雅思判断题TFNG-让你蒙都能对一半!ppt课件

.,T/F/NG题,.,T/F/NG-Y/N/NG潜规则,T/F/NG-Y/N/NG的题目遵循顺序原则一个自然段考1-3个题目e.g.剑五T1P3每个题干带回到原文,只能对应1-2句话一个原则在一个题上只能用一次e.g.剑四page48alternativemedicineinAus.,.,TRUE/YES题目中的关键词与原文中的关键词-相同-同义-同向FALSE/NO题目中的关键词与原文中的关键词-矛盾-反义-反向NOTGIVEN-题目的内容原文完全未提及(子虚乌有型)-题目的内容原文部分提及了,却存在着两种可能性难点（证据不足型）,.,1.文中说:塞朴路斯的旅游者大多来自欧洲.题目说:塞朴路斯的旅游者大多来自英国.2.文中说:MM老师喜欢JAY.题目说:MM老师ONLY喜欢JAY.剑五P26Q28,.,TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN考事实的(较容易)YES/NO/NOTGIVEN考观点的,.,什么是关键词(考点词)关键词(考点词)可能考虑的是一个词,可能是一组词,还有可能是整个句子的含义.如何找到T/F/NG或者Y/N/NG的关键词(考点词)一般来说,一句话的首尾,就是这句话的定位词.中间的部分,就是这句话的关键词(考点词).(M是个美女，有钱人),.,adj.决定了这个事物的方向.adv.表现了程度和频率.比较关系两个事物发生比较题目AB原文ABABA,B没有进行比较,.,3.数字做考点,一般选FALSE只考数字的准确性4.题目当中出现绝对词,考点多落在绝对词上,一般选FALSEadv.性质的绝对词(保险)all,most表示范围的绝对词(小心),.,FALSE的形式,F1:反义词抵触型的FALSE/50%-60%反义词抵触的层次：第一层:题目：decrease原文：increase第二层:题目：decrease原文：boost第三层:题目：decreasev.原文：improvementn.第四层:修饰限定上的反义(难点感情色彩),.,修饰限定上的反义,1.题目说:outofdate原文说:remainbackbone2.题目说:AfewpeopleclaimthatSydneyOperaHouseisamajorarchitecturalwork.原文说:SydneyOperaHouseis,butfewwouldarguewiththeclaimthattheSydneyOperaHouseisamajorcontributiontoworldarchitecture.,.,3.题目说:Sydneyisaquietandgracefulcity原文说:SetamongthegracefulsplendorofSydneyHarbor,presidinglikeaqueenoverthebustleandbrashnessofamoderncitystrivingtoforgeafinancialreputationinatoughcommercialworld,SydneyOperaHouseisaremindertoallAustraliansoftheirdeepandlastingloveofallthingscultural.,.,FALSE的复习,F1反义词抵触型F2绝对等于不对F3单一等于不对F4already等于不对F5数字做考点，一般选false（mainly，largely）F6去掉条件状语,答案选false,.,补充说明F1在句子中的实现,句子中由否定词直接否定：not/nolonger(不再)/notanymore/bynomeans(决不）句子中隐含的否定：usedtodosth./untilrecently/aswasoncethecase,.,剑五p19/Q11题目:JohnsonsetupanacademytohelpwiththewritingofhisDictionary.原文:Johnsondecidedhedidnotneedanacademytosettleargumentsaboutlanguage;hewouldwriteadictionaryhimself;andhewoulddoitsingle-handed.,.,F2:绝对等于不对,90%impossible(ly)immediate(ly)80%always（总是）/often/usually/never（从不）70%all(剑四page48Q23)/every/any/none,.,Must及一组副词:题目说的太绝对,容易被人抓住把柄,absolutely,definitely，invariably(不可改变地)/inevitably(不可避免地)/unarguably/irrefutably/assuredly/indisputably/undeniably/certainly(毫无疑问地)/withoutquestion=outofquestion/,.,与绝对词FALSE相反的TRUE:(即真理型的TRUE),possible(ly)/probable(ly)/presumably/perhaps/belikelyto/maybe/may(might)/can(could)/would/somewhat/seemto/appearto/chances/odds/almost/sometimes/some/certain/adegreeof/occasionally/notalways/notall/notnecessarily/（剑5，23）,.,F3:单一VS多样,题目中:单一onlyone/only/sole/solely/single/unique/merely/barely/exclusively原文中:多样two/bothand/various/varied/variety/different/diversified/versatile(万能的,多才多艺的)e.g.,.,题目说:RadicalgroupsareonlyfoundwithintheLaborParty.文中说:Infact,itwouldbetruetosaythatbothpartiesconsistofconservative,moderateandradicalelements,andthereforethegeneralpublicisoftenperplexedaboutwhichpartytovotefor.,.,F4:题干有ALREADY+完成时做关键字,题目说:Biosilkhasalreadyreplacednyloninparachutemanufacture.文中说:Armyscientistsarelookingatthepossibilitiesofusingbiosilkforlightweight,bullet-proofingvestsandparachutes.,.,F5：数字做考点,一般选FALSE尤其有mainly/largely,剑三P40Q2.3.4(反例)P62,.,2FourthousandspeciesofdungbeetlewereinitiallybroughttoAustraliabytheCSIRO.,Between1968and1982,theCSIROimportedinsectsfromabout50differentspeciesofdungbeetle,fromAsia,EuropeandAfrica,aimingtomatchthemtodifferentclimaticzonesinAustralia.,.,3DungbeetleswerebroughttoAustraliabytheCSIROoverafourteen-yearperiod.,Between1968and1982,theCSIROimportedinsectsfromabout50differentspeciesofdungbeetle,fromAsia,EuropeandAfrica,aimingtomatchthemtodifferentclimaticzonesinAustralia.,.,4Atleasttwenty-sixoftheintroducedspecieshavebecomeestablishedinAustralia.,Ofthe26speciesthatareknowntohavebecomesuccessfullyintegratedintothelocalenvironment,onlyone,anAfricanspeciesreleasedinnorthernAustralia,hasreacheditsnaturalboundary.,.,F6:去掉条件状语=false,原文中包含条件状语,题目中去掉这些表示条件状语的成分.条件句引导词if,ifnot,unless也可能是用介词短语表示条件状语,如in,with,for,but(for),except(for),.,题目中:Themediahasoftencriticizedtheinternetbecauseitisdangerous.原文中:TheInternethasoftenbeencriticizedbythemediaasapotentiallyhazardoustoolinthehandsofyoungcomputerusers.,.,FALSE的复习,F1反义词抵触型F2绝对等于不对F3单一等于不对F4already等于不对F5数字做考点，一般选false（mainly，largely）F6去掉条件状语,答案选false,.,NOTGIVEN的复习,NG1并不存在的关系（未提及型的）NG2隐含型的NG3并不存在的比较关系NG4权威效应，大众效应NG5偷换概念NG6关于最高级的思考NG7题目内容原文部分提及了，却存在两种可能性.,.,NG的形式NG1并不存在的关系(未提及型)e.g.题目说:Thegovernmentwasconcernedaboutsomeartistscomplaints.文中说:Thesizeoftherehearsalroomof,andsomeartistshavecomplainedbitterlyaboutallthesevarietieseversince.,.,NG2:隐含型的NGanother(the)otherlatternextsecondrelative,.,NG3并不存在的比较关系只要文中有AISBETTERTHANB的形式A+be+adj比较级+than+B(外表,金钱,男女)better!similar!,.,e.g.题目说:AustralianartistsgivebetterperformancesintheOperaHouse.文中说:TheQueenofficiallyopenedthebuildingin1975andsincethenaudiencesofallnationalitieshavebeenquicktoacclaimthemanyworld-classperformancesofstarsfromtheAustralianopera,balletandtheatre.,.,NG4,权威效应,大众效应文中某名人说A是事实，题中把名人去掉，说A就是事实文中说许多人说B是事实,题中直接说B就是事实原文中出现了发誓，承诺，愿望，决心，目的等主观限定词，而题目去除以上限定变为客观事实陈述:常见主观限定词:promise,vow,swear,aimto,pledge(保证),resolve(决心),.,e.g.题目中:UtzonneverreturnedtoAustraliatoseethecompletedbuilding.文中说:Utzonleftthecountrybeforecompletingtheprojectandinafitofangervowednevertoreturn.,.,TRUE/FALSE/NOTGIVEN注意,三不原则不死抠字眼不钻牛角尖不动用过于专业,或者和文章内容有关的背景知识e.g.题目说:地球是正方形的.,.,题目:UsingtheInternetcoststheownerofatelephoneextramoney.文中:Already,millionsofpeoplearoundtheworldarelinkedbycomputersimplybyhavingamodem,inmuchthesamewaythatowningatelephonelinksustoalmostanyonewhopaysaphonebill.,.,NG5偷换概念,地点状语的范围缩小文中是个大范围EUROPE题目中是小范围UK罕见：从小范围大范围翻译上的误区，或者常识上的误区。,.,题目中：Someparentsspendextraontheirchildrenseducationbecauseoftheprestigeattachedtocertainschools.文中说：Wealthyparentshavealwaysbeenwillingtospendthevastamountsofextramoneynecessarytosendtheirchildrentoschoolswithaperceivededucationaledge.,.,NG6:关于最高级的思考(先天不足，树敌太多）,.,地理的,自然的:珠穆朗玛峰是全世界的最高峰.TNG人文的:大英博物馆这方面的馆藏是全世界最大的.是最著名的导演.这个技艺是吉尼斯世界记录里最绝的一个.NG（无从考量型/有这个可能性)(法律,种族,政治,女权问题避免),.,G类题目中说:Sydneyharbouristhelargestharbourintheworld.文章中说:Sydneyharbourisoneofthelargestharboursintheworld.NOTGIVEN,.,NG7题目的内容原文部分提及了,却存在两种可能性.F/NG分不清,+NOT为试金石不适用于以名词为考点的题目.(有些词没有反义词)e.g.文中说:小土豆喜欢吃麻辣烫和烤鸡翅.题目说:小土豆只喜欢吃烤鸡翅.+NOT=小土豆不只喜欢吃烤鸡翅.,.,NOTGIVEN的复习,NG1并不存在的关系（未提及型的）NG2隐含型的NG3并不存在的比较关系NG4权威效应，大众效应NG5偷换概念NG6关于最高级的思考NG7题目内容原文部分提及了，却存在两种可能性.,.,TRUE的形式,同义词的TRUE(相同-同义-同向)和FALSE相对的绝对真理型的TRUE由例子推出合理结论型的TRUE（inference)由隐喻到直白的TRUE,.,推理题的四大原则,所谓推理，就是“同义转化”。所谓推理，只能使用最普通的逻辑。所谓推理，只能在原文的证据范围内推理。所谓推理，只能进行一步推理。切忌推理过度：进行了2步推理或“一推到底”。,.,题目中:Insomejobs,thepositionyouholdmustbereappliedfor.文章中:Thepressureiscomingfromwithintheworkplacetocompetewithevermorequalifiedjobapplicants,andinmanyoccupationsonemustnowbattlewithcolleaguesinthereshuffleforthepositiononealreadyholds.,.,题目说:Studentswhoperformedbadlyatschoolusedtobeacceptedbytheirclassmates.文中说:Astudentatsecondaryschoolreceivinglowgradesisnolongeraseasilyacceptedbyhisorherpeersaswasoncethecase.,.,题中说:AustraliansappeartohaverespondedtothecallbyaformerPrimeMinistertobecomebetterqualified.文中说:Atfirstglance,thesituationwouldseemtobelaudable;apositiveresponsetothecallbyaformerPrimeMinister,BobHawke,forAustraliatobecomethe“clevercountry”.,.,READALOT适用于中长期的同学,朗文高级英语阅读(上+下)中国电力出版社上:这样的阅读最有效下:评析性阅读,.,当堂测试,题目:Mostarelessthanfiveyears.原文:Fewaremorethanfiveyears.题目:Ourco