英国文学史及选读课件 8 The Romantic Period

TheRomanticPeriod,（1798-1832）,Objectives,TohavethebasicknowledgeaboutthebriefhistoryoftheRomanticPeriod2.Tohaveananalysisof“IWonderedLonelyasaCloud”3.TobefamiliarwithJaneAustenswritingstylesandmajorcontributiontoEnglishliterature,Contents,BackgroundWilliamWordsworth:“IWanderedLonelyasaCloud”JaneAusten:PrideandPrejudice,Background,HistoricalBackground,Politicallya.workersmovementb.FrenchRevolution(1789)watchwords口号;标语:“liberty,equalityandfraternity友爱”,EconomicallyBritain-the“workshop车间,工场,作坊oftheworld”aftertheIndustrialRevolutiona.NocountrywasstrongenoughtocompetewithEngland.b.TheIndustrialRevolutionpushedthebourgeoisie中产阶级tothedominantpositioninthecountryandbecametherulingclass.c.Theworkingclasslivedindreadful遭透的;可怕的poverty.,Ideologically思想体系上;意识形态上a.TheprincipleofReasonwasgivingwaytoanindividualized,free,liberal,imaginativeattitudetowardslife;b.AtendencytoturnorescapefromtheconfusingHereandNow.,LiterarilyA.Thepoliticalstruggleofthetimewasalsoreflectedbythepoliticalwritingsatthattime.ThomasPaine托马斯潘恩:TheRightsofMan,Writersgotinspirations灵感;鼓舞人心的人(或事物)fromtheFrenchRevolutionandwrotebeautifulpoemsandprose散文.(WilliamBlake,Byron,Shelley,Wordsworth,Lamb,etc.),B.Romanticismaroseasamainliterarytrendwhichprevailed流行,盛行;普遍inEnglandduringtheperiodof1798-1832.,*Romanticism,Amovementthatflourishedinliterature,philosophy,music,andartinwesterncultureduringthefirsthalfofthe19thcentury,beginningasarevolt反叛,起义Againstclassicism.,ItprevailedinEnglandduringtheperiodof1798-1832,beginningwiththepublicationofColeridgekulrid科尔里奇andWordsworthsLyricalBallads抒情歌谣集(1798),endingwiththedeathofWalterScott(1832).,*Romanticism,*Romanticism,TherehavebeenmanyvarietiesofRomanticisminmanydifferenttimesandplaces.,Politically,itwasinspiredbytherevolutionsinAmericaandFranceandpopularwarsofindependenceinPoland,Spain,Greeceandelsewhere.,*Romanticism,Emotionally,itexpressedanextremeassertionoftheselfandthevalueofindividualexperience.,*Romanticism,*CharacteristicsofRomanticism,a.ItisagainstthestrictorderandreasonofNeoclassicismofthepreviouscenturies.,*CharacteristicsofRomanticism,b.Imagination,emotion,andfreedomarecertainlythefocalpointsofromanticism.,Somekeyterms,ImaginationTheimagination,insteadof“reason”,waselevatedtoapositionasthesupremefacultyofthemind,thePrimaryfacultyforcreatingallart.,NatureNatureitselfisaworkofart,ahealing有治疗功用的power,natureasasourceofsubjectandimage,natureasarefuge庇护所，避难处fromtheartificialconstructs构思的结果,构想;概念ofcivilization.,SymbolsThedesiretoexpresstheinexpressible-theinfinitethroughtheavailableresourcesoflanguage.,IndividualismTheRomanticsasserted肯定地说，断言；维护，坚持theimportanceoftheindividual,theuniquepersonality.,TheEverydaysubjectstheeverydaymaterials“thelanguageofcommonmen,SchoolofRomanticPoets,1.Pre-RomanticPoetsRobertBurns罗伯特彭斯:Scottishdialect方言，土语,ballads歌谣，小曲WilliamBlake:mysterious,philosophical,visionary幻想的,富于想像力的e.g.SongsofInnocence,SongsofExperience,2.*LakePoetsconservative保守的;传统的,worshipper崇拜者,礼拜者ofnatureWordsworth:LyricalBalladsPoetLaureate桂冠诗人Coleridge:KublaKhan“忽必烈汗Southey索塞:湖畔诗人,3.ActiveRomanticschoolrebellious反抗的，难控制的,revolutionary革命的，革新的,romantic,shortlifeGeorgeGordonByron;PercyByssheShelley;JohnKeats,GeorgeGordonByron:romantic,revolutionary,satiric讽刺的，爱挖苦的,proudandangry-DonJuan唐璜-ChildeHaroldsPilgrimage恰尔德哈罗尔德游记-Manfred曼弗雷德,PercyByssheShelley:revolutionary,prophetic预言的,先知的,预示的,optimistic-Prometheusprmiju:sUnbound解放了的普罗米修斯-“Ode长诗，颂歌totheWestWind”西风颂,JohnKeats:melancholymelnkli,ageniuspropoundingontruthandbeauty-“OdetotheNightingale夜莺”夜莺颂-“OdeonaGrecianUrn”希腊古瓮颂-“OdetoPsyche”赋,Anodeisadignified有尊严的;庄严的;高贵的and