电子专业英语Lesson-10-The-mobile-telephone-system-(I).ppt

Unit4Electronicsystems,Lesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I)电子信息工程专业英语教程任治刚主编电子工业出版社,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,2,Lesson10TheMobileTelephoneSystem(I),BackgroundsTexttourLanguageinuseVocabularyStructureReading/writingtechniques,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,3,Terminologycordlessphonebasestation,mobilestationdialtone,dialingantennapacket-switchingMTSO,MSC,PSTNTheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunication,Backgrounds,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,4,Terminology,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,5,cordlessphone,无绳电话,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,6,basestation,mobilestation,basestation基站mobilestation移动站,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,7,Dialtone,dialing,AdialisAgraduatedsurfaceorfaceonwhichameasurement,suchasspeed,isindicatedbyamovingneedleorpointer.标度盘Thefaceofaclock.钟表针盘Asundial.日晷Thepanelorfaceonaradioortelevisionreceiveronwhichthefrequenciesorchannelsareindicated.调谐度盘Amovablecontrolknoborotherdeviceonaradioortelevisionreceiverusedtochangethefrequency.调谐钮Arotatablediskonatelephonewithnumbersandletters,usedtosignalthenumbertowhichacallismade.电话拨号盘,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,8,Antenna,天线Ametallicapparatusforsendingorreceivingelectromagneticwaves.alsocalledaerial,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,9,packet-switching,包交换，分组交换ApacketisAsequenceofbinarydigitsincludingdataandcallcontrolsignalsthatisswitchedasacompositewhole.Thedata,callcontrolsignals,andpossiblyerrorcontrolinformation,arearrangedinaspecificformat.Ashortblockofdataoffixedlengthanddestinationinformation.Itistheunitinwhichinformation(amessage)istransferredinapacket-switchingnetwork.Packetsmayconsistofasmanyas8000bits,andmorefromnodetonodeinthenetwork.,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,10,MTSO:MobileTelephoneSwitchingOffice移动电话交换局MSC:MobileSwitchingCenter移动交换中心PSTN:PublicSwitchedTelephoneNetwork公共交换电话网,MTSO,MSC,PSTN,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,11,TheHistoryofMobileRadioCommunication,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,12,1880:HertzInitialdemonstrationofpracticalradiocommunication1897:MarconiRadiotransmissiontoatugboatoveran18mipath1921:DetroitPoliceDepartment:-Policecarradiodispatch(2MHzfrequencyband)1933:FCC(FederalCommunicationsCommission)Authorizedfourchannelsinthe30to40MHzrange1938:FCCRuledforregularservice1946:BellTelephoneLaboratories152MHz(Simplex)1956:FCC450MHz(Simplex)1959:BellTelephoneLaboratoriesSuggested32MHzbandforhighcapacitymobileradiocommunication1964:FCC152MHz(FullDuplex)1964:BellTelephoneLaboratoriesActiveresearchat800MHz1969:FCC450MHz(FullDuplex),2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,13,1974:FCC40MHzbandwidthallocationinthe800to900MHzrange1981:FCCReleaseofcellularlandmobilephoneserviceinthe40MHzbandwidthinthe800to900MHzrangeforcommercialoperation1981:ATnotarrogantorprideful.谦逊的，谦卑的Showingdeferentialorsubmissiverespect低声下气的，顺服的ahumbleapology.Lowinrank,quality,orstation;unpretentiousorlowly卑微的，朴实的ahumblecottage.Tocurtailordestroytheprideof;humiliate.贬抑，使惭愧Tocausetobemeekormodestinspirit.使柔顺，使谦和Togivealowerconditionorstationto;abase.压低，降低,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,27,Humbleintext,AsecondareawheretheU.S.andEuropedifferedisinthehumblematterofphonenumbers.美国和欧洲另一个不同之处在于“电话号码”这件小事上。,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,28,Humbleinuse,humblelowlymeekhumble指“对自己或自己的地位、成就等表现得谦卑的”,但现在主要指“自感低卑的”Defeatandfailuremakepeoplehumble.lowly为较文雅的用语,指“谦逊”,但很少用以形容人Hehadalowlyheart.meek指“性情的温顺的”、“屈从他人的行为或意见”beasmeekasalamb,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,29,Consequentindictionary,Followingasanaturaleffect,result,orconclusion:随之发生的triedtopreventanoilspillandtheconsequentdamagetowildlife.Followingasalogicalconclusion.必然的Logicallycorrectorconsistent.合乎逻辑的,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,30,Consequentintext,Consequently,theusualruleofcallerpaysalsoappliestomobilephonesinEurope(exceptforinternationalcallswherecostsaresplit).这样，“主叫付费”的常规也可以应用于欧洲的移动电话（费用分开的国际电话除外）。,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,31,Consequentinuse,beconsequenton/upon因.而引起的，随.而发生的，是.的后果theconfusionconsequentontheearthquake,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,32,Installindictionary,Tosetinpositionandconnectoradjustforuse:安装installedthenewfurnace.Toinductintoanoffice,arank,oraposition:任命aceremonytoinstallthenewgovernor.Tosettleinanindicatedplaceorcondition;establish:安顿installedmyselfinthespareroom.,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,33,Installintext,Suchsystems,knownaspush-to-talksystems,wereinstalledinseveralcitiesbeginninginthelate1950s.20世纪50年代末，有几个城市开始架设这样的系统（被称之为“按下通话系统”),2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,34,Interferenceindictionary,Theactoraninstanceofhindering,obstructing,orimpeding.妨碍Somethingthathinders,obstructs,orimpedes.障碍物Thevariationofwaveamplitudethatoccurswhenwavesofthesameornearlythesamefrequencycometogether.干扰Theinhibitionorpreventionofclearreceptionofbroadcastsignals.干扰Thedistortedportionofareceivedsignal.干扰信号,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,35,Interferenceindictionary,Onacommunicationslink,noiseorunwantedsignalsthatimpairthereceiptorcorrectinterpretationofspeechordata.Atermusedtodescribeanoperatingcharacteristicofmanysystems.Sinceboththeprocessorandthechannelsrequirestoragecyclesforreferencesfrommainstorage,andonlyoneaccessfromstoragecanbemadeinanygivenstoragecycle,theprocessorandthechannelsmusttime-sharemainstorage.Thiscontentionforstoragecyclesistermedinterference.Theinterferencecharacteristicsofachannelorchannelsareameasureoftheinput/outputcomputeroverlappingcapabilityofacomputersystem.,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,36,Interferenceintext,Also,duetothelargepowerofthehilltoptransmitter,adjacentsystemshadtobeseveralhundredkilometersaparttoavoidinterference.此外，位于山顶上的发射机功率很大。为了避免互相干扰，临近系统间必须距离几百公里。,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,37,Interferenceinuse,adjacent-channelinterference邻信道干扰atmosphericinterference天电干扰audiointerference声频信号干扰backdoorinterference后门干扰backgroundinterference背景干扰beatinterference拍频干扰biprisminterference双棱镜干涉,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,38,Interferenceinuse,broadbandinterference宽带干扰broadcastinterference广播干扰coloursubcarrierinterference彩色副载波干扰commonmodeinterference共模干扰continuouswaveinterference连续波干扰crosstalkinterference交叉干扰,串话干扰electromageticinterference电磁干扰,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,39,Interferenceinuse,harmonicinterference谐波干扰huminterference交流声干扰imagefrequencyinterference像频干扰intermodulationinterference互调干扰intersymbolinterference符号间干扰,码间干扰inversemixtureinterference倒向混频干扰lineinterference线路干扰,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,40,Interferenceinuse,mirrorinterference镜象干扰multipathinterference多径干扰near-byinterference近区干扰near-endinterference近端干扰noiseinterference噪声干扰;杂波干扰powerlineinterference电力线干扰power-supplyinterference电源干扰,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,41,Interferenceinuse,radiointerference射电干扰,无线电干扰snowinterference“雪花”干扰,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,42,Capacityindictionary,Theabilitytoreceive,hold,orabsorb.接受力，吸收力Ameasureofthisability;volume.容积；体积Themaximumamountthatcanbecontained最大容量Abilitytoperformorproduce;capability.生产力；能力Themaximumoroptimumamountthatcanbeproduced最大生产量factoriesoperatingbelowcapacity.,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,43,Capacityindictionary,Thepowertolearnorretainknowledge;mentalability.学习能力，心智能力；大脑的智力Innatepotentialforgrowth,development,oraccomplishment;faculty.发展能力；能力Thequalityofbeingsuitablefororreceptivetospecifiedtreatment:性能，品质,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,44,Capacityindictionary,Thepositioninwhichonefunctions;role:职位；角色：inyourcapacityassalesmanager.Legalqualificationorauthority合法资格或权威：thecapacitytomakeanarrest.Capacitance.电容,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,45,Capacityintext,Thekeyideathatgivescellularsystemsfarmorecapacitythanprevioussystemsistheuseofrelativelysmallcellsandthereuseoftransmissionfrequenciesinnearby(butnotadjacent)cells.“采用较小蜂窝”和“发射频率重用”使蜂窝系统获得了比以往系统大得多的容量。“发射频率重用”是在附近小区中，而不是在相邻小区中。,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,46,Capacityinuse,atfullcapacity满功率,满负荷befilled(packed)tocapacity挤得满满的inonescapacityas，inthecapacityof作为.;以.资格身分、职位capacityfor/of/todo.的能力,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,47,Magnitudeindictionary,Greatnessofrankorposition崇高职务或者地位重要Greatnessinsizeorextent巨大尺寸或程度Themagnitudeofthefloodwasimpossibletocomprehend.Greatnessinsignificanceorinfluence重大意义或影响wasshockedbythemagnitudeofthecrisis.Anumberassignedtoaquantitysothatitmaybecomparedwithotherquantities.量值Apropertythatcanbequantitativelydescribed,suchasthevolumeofasphereorthelengthofavector.可量化的值,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,48,Magnitudeindictionary,Ameasureoftheamountofenergyreleasedbyanearthquake,asindicatedontheRichterScale.震级Thedegreeofbrightnessofacelestialbodydesignatedonanumericalscale,onwhichthebrighteststarhasmagnitude-1.4andthefaintestvisiblestarhasmagnitude6,withthescalerulesuchthatadecreaseofoneunitrepresentsanincreaseinapparentbrightnessbyafactorof2.512.星的亮度,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,49,Magnitudeintext,Thus,thecellulardesignincreasesthesystemcapacitybyatleastanorderofmagnitude,moreasthecellsgetsmaller.这样，蜂窝设计将系统容量至少提高了一个数量级；而且蜂窝越小，提高量越大。,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,50,Magnitudeinuse,Beoftherightmagnitude大小正合适Beofthefirstmagnitude头等重要的,极其重要的,2020/5/3,电子信息工程专业英语教程,51,Magnitudeinuse,magnitudeofacomplexnumber复数的大小magnitudeofarealnumber实数的大小magnitudeofavector向量的大小magni