宾语从句经典讲解.

.,TheObjectClause(Revision),.,宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句只是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句。从句在主句中充当什么成分，该复合句就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句在从句中作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语或某些形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同可分以下三种：,了解宾语从句,什么样的从句叫宾语从句？,.,1.由that引导的；2.由if/whether引导的；(what,which,who,whom,whose)3.由疑问词引导的(when,where,how,why),.,句子成分,句子成分包括：主语，谓语/表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语,主语+谓语/表语+宾语+定语+状语+补语,一个句子作主语整个句子就是主语从句,eg:Whathesaidisright,主语（句子）,Thisiswhathewants,表语（句子）,Hesaid(that)hemissedmeverymuch,宾语（句子）,（主语从句）,（表语从句）,（宾语从句）,系,表,主,系,主,谓,.,教学任务复习宾语从句重点和难点1、掌握不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、宾语从句中主从时态的呼应问题3、宾语从句的语序问题，特别是疑问词引导的宾从语序问题,.,不同引导词引导的宾语从句,1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,2.由连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,和连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句,.,由从属连词that引导的宾语从句,1.由that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不充当成分，没有词意，所以常省略。而且它是由陈述句转化而来的。,请把下列句子合为一句：,a,Hesaysb,Tomisagoodstudent,Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent,a,Hesaidb,Hehadacaraccidentyesterday,Hesaid(that)hehadacaraccidentyesterday,.,1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.3.Marysaid:IhavebeentoXinJiangthreetimes,Hesaid(that)hewasdoinghishomework,Tomsaid(that)hewouldcomeback,practice:,Marysaid(that)shehadbeentoXinJiangthreetimes,.,由连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句,2.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中即做成分，也有实际意义，所以不能省略。它是由特殊疑问句转化而来的。,请把下列句子合为一句：,a,Idontknowb,Whendoesthetrainleave?,Idontknowwhenthetrainleaves,a,Sheaskedb,WhereisLiMingfrom?,SheaskedwhereLiMingwasfrom,注：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，虽然从句具有疑问的语气，但语序务必保持正常陈述语序。,.,语序的理解,疑问语序,正常陈述语序,1.Whereareyougoing?,Whereyouaregoing,2.Whyisshelateforclass?,Whysheislateforclass,eg:1.-Mum,summerholidayiscoming.Iwonder_.-HowaboutQinlingWildZoo?(2014年陕西中考)A.wherecanwegoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegoD.howwecango,B,注意：,.,2.Whatanicepaperfish!Canyoushowus_youmakeit?A.whetherB.howC.whyD.what(2013年陕西中考)3.TomorrowisFathersDay.Idontknow_A.WhatcanIdoformyfatherB.whatIwillgetformyfatherC.whereIwentwithmyfatherD.wherewillIgowithmyfather(2012年陕西中考)4.IwastoldtomeetMr.Greenattheairport.ButIdontknow_hewillarrive.(2011年陕西中考)A.whereB.whyC.howD.when,B,D,B,.,由从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句,3.由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中具有实际意义(是否)，但不做任何成分，所以不能省略。它是由一般疑问句转化而来的表示不肯定的语气。,请把下列句子合为一句：,a,Idontknowb,Willshecomehere?,Idontknowif/whethershewillcomehere,a,Heaskedb,Hasshefinishedherhomework?,Heaskedif/whethershehadfinishedherhomework,注：一般情况下if和whether可以互换，但在以下情况只能用whether。1.在介词后引导宾语从句时；eg:HewasworriedaboutwhetherhecouldpasstheEnglishexam2.和ornot连用时；eg:Iwanttoknowwhetherheisfreeornot3.和动词不定式连用时；eg:Iaskedhimwhethertositbesideme,.,e.g.1.Iwanttoknow_.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Youaskhim_.（他是否能来）3.Idontknow_.（是否要下雨还是不下雨）4.Heaskedme_wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.(2008年陕西中考)A.thatB.ifC.howD.what,if/whetherhewillgototheparkwithus,whether/ifhecancome,whetheritisgoingtorainornot,practice:,B,.,宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题,主句+从句,现在时态,从句根据实际需要选用任何时态,一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时,一般将来时,过去将来时,现在完成时,过去完成时,过去时态,从句只能用过去时的范畴,一般过去时,过去进行时,过去将来时,过去完成时,注：如果从句表达客观规律，客观事实，名言，警句，谚语的话，不管主句是啥时态，从句必须用一般现在时表达。（中考常考知识点）,.,e.g.Ihear(that)_.（一小时后他会回来）Hesaid(that)_.（他非常想念我们）Theteachertoldus(that)_.（地球围着太阳转）4.Hesaidthat_(光速比声速传播的快)5.Myfatherusedtosaytomethat_.(失败是成功之母),hewillbebackinanhour,hemissedusverymuch,theearthmovesaroundthesun,practice:,thelighttravelsfasterthanthesound,failureisthemotherofsuccess,.,Theradiosaysit_cloudytomorrow.(be)Theheadmasterhopeseverything_well.(go)Tomsaysthatthey_(play)basketballatsixoclockyesterdayevening.Ihearthey_(return)italready.Hesaidthatthey_membersofthePartysince1948.(be)Heaskedwhatthey_ateightlastnight.(do)Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_fasterthansound.(travel)Ithinkyou_abouttheracenow.(talk)Ididntknowwhomtheletters_from.(be),willbe,goes,wereplaying,havereturned,hadbeen,travels,aretalking,were,weredoing,.,10.MissWangtoldmethattheearth_(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey_yesterday?(do),moves,hastaken,hasbeen,rises,did,.,完成句子,whocouldanswerthequestion,whomtheyarewaitingfor,whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass,.,将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.,Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.,Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?,Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswithyou.,Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.,.,5.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.6.“Howca