(外研社)高等学校研究生英语综合教程下第6单元课后答案及解析

高等院校研究生英语系列教材,综合教程（下）INTEGRATEDCOURSE,Unit6,Transition,Content,StartingoutReadingFocusReadingMorePracticalTranslationFocusedWritingFinalProject,Task1GroupDiscussionTheterm“migrantworker”hasdifferentofficialmeaningsandconnotationsindifferentpartsoftheworld.TheUnitedNationsdefinitionisbroad,essentiallyincludinganyoneworkingoutsidetheirhomecountry.Itcanalsoincludethosewhomigratewithinacountry,usuallytheirown,inordertopursueworksuchasseasonaljobs.InChina,therearegreatnumbersofsuchinternalmigrantworkersinthebigcities.Discussthepossiblereasonswhytheyleavetheirhometownsandseekjobsinthecities,andthepossibleconsequencesofthisphenomenon.,Startingout,Task2GroupDiscussionTheUnitedStatesisanationonthemove.Peopleseldomlivetheirentirelifeinoneplaceorremainwheretheywereborn.Tellyourgroupmemberswhatthedrivingforcesarebehindthis.,StartingoutTask2,ListentopartofPresidentObamasinauguralspeechandfillintheblanks.Thatweareinthemidstofcrisisisnowwellunderstood.Ournationisatwar,againstafar-reachingnetworkof_andhatred.Oureconomyisbadlyweakened,aconsequenceofgreedand_onthepartofsome,butalsoourcollective_tomakehardchoicesand_thenationforanewage.Homeshavebeenlost;jobsshed;businessesshuttered.Ourhealthcareistoocostly;ourschoolsfailtoomany;andeachdaybringsfurther_thatthewaysweuseenergystrengthenouradversariesandthreatenourplanet.,Startingout,irresponsibility,violence,prepare,failure,evidence,Thesearetheindicatorsofcrisis,_subjecttodataandstatistics.Lessmeasurablebutnolessprofoundisasappingof_acrossourland-anaggingfearthatAmericasdeclineis_,andthatthenextgenerationmustloweritssights.TodayIsaytoyouthatthechallengeswefacearereal.Theyare_andtheyaremany.Theywillnotbemeteasilyorinashort_oftime.Butknowthis,America:Theywillbemet.,Startingout,subject,confidence,inevitable,serious,span,InauguralAddress,ReadingFocus,ReadingFocus,BackgroundInformation,JohnF.Kennedy35thPresidentoftheUSInoffice:January20,1961November22,1963animmenselypopularleaderwhowasassassinatedbeforehecompletedhisthirdyearinofficeagreatspeaker,ListentothebeginningpartofPresidentKennedysspeechatRiceUniversitySept.12,1962.,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,(Para.1),(Paras.2-24),(Paras.25-27),Introduction,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,Body,A.Theworldisverydifferentnow.Manholdsinhismortalhandsthepowerto_.Butwedarenotforgettodaythat_.Weshallpayanyprice,bearanyburden,meetanyhardship,supportanyfriend,andopposeanyfoe,inorderto_.,abolishallforms,ofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife,wearetheheirsofthat,firstrevolution,assurethesurvivalandthesuccessofliberty,Body,B.Ourpledge:Tothoseoldallieswhoseculturalandspiritualoriginsweshare,_Tothosenewstateswhomwewelcometotheranksofthefree,_.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesacrosstheglobestrugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery,_.,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,wepledgetheloyaltyoffaithfulfriends,wepledgeourwordthatoneformofcolonialcontrolshallnothavepassedawaymerelytobereplacedbyafarmoreirontyranny,wepledge,ourbesteffortstohelpthemhelpthemselves,Body,Tooursisterrepublicssouthofourborder,weofferaspecialpledgeto_.Tothatworldassemblyofsovereignstates,theUnitedNations,werenewourpledgeofsupportto_.Toouradversary,weofferarequest:_,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,assistfreemenandfreegovernmentsincasting,offthechainsofpoverty,strengthenitsshield,ofthenewandtheweakandtoenlargetheareainwhichitswritmayrun,thatbothsidesbegin,anewthequestforpeace,Body,C.Whatshouldwedo?Letusbeginanewandnevernegotiateoutoffear.But_.Letbothsidesexplorewhatproblemsuniteusinsteadof_.Letbothsidesformulateseriousandpreciseproposalsfortheinspectionandcontrolofarmsandbringtheabsolutepowertodestroyothernationsundertheabsolutecontrolofallnations.Letbothsides_.Letbothsidesuniteto_.Letbothsidesjoinincreating_.,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,letusneverfeartonegotiate,belaboringthoseproblemswhichdivideus,seektoinvokethewondersofscience,insteadofitsterrors,heedinallcornersoftheearththe,commandofIsaiah,anewendeavor,notanew,balanceofpower,butanewworldofLaw,Body,D.Letsdoit.Inyourhands,myfellowcitizens,_.Letsjoininthathistoricefforttoforgeagainsttheseenemiesagrandandglobalalliancethat_.Inthelonghistoryoftheworld,onlyafewgenerations_.,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,willrestthefinalsuccess,orfailureofourcourse,canassureamore,fruitfullifeforallmankind,havebeengrantedtheroleofdefendingfreedominitshourofmaximumdanger,ClosingRemarks,ChallengetoAmericans:_.Challengetocitizensoftheworld:_.,ReadingFocusGlobalUnderstanding,Asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyouaskwhatyoucandoforyourcountry,AsknotwhatAmericawilldoforyou,butwhattogetherwecandoforthefreedomofman,Task2,Workingroupstodecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalseaccordingtothepassage.(P168),Key:2345678,F,F,T,T,F,T,T,F,ReadingFocusDetailedInformation,CriticalThinking,ReadingFocus,Q1:Worktogetherwithyourpartnertoanswerthefollowingquestionsbasedonthetextyouvejustread.,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,1.InParagraph2,PresidentKennedysaid,“Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.”Doyouagreewiththestatement?Whyorwhynot?2.Commentontherhetoricalstrategiesofthespeech.HowdoesPresidentKennedyengagehisaudience,conveyhismessage,andensurethathiswordswilllongberemembered?,Q2Discussingroupsthefollowingquestions.,ReadingFocusCriticalThinking,1.PresidentKennedysaidinhisinauguraladdress,“Inyourhands,myfellowcitizens,morethaninmine,willrestthefinalsuccessorfailureofourcourse.”Inwhosehandsdoyouthinkthefinalsuccessorfailureanationscourserests,theleadersofacountryoritspeople?Why?2.Alsoinhisinauguraladdress,PresidentKennedysaid,“.asknotwhatyourcountrycandoforyouaskwhatyoucandoforyourcountry.”HaveyouaskedyourselfwhatyoucandoforChina?3.InParagraph24,PresidentKennedysaid,“Idonotbelievethatanyofuswouldexchangeplaceswithanyotherpeopleoranyothergeneration.”Wouldyouwanttochangeplaceswithanyotherpeopleorliveinanothergeneration?Explainyouranswer.,1.weobservetodaynotavictoryofparty,butacelebrationoffreedomsymbolizinganend,aswellasabeginningsignifyingrenewal,aswellaschange.(Para.1)signify:torepresent,mean,orbeasignofsomethinge.g.Sometribesusespecialfacialmarkingstosignifystatus.Thesymboldisplayedoutsidearestaurantsignifiestheresexcellentcuisineinside.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,2.Theworldisverydifferentnow.Formanholdsinhismortalhandsthepowertoabolishallformsofhumanpovertyandallformsofhumanlife.(Para.2)abolish:toofficiallyendalaw,systemetc,especiallyonethathasexistedforalongtimee.g.SlaverywasabolishedintheUSinthe19thcentury.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,辨析：abolish,cancel,nullifyThebankagreedto_allthecompanysdebts.ThefollowingyearParliamentvotedto_thedeathpenaltyformurder.Itisworthrememberingthatpreviouswillsare_automaticallyuponmarriage.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,cancel,abolish,nullified,3.Letthewordgoforthfromthistimeandplace,tofriendandfoealike(Para.3)alike:usedtoemphasizethatyoumeanboththepeople,groups,orthingsthatyouhavejustmentionede.g.1)Ilearnedalotfromteachersandstudentsalike.2)Itsashowthatappealstoyoungandoldalike.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,4.Thismuchwepledgeandmore.(Para.5)pledge:tomakeaformal,usuallypublicpromisethatyouwilldosomethinge.g.1)Thenewgovernorpledgedtoreducecrime.2)ThePresidenthaspledgedthatputtingtheeconomyrightwillbehistoppriority.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,pledge,promise,guarantee,commitId_myselfandtherewasnoturningback.TheFrenchPresident_$150millioninFrenchaidnextyear.We_torefundyourmoneyifyouarenotdelightedwithyourpurchase.You_me(that)youdbehomeearlytonight.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,committed,ispledging,guarantee,promised,5.Tothosepeoplesinthehutsandvillagesacrosstheglobestrugglingtobreakthebondsofmassmisery,(Para.8)bond:n.somethingthatunitestwoormorepeopleorgroups,suchaslove,orasharedinterestorideae.g.Thesewomenallleadverydifferentlives,buttheyshareacommonbond.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,bond:v.1.iftwothingsbondwitheachother,theybecomefirmlyfixedtogether,especiallyaftertheyhavebeenjoinedwithgluee.g.Ittakeslessthan10minutesforthetwosurfacestobond.2.todevelopaspecialrelationshipwithsomeonebondwithe.g.Timemustbegivenforthemothertobondwithherbaby.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,6.Togetherletusexplorethestars,conquerthedeserts,eradicatedisease,taptheoceandepths,andencouragetheartsandcommerce.(Para.8)eradicate:tocompletelygetridofsomethingsuchasadiseaseorasocialprobleme.g.1)Wecaneradicatethisdiseasefromtheworld.2)Theyarealreadybattlingtoeradicateillnessessuchasmalariaandtetanus.,ReadingFocusLanguagePoint,Key1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-,Task1Choosetheanswerthatisclosestinmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentence.(P170),C,A,C,A,D,C,B,D,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,A,C,B,A,Task2,1._(水不是有效的遮挡物)againstthesunsmoreharmfulrays.2.Withinminutes,thecarwas_(被火焰吞没).3.Wemustrespect_(主权国家的权利)toconducttheirownaffairs.4.Thecompanyhascompletely_(在市场上胜过他的竞争者).,CompletethefollowingsentencesbytranslatingtheChineseinbracketsintoEnglish.Trytousetheexpressionsyouhavelearnedfromthetext.(P171),Waterisnotaneffectiveshield,engulfedinflames,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,therightsofsovereignnations,outpaceditsrivalsinthemarket,5._(没有必要唠叨这点)youdontneedtokeepremindingme.6._(她恳求几位有名的学者)tobackupherargument.7.Helicopterscarried300womenandchildren_(从两个被围困的村庄).8._(根据证人证词所示),youwerepresentwhenthecrimewascommitted.9._(虽然我们尽了最大努力),ithasprovenimpossibletocontacther.10._(经过了许多考验和磨难之后),wefinallyreachedourdestination.,Theresnoneedtobelaborthepoint,Sheinvokedseveraleminentscholars,fromtwoembattledvillages,Accordingtothewitnessstestimony,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,Inspiteofourbestendeavors,Aftermanytrialsandtribulations,Task3,ThefollowingisanexcerptfromPresidentObamasinauguraladdress.Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordfromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.(P171),1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-,remain,childish,reaffirm,precious,equal,measure,greatness,journey,leisure,fame,ReadingFocusVocabularyinAction,obscure,prosperity,AnUrgeforGoing,ReadingMore,ReadingMore,GlobalUnderstanding,DetailedInformation,CriticalThinking,LanguagePoints,VocabularyinAction,1,2,3,4,5,Reasonsformoving,HowmanytimesImoved,Memoriesofhome,Conclusion,ReadingMoreGlobalUnderstanding,Completethefollowingextractwithinformationfromthetext.(P178)1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-10-11-12-13-14-15-,ReadingMoreDetailedUnderstanding,sacrifice,traveling,possession,superficial,where,snapshots,enduring,profuse,sense,native,customary,affection,replenishing,trapped,stayer,CriticalThinking,ReadingMore,StepOneDiscusswithyourpartnerwhattheauthormeansbythefollowingstatements.,ReadingMoreCriticalThinking,1.Longingthatovertakesmelikeafastcaronthefreewayandmakesmewillingtowithstandafeelingofpersonaltemporariness.2.Otherpeoplespermanencesarecertainlyinourfacesallthetime;theirlengthylengths-of-stayatoneaddress,theirmany-layeredsensesofplace,theirstoreoflorish,insiderblab.Theircommitment.,StepTwoDiscussingroupsthefollowingquestions.1.Theauthormentionedthathehadsacrificedalotfinanciallyfrombeingconstantlyonthemove.Doyouthinkthereisanywayhemightbenefitfinanciallyfrommovingaround?How?Ifnot,couldhebenefitfrommovinginotherways?2.ComparedtotheconsideredthreeworsethingsthatcanhappentopeopleintheUnitedStates,namelydeathofaspouse,lossofahousebyfireandmoving,whatwouldbeconsideredasthethreeworstthingsbyChinesepeople?,ReadingMoreCriticalThinking,1.Ivereadsomeplacethatinourdescendingorderofmightyandimportanthumananxieties,Americanssufferthedeathofaspouse,thelossofahousebyfire,andmovingtobetheworstthreethingsthatcanhappentous.(Para.1)翻译：我曾经在某处读到过，如果把人类的焦虑按重大和影响力递减的顺序来排列的话，丧失配偶，房屋失火和搬家是发生在美国人生活中最糟糕的三件事。,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,2.andIbroodoverthesignonmylawnbitterlydemanding“makeanoffer.”(Para.2)brood:tokeepthinkingaboutsomethingthatyouareworriedorupsetaboute.g.1)Dontsitathomebroodingallday.2)Yourenotstillbroodingoverwhathesaid,areyou?,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,3.Maybe,onadecidedlyreducedscale,itswhatarockstarfeels,orachewing-gumheiress,celebswhokeephousesallovertheglobe,visitthemoften,(Para.7)翻译：也许，经过显然的微缩后，这是一个摇滚歌星的感觉，也许，经过显然的微缩后，这是一个摇滚歌星的感觉，或是一个嚼着口香糖的巨额财富女继承人或名人们，他们在世界各地都拥有房子，经常逗留，,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,4.And,indeed,Imsuspiciousofexplanationsthatarguethatanyofusdoesanythingbecauseofasinglereason,ortwo,orthree.(Para.9)翻译：事实上，有一种解释认为任何一个人做任何一件事都会有一个理由，或者两三个，我对此深表怀疑。,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,5.Mymostenduringmemoriesofchildhoodarementalsnapshotsnotofmyhometownstreetsoritssummarylawnsbutofroadsleadingoutoftown.(Para.11)enduring:continuingforaverylongtimee.g.Hedidsucceedincastinganenduringliteraryspell.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,6.OncemywifeandIwerestrandedwithcartroubleinthetownofKearney,Nebraska,onablurry,hotmidsummerdaylateinthe1970s.(Para.14)strand:toleavesbinaplacefromwhichtheyhavenowayofleavinge.g.1)Theclimbershadbeenstrandedbyastorm.2)Thestrikelefthundredsoftouristsstrandedattheairport.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,7.Today,whenpeopleaskme,peoplewhobankedtheirfiresandtheirequity,(Para.20)bankfire:tocoverafirewithwoodorcoaltokeepitgoingforalongtimee.g.Josiebankedupthefiretolasttillmorning.,ReadingMoreLanguagePoint,Task1,1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8-9-,Choosethesentenceinwhichtheunderlinedwordhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedwordinthesentencequotedfromthetext.,B,A,C,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,A,A,C,C,B,A,Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformifnecessary.(P181),ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,skimoffholddownhushupengraveovertakewithstandabandonsacrificesuspiciousenduringprospectreproachreplenishsuperficialexotic,1.Constantinjuryproblemshadmadeittoughforhimto_aregularfirstteamplace.2.Itsvery_thatshewasinthehousewhenthecrimehappened.3.The_ofbecomingafatherfilledhimwithalarm.,holddown,suspicious,prospect,Task2,4.Wouldyou_afootballgametogooutwithagirl?5.Thedateoftheaccidentremains_inmymind.6.Whatisthereasonforthegames_appeal?7.Whenyoufirstmeether,shegivesa(n)_impressionofwarmthandfriendliness.8.Computerizationhasenabledtheautomatic_ofstock.9.Shetravelstoallkindsof_locationsallovertheworld.,sacrifice,engraved,enduring,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,superficial,replenishment,exotic,10.Privatecompaniesshouldnotbeallowedto_profitablesectorsofthepostalservice.11.Thestudyshowedadeepfearamongtheelderlyofbeing_tothecareofstrangers.12.Ouroriginalplan_byeventsandwehadtomakeanewone.13.Thewholeaffairwas_bythegovernment.14.Theirmarriagecouldnot_fouryearsseparationduringthewar.15.Shewas_bycolleaguesforleakingthestorytothepress.,skimoff,abandoned,wasovertaken,hushedup,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,withstand,reproached,Task3,1.longA.Sizeofpensiondependspartlyon_ofservicewiththecompany.B.Aftera_periodofnegotiation,anagreementwasfinallyreached.C.Springfieldisa_wayfromChicago.,Fillineachoftheblankswithanappropriateformofthewordgivenandexplainitsmeaning.(p181),length,lengthy,long,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,2.bitterA.Blackcoffeeleavesa_tasteinthemouth.B.Hewas_disappointednottogetthejob.C.Theriftwithintheorganizationreflectsthegrowing_ofthedispute.3.temporaryA.Hewas_imprisonedforhissupportoftherebels.B.Theceasefirewillonlyprovidea_solutiontothecrisis.,bitter,bitterly,bitterness,temporarily,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,temporary,4.descendA.Weturnedthecornerandsawthattheroad_steeply.B.Thehotelsarelistedin_orderofprice.C.Theplanebeganitsfinal_totheairport.5.customA.Shegavethespeechofthankstothe_chairman.B.Itsthe_forthebridesfathertopayforthewedding.C.Thecompanyspecializesin_computersystems.,descended,descending,descent,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,customary,custom,customized,6.profuseA.The_ofhisthankswasembarrassing.B._sweatingisoneofthesymptomsofheatexhaustion.C.Iwasremarkingontherecent_ofbooksandarticlesonthematter.7.stirA.Itwasa_placetovisitbutperhapsonewouldntwanttolivethere.B.Oldmemories_asshelookedatthephotographs.C.Plansforthemotorwaycausedquitea_amonglocals.,profuseness,Profuse,profusion,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,stirring,stirred,stir,8.recollectA.She_sadlythatsheandBenusedtolaughalot.B.Ihavemanypleasant_ofthetimewespenttogether.9.establishA.Theschoolhas_asuccessfulrelationshipwiththelocalcommunity.B.Thereare_proceduresfordealingwithemergencies.C.Hisideasinfluencedthe_ofNationalPortraitGalleriesinLondonandEdinburgh.,recollected,recollections,established,ReadingMoreVocabularyinAction,e