2012年度全国职称英语等级考试理工类C级模拟试题(三)

2012年职称英语等级考试模拟试题及答案解析理工类C级（卷三）第1部分：词汇选项(第115题，每题l分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。1You look smart in the new suitAcleverBhandsomeCloyalDbrave2He hasnt the funds to carry out his designAmakeBkeepCchangeDimplement3I was astonished at the news of his escapeAamusedBamountedCamazedDapproached4Its almost 5 0clock；time to quitAincreaseBstopCcontinueDkeep5Do you follow what I am saying?AchangeBinvestigateCwriteDunderstand6The boys broke into excited cheeringAburstBblastedCburnedDblazed7China does a lot of trade with many countriesAa great deal ofBa great many ofCa large number ofDa great level of8An old friend called on me the day before yesterdayAtelephonedBrangCvisitedDsaw9。We are going to have the TV fixedApreparedB。mendedCcleanedDarranged10I am heartily grateful to your helpAhelpfulBhatefulCdelightfulDthankful11She eventually married the most persistent one of her admirersAin a way Bin due courseCin the endDin any case12Five minutes left，the out come of the match was still in doubtAresultBjudgmentCdecisionDevent13The reporter was accused of unprofessional conductAmovementBwordsCprincipleDbehavior14He made a considerable sum of money in real estateA1argeBpositiveCpowerfulDrealistic15A crowd gathered to see what had happenedAcollectedBfixedCdividedDassist第2部分：阅读判断(第1622题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑;如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。HerculesOnce upon a time there was a great Greek hero, Hercules. He was taller and stronger than anyone you have ever seen. On his shoulder he carried a club and in his hand he held a bow (弓). He was known as the hero of a hundred adventures.Hercules served a king. The king was afraid of him. So again and again he sent him on difficult tasks. One morning the king sent for him and told him to fetch three golden apples for him from the garden of the Singing Maidens (歌女). But no one knew where the garden was.So Hercules went away. He walked the whole day and the next day and the next. He walked for months before he saw mountains far in the distance one fine morning. One of the mountains was in the shape of a man, with long, long legs and arms and huge shoulders and a huge head. He was holding up the sky. Hercules knew it was Atlas, the Mountain God. So he asked him for help.Atlas answered, My head and arms and shoulders all ache. Could you hold up the sky while I fetch the golden apples for you?Hercules climbed the mountain and shouldered the sky. Soon the sky grew very heavy. When finally Atlas came back with three golden apples, he said, Well, you are going to carry the mountain for ever. Im going to see the king with the apples. Hercules knew that he couldnt fight him because of the sky on his back. So he shouted: Just one minutes help. My shoulders are hurting. Hold the sky for a minute while I make a cushion (垫子) for my shoulders.Atlas believed him. He threw down the apples and held up the sky.Hercules picked up the apples and ran back to see the king.16 Hercules was the tallest man in the worldA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17 Hercules worked in the kings gardenA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18 Hercules was given many difficult tasks because the king wanted to get rid of him.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19 Atlas was the giant who held up the sky.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20 Atlas ran faster than HerculesA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21 Atlas got the golden apples for Hercules because he wanted to be the king himself.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22 Hercules finally managed to get the apples by defeating AtlasA Right B Wrong C Not mentioned第三部分：概括大意与完成句子(第2330题，每题1分，共8分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 How We Form First lmpression1 We all have first impression Of someone we just met. But why? Why do we form an opinion about Someone without really knowing anything about him or her -aside perhaps from a few remarks or readily observable traits.2The answer is related to how your brain allows you to be aware of the world. Your brain is so sensitive in picking up facial traits，even very minor difference in how a persons eyes，ears，nose，or mouth are placed in relation to each other makes you see him or her as differene1.In fact，your brain continuously process incoming sensory information- the sights and sounds of your world. These incoming “signals” are compared against2 a host of “memories” stored in the brain areas called the cortex system to determine what these new signals “ mean” .3 If you see someone you know and like at school3，your brain says “familiar and safe. “ If you see someone new，it says，”new-potentially，threatening”. Then your brain starts to match features of this stranger with other “ known” memories. The height ，weight，dress ，ethnicity ， gestures ，and tone of voice are all matched up. The more unfamiliar the characteristics ，the more your brain may say，This is new. I dont like this person”. Or else，”Im intrigued” . Or your brain may perceive a new face but familiar clothes，ethnicity，gestures-like your other friends; so your brain says: “I like this person” . But these preliminary “impressions” can be dead wrong.4 When we stereotype people，we use a less mature form of thinking (not unlike the immature thinking of a very young child) that makes simplistic and categorical impressions of others. Rather than learn about the depth and breadth of people-their history，interest，values，strengths，and true character - we categorize them as jocks，geeks，or freaks.5 However，if we resist initial stereotypical impressions，we have a chance to be aware of what a person is truly like. If we spend time with a person，hear about his or her life，hopes，dreams，and become aware of the persons character，we use a different，more mature style of thinking- and the most complex areas of our cortex，which allow us to be humane.23. Paragraph 2_24. Paragraph 3_25. Paragraph 4_26. Paragraph 5_AWays Of Departure from Immature and Simplistic ImpressionsBComment on First ImpressionC Illustration Of First ImpressionD Comparing Incoming Sensory Information（接收到的感官信息） Against MemoriesE Threatening Aspect of First ImpressionsF Differences Among Jocks，Geeks and Freaks27. Sensory information is one that is perceived through_.28. You interpret _ by comparing it against the memories already stored in your brain.29. The way we stereotype people is a less mature form of thinking，which is similar to_.30. We can use our more mature style of thinking thanks to_. Aa strangers less mature type of thinkingBthe most complex areas of our cortexC the immature form of thinking of a very young childD the meaning of incoming sensory informationE the sights and sounds of the worldF an opportunity to analyze different forms of thinking 第四部分：阅读理解(第3145题，每题3分，共45分)下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择l个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇 Making Light of SleepAll we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock， your internal clock2 runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle，called a circadian rhythm，helps control when you wake，when you eat and when you sleep.Somewhere around puberty，something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward，so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you its time for bed，your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your bodys clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark5. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems，too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud6 when they dont get enough sleep，says Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence，RI7 .It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.But just like your alarm clock，your internal clock can be reset. In fact，it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years，researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the bodys clock8 were handled through the same pathways that we use to see.But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether its day or night.31 .The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock becauseA it controls when we wake，when we eat and when we sleep.B it has a cycle of 24 hours.C it is a cycle also called circadian rhythm.D it can alarm any time during 24 hours.32. What is implied in the second paragraph?A Young childrens biological clock has the same rhythm with that of the teenagers.B People after puberty begin to go to bed earlier due to the change of the biological clock.C Children before puberty tend to fall asleep earlier at night than adolescents.D Teenagers go to bed later than they used to due to the light from the computer screen.33. In the third paragraph the author wants to tell the reader thatA it is natural for teenagers to stay up late and get up late.B staying up late has a bad effect on teenagers ability to think and learn.C during puberty most teenagers experience a kind of gray cloud.D it is hard for teenagers to get out of bed in the morning.34. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the fourth and fifth paragraphs?A Our biological clock resets itself automatically.B light gets through our eyes and resets our biological clock.C Our internal clock as well as the alarm clock can be reset automatically.D Our internal clock，like the alarm clock，can be reset.35. According to the last two paragraphs， what did the previous researchers think about the human eyes light-sensing system?A The human eye had two light-sensing systems.B The human eye had one light-sensing system.C The human eye could sense the light of day more quickly than the dark of night.D The human eye could reset our internal clocks in accordance with the alarm clocks.第二篇 Weight on and off the EarthWe are so used to our life on the surface of the earth that it can be quite an effort for our mind to break free of all the ideas that we take for granted. Because we can feel that things are heavy, we think of weight as being a fixed quality in an object, but it is not really fixed at all. If you could take a one-pound packet of butter 4, 000 miles out from the earth, it would weigh only a quarter of a pound.Why would things weigh only a quarter as much as they do at the surface of the earth if we took them 4,000 miles out into space? The reason is this: All objects have a natural attraction for all other objects; this is called gravitational attraction. But this power of attraction between two objects gets weaker as they get farther apart. When the butter was at the surface of the earth, it was 4,000 miles from the center. When we took the butter 4,000 miles out, it was 8,000 from the center, which is twice the distance. If you double the distance between two objects, their gravitational attraction decreases two times two. If you treble the distance, it gets nine times weaker (three times three) and so on. So this is one of the first things we need to remember: that the weight of an object in space is not the same as its weight on the surface of the earth.What about the weight of our pound of butter on the surface of the moon? At the distance the pull of the earth is about 4,000 times smaller than it is here on the surface, so we can forget all about the earth-pull on our butter.On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon: but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of gravitational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.36 How much would four pounds of tea weigh if it was taken 4,000 miles out from the surface of the earth? A I pound.B 2 pounds.C 3 poundsD 4 pounds.37 We find it hard to break free from ideas connected with living on the earth because A it demands too great an effort for us to do so. B we are too familiar with the way things are to question the ideas. C we have proved that those ideas are correct. D we are so sure of ourselves that we never doubt anything on the earth.38 According to the passage, weight should be understood in the sense that A it is fixed if it is outside the earths gravitational pull. B it decreases four times when it is 4,000 miles from the earths center. C it varies with the change of the gravitational attraction between twoobjects. D things increase in amount as they are closer to the earths surface.39 We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter because A it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own. B its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it. C its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation. D it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.40 The main idea of this passage is A different weight systems in different places B freedom from traditional ideas. C traveling from the earth to the moon. D the effect of gravitation on weight.第三篇 Lifetime Employment in Japanese CompaniesIn most large Japanese companies, there is a policy of lifetime employment. What this means is that when people leave school or university to join an enterprise, they can expect to remain with that organization until they retire. In effect, the employee gets job security for life, and can only be fired for serious mistakes in work. Even in times of business recession, he or she is free from the fear of being laid off. One result of this practice is that the Japanese worker identifies closely with his company and feels strong loyalty to it. By working hard for the company, he believes he is safeguarding his own future. It is not surprising that devotion to ones company is considered a great virtue in Japan. A man is often prepared to put his firms interests before those of his immediate family. The job security guaranteed by this system influences the way employees approach their work. They tend to think in terms of what they can achieve throughout their career. This is because they are not judged on how they are performing during a short period of time. They can afford to take a longer perspective than their Western counterparts. This marriage between the employee and the company - the consequence of lifetime employment - may explain why Japanese workers seem positively to love the products their company is producing and why they are willing to stay on after work, for little overtime pay, to participate in earnest discussions about the quality control of their products. 41 Lifetime employment in the Japanese company means that the employeeA leaves his company only when business is bad.B gets a job soon after he leaves school or university.C can work there throughout his career.D can have his serious mistakes in work corrected.42 Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A Family and company interests are equally importantB The Japanese worker is very loyal to his company.C Ones future is guaranteed through hard work.D Devotion to ones company is encouraged.43 Lifetime employment influences onesA achievements at work.B performance at work.C career options.D attitude toward work.44 The Japanese worker is fond of his companys products because ofA his marriage with the daughter of the president.B the close link between him and his company.C his willingness to work overtime,D his active participation in quality control.45 The passage mainly discussesA how lifetime employment works in Japan.B what benefits lifetime employment has brought to Japanese workersC what lifetime employment is.D how lifetime employment is viewed.第五部分：补全短文(第4650题，每题2分，共10分)阅读下面的短文，文章中有5处空白，文章后面有6组文字，请根据文章的内容选择5组文字，将其分别放回文章原有位置，以恢复文章原貌。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。 Heat Is KillerExtremely hot weather is common in many parts of the world. Although hot weather just makes most people feel hot, it can cause serious medical problems - even death. Floods, storms, volcano eruptions and other natural disasters kill thousands of people every year.（洪水，暴风雨，火山爆发和其他自然灾害每年杀死了成千上万的人） 46 Experts say heat may be natures deadliest killer. Recently, extreme heat was blamed for killing more than one hundred people in India. It is reported that the total heat of a hot day or several days can affect health. 47 D . Experts say heat waves often become dangerous when the nighttime temperature does not drop much from the highest daytime temperature. This causes great stress on the human body. 48 . Stay out of the sun, if possible. Drink lots of cool water. Wear light colored clothing made of natu