HFSS documentfrom an earlier releasemay takemore timethan you are used to experiencing.However,once thefile has been openedand saved,subsequent openingtime willreturn tonormalAnsoft HFSSv10provides away for you to automatically convertyour HFSSprojects fromanearlier version tothe HFSSv10format.To aessHFSSprojectsin anearlierversion.From HFSSv10,1.Select the menu itemFileOpen2.Open dialog1.Files ofType:Ansoft LegacyEM Projects(.cls)2.Browse tothe existing project andselect the.cls file3.Click then OpenbuttonAnsoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide6Getting HelpGettingHelpIf youhave anyquestions whileyou areusing Ansoft HFSS you can findanswers inseveral ways:p Ansoft HFSS OnlineHelp providesassistance whileyou areworking.To gethelp abouta specific,active dialogbox,click thep Helpbutton in the dialogbox orpress the1F1key.Select the menu item HelpContents toaess theonline helpsystem.Tooltips are available to provide information about toolson the toolbars ordialog boxes.When youhold thepointer overa toolforabrief time,a tooltipappears todisplay the name of thetool.As youmove thepointer overa toolor clicka menu item,the Statusr Barat the bottom of the Ansoft HFSS windowprovidesabrief descriptionof thefunction of thetoolor menu item.The Ansoft HFSS GettingStarted guideprovides detailedinformation aboutusing HFSS to createand solve3D EMprojects.Ansoft Technical SupportTo contactAnsoft technicalsupport staffin yourgeographical area,please logon tothe Ansoftcorporate website,.ansoft. andselect Contact.Your Ansoftsales engineermay alsobe contactedin orderto obtainthis information.Visiting the Ansoft Web SiteIf yourputer isconnected tothe Inter,you canvisit the Ansoft Website tolearn moreabout the Ansoft panyand products.From theAnsoft DesktopSelect the menu itemHelpAnsoft CorporateWebsite toaess theOnline TechnicalSupport(OTS)system.From yourInter browserVisit.ansoft.Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide7Getting HelpForTechnical SupportThe following linkwill directyou totheAnsoftSupport Page.The AnsoftSupport Pagesprovide additionaldocumentation,training,and applicationnotes.WebSite:.ansoft./support.cfmTechnical Support:9-4EST:Pittsburgh,PA (412)261-3200x0Ask forTechnical SupportBurlington,MA (781)229-8900x0Ask forTechnicalSupport9-4PST:San Jose,CA (408)261-9095x0Ask forTechnical SupportPortland,OR (503)906-7944or (503)906-7947El Segundo,CA (310)426-2287Ask forTechnical SupportAnsoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide8WebUpdateWebUpdateThis newfeature allows you toupdate anyexisting Ansoftsoftware from the WebUpdatewindow.This featureautomatically scansyour systemto findany Ansoftsoftware,and thenallows you to downloadany updatesif theyare available.Ansoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide9Ansoft TermsAnsoft TermsThe Ansoft HFSS windowhas severaloptional panels:A rProject Managerwhich containsa designtree whichlists the structure of the project.A rMessage Managerthat allows youtoview anyerrors orwarnings thatour beforeyou begin a simulation.A Property Window thatdisplays andallowsyoutochangemodel parametersor attributes.A ProgressWindow thatdisplays solutionprogress.A3D ModelerWindow whichcontains themodel andmodel treefor the active design.For moreinformation aboutthe3D ModelerWindow,see chapter1.Menu barProgressWindowProperty WindowMessageManagerProjectManagerwith projecttreeStatusbar3D ModelerWindowToolbarsCoordinate Entry FieldsAnsoft High Frequency Structure Simulator v10Users Guide10Ansoft TermsProjectManager ProjectDesignDesignResultsDesign SetupDesignAutomation?Parametric?Optimization?Sensitivity?StatisticalProject ManagerWindowAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide11Ansoft TermsProperty Window Property WindowProperty tabsPropertybuttonsProperty tableAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide12Ansoft TermsAnsoft3D ModelerEdgeVertexPlaneCoordinate System(CS)OriginFaceModel3D ModelerWindowGraphicsareaModel3D Modelerdesign treeContextmenuAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide13AnsoftTerms3D ModelerDesign TreeGroupedby MaterialObjectViewMaterialObjectObject CommandHistoryAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide14Design WindowsDesignWindowsIn theAnsoft HFSS Desktop,each projectcan have multiple designsand eachdesign is displayed in a separatewindow.You canhave multipleprojects anddesign windowsopen at the same time.Also,you canhavemultipleviews of the samedesign visibleat thesametime.To arrangethe windows,you candrag them by thetitle bar,and resizethemby dragging acorner orborder.Also,you canselect oneof the following menuoptions:WindowCascade,WindowTile Vertically,or WindowTile Horizontally.To organizeyour Ansoft HFSS window,you caniconize opendesigns.Click theIconize*symbol in the upperright cornerof thedocument border.An iconappears in the lowerpart of theAnsoftHFSS window.If theicon isnot visible,it may be behind another opendocument.Resize anyopen documentsas necessary.Select the menu itemWindowArrange Iconsto arrangethem atthebottom of theAnsoftHFSSwindow.Select the menu itemWindowClose Allto closeall opendesign.You areprompted toe Saveunsaved designs.Design iconsIconizeSymbolAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide15ToolbarsToolbarsThe toolbarbuttons areshortcuts forfrequently usedmands.Most of the available toolbars aredisplayed inthis illustrationof theAnsoftHFSSinitial screen,but yourAnsoftHFSSwindow probablywill notbe arrangedthis way.You cancustomize yourtoolbar displayinaway that is convenientforyou.Some toolbarsare alwaysdisplayed;other toolbarsdisplay automaticallywhen youselect adocument of the relatedtype.For example,when youselect a2D reportfrom the project tree,the2D reporttoolbar displays.To displayor hideindividual toolbars:Right-click theAnsoftHFSSwindow frame.A listof allthe toolbarsis displayed.The toolbarswith acheck markbeside themare visible;the toolbarswithout acheck markare hidden.Click the toolbar nameto turnits displayon oroffTo makechanges tothe toolbars,select themenu itemToolsCustomize.See sCustomize andArrange Toolbarson the next page.ToolbarsAnsoft HFSSpanelsAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide16ToolbarsCustomize andArrange ToolbarsTocustomize toolbars:Select themenu itemToolsCustomize,or right-click theAnsoftHFSSwindow frameand clicke Customizeatthebottomof the toolbarlist.In theCustomize dialog,you cando thefollowing:View aDescription of thetoolbarmands1.Select anitem from the Componentpull-down list2.Select anitem from the Categorylist3.Using the mouse click on theButtons todisplay theDescription4.Click thee Closebutton whenyou arefinishedToggle the visibility oftoolbars1.From the Toolbar list,toggle thecheck boxesto controlthevisibility of thetoolbars2.Click thee Closebutton whenyouarefinishedAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide17OverviewAnsoft HFSS DesktopThe AnsoftHFSSDesktopprovides anintuitive,easy-to-use interfacefor developingpassive RFdevice models.Creating designs,involves thefollowing:1.n Parametric Model Generationcreating thegeometry,boundaries andexcitations2.Analysis Setupdefining solutionsetup andfrequency sweeps3.s Resultscreating2D reportsand fieldplots4.p SolveLoop-the solutionprocess isfully automatedTounderstand how these processesco-exist,examine theillustration shown below.DesignSolution Type1.1.Boundaries1.2.Excitations4.1Mesh Operations2.AnalysisSolution SetupFrequencySweep1.Parametric ModelGeometry/Materials3.Results2D ReportsFieldsMeshRefinementSolveUpdateConvergedAnalyzeFinished4.Solve LoopNOYESAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide18Opening aDesignOpening aHFSS projectThissection describes how toopen anew orexistingproject.Opening aNew projectTo open anew project:1.In anAnsoftHFSSwindow,select themenu itemFileNew.2.Select themenu ProjectInsert HFSSDesign.Opening anExisting HFSSprojectTo openan existingproject:1.In anAnsoftHFSSwindow,select themenu FileOpen.Use theOpen dialog to select the project.2.Click nOpen toopen theprojectOpening anExisting Projectfrom ExplorerYou can opena projectdirectly from theMicrosoftWindows Explorer.Toopena projectfrom Windows Explorer,do oneof thefollowing:Double-clickonthename of theproject in WindowsExplorer.Right-click thenameoftheprojectinWindowsExplorer andselect nOpen from the shortcutmenu.Ansoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide19Set Solution TypeSet Solution TypeThis sectiondescribeshowto set the SolutionType.The SolutionType definesthe typeof results,howtheexcitations aredefined,and theconvergence.The followingSolution Typesare available:1.l Driven Modal-calculates themodal-based S-parameters.The S-matrix solutionswill beexpressed interms ofthe incidentand reflectedpowers ofwaveguide modes.2.l Driven Terminal-calculates theterminal-based S-parameters ofmulti-conductor transmissionline ports.The S-matrix solutionswill beexpressed interms ofterminal voltagesand currents.3.e Eignemodecalculate theeigenmodes,or resonances,ofastructure.The Eigenmodesolver findsthe resonantfrequencies ofthestructureand thefields atthose resonantfrequencies.Convergencel DrivenModalDelta Sfor modalS-Parameters.This wasthe onlyconvergence methodavailable forDriven Solutionsin previousversions.Driven TerminalDelta Sfor thesingle-ended ordifferential nodalS-Parameters.e Eigenmode-Delta FTo set thesolution type:1.Select themenu item HFSSSolutionType2.SolutionTypeWindow:1.Choose oneofthefollowing:1.DrivenModal2.DrivenTerminal3.Eigenmode2.Click the OK button?Ansoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide1Parametric ModelCreation1-1Parametric ModelCreationThe AnsoftHFSS3D Modeleris designedfor easeof useand flexibility.The powerofthe3D Modeleris inits uniqueability to create fullyparametric designswithout editingplex macros/model history.The purposeof thischapter is toprovidean overviewofthe3D Modelingcapabilities.By understandingthe basioncepts outlinedhere you will be abletoquickly takeadvantageofthe fullfeature setoffered bythe3D Parametric Modeler.Overview ofthe3D ModelerUser InterfaceThefollowing pictureshows the3D Modelerwindow.e3D ModelerDesign TreeThe3D ModelerDesign Treeisanessential partoftheuser interface.From hereyou mayaess the structural elementsin additionto anyobject dependenciesand attributes.s ContextMenusContext menusareaflexible wayof aessingfrequently usedmenu mandsfor thecurrent context.The contentsof thesemenus changedynamically andare availablethroughouttheinterface byclicking theright mouse button.a GraphicsAreaThe graphics area isused tointeract with thestructuralelements.GraphicsareaModel3D Modelerdesign treeContextmenuAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide1Parametric ModelCreation1-2Overview ofthe3D ModelerUser Interface(Continued)When using the3D Modelerinterface you will alsointeract withtwo additionalinterfaces:Property WindowThe PropertyWindow isusedtoview ormodify the attributes anddimensions of structural objectsyStatus Bar/Coordinate EntryThe StatusBar ontheAnsoftHFSSDesktop Window displaysthe Coordinate Entry fieldsthat can be usedto definepoints oroffsets duringthe creation of structuralobjectsProperty tabsPropertybuttonsProperty tableAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide1Parametric ModelCreation1-3Grid PlaneTosimplify the creationofstructural primitives,a gridor drawingplane isused.The drawingplane does not inany waylimit theuser totwo dimensionalcoordinates butinstead isused asa guideto simplifythecreationofstructural primitives.The drawingplane isrepresented bythe activegrid plane(The griddoesnothave tobe visible).To demonstratehow drawingplanes areused,review thefollowing section:Creating andViewing SimpleStructures.Active CursorTheactive cursorrefers tothe cursorthat isavailable duringobject creation.The cursorallowsyouto graphicallychange thecurrent position.The positionisdisplayedonthe status bar oftheAnsoftHFSSDesktopWindow.When objects are notbeing constructed,the cursorremains passiveand is set fordynamic selection.See theOverview ofSelecting Objectsfor more details.Ansoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide1Parametric ModelCreation1-4Creating andViewing aSimple StructureCreating3D structuralobjects isaomplished byperforming thefollowing steps:1.Set the grid plane2.Create the base shapeofthe object3.Set theHeightCreate aBoxWe willinvestigate creatinga boxto demonstratethese steps.These stepsassume thatproject andaHFSSdesign havealready beencreated.Three pointsare requiredto create the box.The firsttwo formthe base rectangle andthe thirdsets theheight.Point1:Defines thestart pointofthebase rectanglePoint2:Defines thesize ofthebaserectanglePoint3:Defines theheight ofthe BoxPoint2Point3Point1Grid PlaneBaseRectangleAnsoft HighFrequency StructureSimulator v10Users Guide1Parametric ModelCreation1-5Create aBox(Continued)1.Select themenu item3D ModelerGrid PlaneXY2.Use the mouse tocrea