2019_2020学年高中英语Unit13People单元质量检测（一）（含解析）北师大版必修5.docx

单元质量检测（一）时间：100分钟满分：120分.阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项。AAbout UsThe London Cycling Club is a volunteerbased nonprofit organization for recreational (娱乐的) bicycling.Weve been in operation since 1971.We value the healthy lifestyle and social aspects of cycling.The London Cycling Club offers a schedule of Sunday cycling tours from April through October.We also offer various social events throughout the year, including a spring kickoff brunch, a summer barbecue, an Annual General Meeting and Banquet and a winter outing.For Sunday cycling events there are three tour groups: short, medium and long.The length and speed of each ride varies with the tour group.Short: 20 to 25 kph; Medium: 25 to 30 kph; Long: 30 kph.Please talk to a club manager if youre unsure of your abilities during your first season.Tours typically last from 2 to 5 hours.Participants are asked to meet 15 minutes before leaving the Saturn Playground parking lot in Greenway Park.Well try to have a short group leader available for rides in the early part of the season, usually April and May.For the benefit of all riders, please make sure that your bicycle is in good working order.And please bring water bottles, a snack, a spare inner tube and an air pump.Cycling skills do vary within the club, but its suggested that a rider should be at least 20 and able to keep an average pace of 20 kph for up to a 50 km ride.In the interest of safety, tours wont be held on snowy, rainy or foggy days.Membership2018 online registration available NOW! For 2018 Membership signup please visit: https：//#！/events/2018londoncyclingclubmembershipMembership FeesIndividual Membership $35 each year (The insurance is an additional $42)语篇解读：本文是应用文。文章主要介绍了伦敦骑行俱乐部的相关事宜。1What do we know about the London Cycling Club?AIt aims to train cycling players.BIt offers cycling tours every day.CIt promotes healthy life brought by cycling.DIt has a history of no less than half a century.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段的“We value the healthy lifestyle and social aspects of cycling”可知，伦敦骑行俱乐部重视的是骑行带来的健康生活方式以及社交方面，故正确答案为C。2What do people taking part in Sunday cycling events have to do?ARide at a speed of 30 kph.BElect a group leader for each ride.CGather together 15 minutes earlier.DAsk managers to assess their abilities.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第二段的“Participants are asked to meet 15 minutes before leaving the Saturn Playground parking lot in Greenway Park”可知，出发前15分钟集合。3Which is the right or duty of the members of the club?AThey should have a good command of cycling skills.BThey can enjoy free food and drink during the cycling.CThey should pay a yearly membership fee of 42 dollars.DThey can join in different social events offered by the club.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段的“We also offer various social events throughout the year, including a spring kickoff brunch, a summer barbecue, an Annual General Meeting and Banquet and a winter outing”可知，伦敦骑行俱乐部会举行一些社交活动，会员可以参加。故正确答案为D。BIn spring 2016, Liza Goldberg asked scientists at NASAs Goddard Space Flight Center if she could do research there.There was a problem, though.She was just 14 years old, and NASAs internship (实习) program only accepts students starting at age 16.David Lagomasino and Temilola Fatoyinbo are NASA satellite experts.They saw Lizas request.In it, she talked about how she had studied trees in her own backyard to learn about climate change.The two NASA scientists were impressed.“This girl sounds great，” Lagomasino remembers saying.“Lets bring her in.” They made a special role for her outside the internship program.Lagomasino and Fatoyinbo thought Liza could help them use satellite data to map mangroves, a small tree that grows in muddy forests on the coastlines of many tropical (热带的) countries. Mangroves are very important as they store huge amounts of carbon, which makes them helpful for fighting global warming.They are also home to fish that millions of people depend on for food.Less than two years later, Liza has developed what might be the worlds first satellitebased system to determine where mangroves are in trouble. The work uses data from four satellites.It covers mangrove growth and loss, rainfall, agriculture and city growth. Lagomasino and Fatoyinbo brought Liza in during the summer before she started high school. The teen had seen mangroves only once before, during a trip to Fort Myers, Florida.Soon, she would see many more, at least on her computer screen.Liza learned that half of the worlds mangroves had disappeared.She was shocked and motivated to do something.“I wanted to create some kind of solution，” she said.She would even work during school breaks or at home on her projects.Lizas hard work is starting to pay off. Already, environmental groups are eager to use her system to make their work more effective.Now that she has turned 16, Liza has finally joined NASAs official internship program. 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。14岁的Liza进入NASA开始进行科学研究，其成果对保护生态植物红树林很有帮助。4Why was Liza outside the internship program at first?AShe didnt meet the required age. BShe didnt show her talent properly. CShe knew little about global warming. DShe lacked the experience of datacollecting.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“She was just 14 years old, and NASAs internship (实习) program only accepts students starting at age 16”可知，Liza没有达到年龄要求，所以没有进入实习项目。5Why are mangroves so important?AThey are food for fish.BThey are commercial crops. CThey forecast climate change. DThey keep a balanced ecosystem.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Mangroves are very important .people depend on for food”可知，红树林在维持生态平衡方面起到很大作用。6What does the underlined word “It” in Paragraph 4 refer to?AThe satellite.BThe data. CThe system. DThe work.解析：选B代词指代题。根据画线词上一句“The work uses data from four satellites”及画线词所在句“It covers mangrove growth and loss, rainfall, agriculture and city growth”可知，It此处指“收集到的数据”。7Which of the following can describe Lizas work in NASA? AIt is fruitful. BIt earned her fame. CIt took up her school time.DIt will lead to a future job with NASA.解析：选A推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的“Already, environmental groups are eager to use her system to make their work more effective”可知，Liza所设计的系统有望使环保机构的工作变得更高效。由此可知，Liza在NASA的工作是卓有成效的。CCongratulations! Your child is in. For many years, college has been a sellers market. Everything your child has done in the application process is to convince selective colleges to admit her/him. But now, it is a buyers market as colleges struggle with each other to get your child to enroll (使入学). As the joy of earning admission gives way to the anxiety of figuring out how to pay for college, you can consider the following to reduce the cost of your childs college education.Colleges will send financial aid packages either with their admission offers or in the following days. Colleges classify loans (贷款) as “financial aid”. However, these loans are not exactly “financial aid”， as they will leave your family with debts of much more money. Your goal is to reduce the cost of your childs college education by changing these loans into scholarships or grants (补助金) that do not need to be repaid.The size of a scholarship your child has received is not set_in_stone. Colleges can match scholarships from colleges that are similar with respect to ranking and admission requirements to attract your child to entrance. Your child should adopt a hard bargaining position, schedule a call with her/his appointed admissions officer, and tell the admissions officer that she/he requires a larger scholarship that matches other scholarships she/he has received to enroll at that college. As an admitted student, your child has the right to negotiate.With the college education costing as much as D|S120,000 for a public university and over D|S280,000 for a private university, youre absolutely in need of help. If your childs financial aid package does not reflect your familys ability to pay for that college, call your childs financial aid officer, explain your familys financial situation, and ask for a reevaluation of grant award it has offered. The financial aid officer may require additional documentation for a reevaluation, but filling out these aid applications may result in additional grants.语篇解读：本文是说明文。怎样让大学生申请到最大额度的经济资助？这是所有家长和大学生都需要考虑的问题。8Why does the author say that it is a buyers market now？A.The government can help students pay for college.BThe students can get all kinds of loans in college.CThe colleges compete to enroll more students.DThe admission fees are low now.解析：选C细节理解题。根据第一段可知，过去上大学是卖方市场，现在成了买方市场，学生成了主动方，所以大学通过提供多种形式的经济资助来吸引学生入学。9Why are loans not really “financial aid” according to Paragraph 2?AThey have to be paid back later.BThey arent provided by colleges.CThey need additional applications.DThey are accessible to few students.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段“as they will leave your family with debts of much more money”以及“Your goal is . that do not need to be repaid”可知，贷款终究需要归还，它会让你的家庭陷入债务之中，所以并不能真正称之为经济资助。10What does the underlined phrase “set in stone” probably mean in Paragraph 3?ADifficult. BTemporary.CInaccessible. DUnchangeable.解析：选D词义猜测题。根据画线处后面内容可知，奖学金的数额不是固定不变的，学生有权利和招生负责人进行谈判，来争取更大数额的奖学金。11What does the last paragraph mainly talk about?AAsking for needbased grants.BDetermining what a real aid is.CNegotiating with the appointed admissions officer.DChoosing a college according to the financial situation.解析：选A段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，上大学费用如此高昂，如果提供的经济资助不符合你家实际经济状况，你可以申请金融援助官重新评估补助金，以便获得额外补助。DWhile attending a meeting, I returned to my hotel room late one evening. The overhead light outside my door was burned out and I had difficulty finding the keyhole. When I managed to open the door, I felt around the wall for a light switch. I found a plate where a switch was once installed (安装), but there was no switch. Not discouraged easily, I remembered spotting a lamp by the bed when I deposited my luggage earlier in the day. I found the bed in the dark and felt around until I found the lamp, but when I switched it on, nothing happened! Now what?Though I knew that it was dark outside my window since the outdoor light was broken, I thought that perhaps if I opened the curtains, I might be able to use the light from the street to find another lamp. So I made my way slowly across the room to the curtains and . no drawstring! (Have you ever had days like that？)I still stumbled (跌跌撞撞地走) until I found a desk lamp that actually worked! That evening I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary light is.But even more necessary than physical light is the light that shines from people. That light the light of love illumines the dark side of the spirit, warms the heart and makes a difference for someone who today just may be stumbling in discouragement or sadness or fear and in need of some light.Whatever light you offer may be a beacon (灯塔) of hope and encouragement in someones darkness. And if you feel that your light is no more than a candle in a forest, remember that there isnt enough darkness in all the world to put out the light of one small candle.语篇解读：本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过自己在宾馆的经历告诉我们，光明对我们是如此重要，而世界上还有很多处于黑暗和孤独的人，他们需要我们用温暖明亮的心灵之光去照亮他们的人生。12Which word can best describe the author?ACalm. BCurious.CCasual. DCrazy.解析：选A推理判断题。分析前三段可知，作者在黑暗的房间中一直找不到灯，但他并没有灰心，而是继续摸索着寻找，并最终找到了灯，照亮了房间；由此可推知，他当时十分冷静。13Why does the author mention his experience in his hotel room?ATo describe a different life without light.BTo explain the great importance of light.CTo show his attitude towards challenges.DTo blame the hotel for poor management.解析：选B细节理解题。由第三段的“I discovered in a whole new way just how dark the world can be and how necessary light is”可知，作者由在黑暗房间里寻找灯的经历体会到：世界有时会很黑暗，而光是非常必要的。14What does the underlined word “illumines” in Paragraph 4 mean?AReflects. BAbsorbs.CCovers up. DLights up.解析：选D词义猜测题。由画线词的上下文可知，有些人处于黑暗中，需要我们用爱的光芒去“照亮”他们的人生。15What does the author suggest doing?ABeing sincere in your beliefs.BAppreciating others help.CLetting your light shine.DMaking use of lamps.解析：选C推理判断题。综合全文可知，作者的目的是号召我们用自己的心灵之光去照亮那些处于黑暗、孤独的人，故选C。.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Communication skills：What is active listening?Active listening is a special way of communicating. Its goal is to make it easier for people to clearly express ideas and feelings. It can lead to a better understanding between a speaker and a listener.Active listening can be guided by a third person, such as a therapist (治疗专家)_16_ Active listening works best when the speaker and the listener sit facing each other. The two people take turns talking. The goal is for the listener to give full attention to the speaker. You should avoid thinking about what to say next or whether what the speaker is saying is right._17_ Try as much as possible to see things from the speakers point of view.Once the speaker finishes talking, you should repeat back the main points of what he or she just said._18_ It gives him or her a chance to clear up any misunderstandings. The speaker can explain his or her ideas until he or she feels fully understood. _19_ From there, the two people switch back and forth (来回地) until they have both fully heard and understood each other.Active listening is very useful for people who live or work together. Family members and coworkers often have bad listening habits. They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said._20_AYou do not have to agree on everything.BOr, it can be done by two people on their own.CThe speaker and the listener then switch roles.DInstead, focus on understanding what is being said.EActive listening gives them a way to break this pattern.FAn active listener first listens carefully, without talking.GDoing that lets the speaker know how well you understood what was said.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了沟通技巧之积极倾听。16解析：选BB项中的“done by two people on their own”与本空前的“guided by a third person”构成对比关系。17解析：选D根据本空前一句“You should avoid thinking about what to say next or whether what the speaker is saying is right”可知，D项“反之，你要将注意力集中在对方说了什么上面”符合语境。18解析：选GG项中的that指代本空前一句中的“repeat back the main points of what he or she just said”。本空后一句中的It指代G项内容“这样做能使说话者了解到你对其所说内容明白了多少”。19解析：选C根据本空后一句“From there, the two people switch back and forth (来回地) until they have both fully heard and understood each other”可知，C项“然后，说话者与聆听者角色互换”符合语境。两者语意上为承接关系。20解析：选EE项中的this pattern指代本空前一句“They react to each other based on what they expect the other person to say rather than on what is actually said”。.完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。In 2016, 60yearold Marshall Reeves got on his bike in California. He began the Race Across America, a 3,000mile _21_ that runs from coast to coast.The _22_ was to reach Maryland in two weeks, which had _23_ him twice. But for his third _24_， Reeves had a new source of _25_. He was racing with 3,000 Miles to a Cure, which raises money for brain cancer research.“The Race Across America is similar to our fight against cancer. Its _26_ easy, but the only way to really fail is to _27_，” Reeves said.The race is one of the most _28_ events in the country. Only about half the competitors are able to finish. The race is continuous once the clock starts in California, it doesnt _29_ until Maryland.Racers are typically _30_ by a small crew in cars. Its a(n) _31_ game. So sometimes the crew would have to _32_ him and say the cutoff (截止时间) was in two hours _33_ it would actually be in six, things like that to get him _34_.In the early days of the race, when Reeves had _35_ to stop at a hotel, he would get a good nights sleep. But after three days, _36_ was a luxury (奢侈品) as he biked for more than 20 hours a day.After crossing the two points where his _37_ attempts had ended, Reeves entered _38_ areas. With just 25 miles left, Reeves struggled to stay_39_， taking quick naps (打盹) in the van. At last, he _40_ the finishing line in 12 days, 13 hours, and 52 minutes.语篇解读：本文是记叙文。Marshall Reeves曾经三次参加横跨美国的自行车赛，前两次他失利了，但第三次他成功了。21A.direction BlevelCjourney Drecord解析：选C由本空前“He began the Race Across America, a 3,000mile”可知，横跨美国的自行车赛是一次三千英里的旅程。22A.goal BrangeCpotential Dadventure解析：选A“to reach Maryland in two weeks”即为比赛的目标。23A.attracted BdefeatedCwaved Dreminded解析：选B由最后一段“After crossing the two points where his _ attempts had ended”可知，Reeves以前参加过两次比赛，均以失败告终。24A.place BplanCdecision Dattempt解析：选D由上下文可知，这是他的第三次尝试。25A.advice BlifeCmotivation Dfinance解析：选C由“He was racing with 3,000 Miles to a Cure, which raises money for brain cancer research”可知，此次他参赛的目的是为脑癌研究筹集资金。这是他新的动力来源。26A.rather BneverCunfortunately Dactually解析：选B由“The Race Across America is similar to our fight against cancer”可知，Reeves认为这两者都不容易，但是唯一会失败的做法就是放弃。27A.set off Bkeep onCgive up Dtake risks解析：选C参见上题解析。28A.difficult BexcitingCimportant Dwonderful解析：选A由“Only about half the competitors are able to finish”可知，横跨美国的自行车赛是最艰难的比赛之一，只有一半的选手能完成比赛。29A.change BcountCsound Dstop解析：选D由“The race is continuous”可知，一旦比赛开始，计时器直到到达终点才会停止。30A.followed BprotectedCguaranteed Devaluated解析：选A根据语境可知，参赛选手后面都有工作人员的车辆跟随。31A.outdoor BmentalCphysical Dteam解析：选B由下文工作人员的做法可知，这种比赛是打心理战。32A.promise BpersuadeCsmile at Dlie to解析：选D由“the cutoff (截止时间) was in two hours _ it would actually be in six”可知，工作人员有时不得不对Reeves说谎。33A.thus BsinceCbut Dunless解析：选C本空前后之间是转折关系。34A.down BoutCthinking Dgoing解析：选D上文的做法是为了让Reeves继续坚持骑