A Love Affair with Books.ppt

EnjoymentofLearning,Objectives,1.Talkaboutlearningexperiences.2.Familiarizewithcertainlearningstrategies.3.Enlargevocabulary.4.Masterreadingskillsidentifythetopicsentence.5.Practisetranslationtechniquesliteralandfreetranslation.6.Learntowrite.,SectionA,SectionB,SectionC,ExtendedMaterials,SectionA,ALoveAffairwithBooks,Contents,4,Lead-in,1,2,3,5,WordsandExpressions,TextAnalysis,NotestotheText,Exercises,6,Discussion,4,Lead-in,BackgroundInformation,SpotDictation,Pre-readingQuestions,BackgroundInformation,RiodeJaneiro,RiodeJaneiro,thesecondlargestcityandformercapitalofBrazil,isthecapitalofRiodeJaneirostate.Rio,asisknown,istheculturalcenterofthecountryaswellastheheartof,finance,communicationandtransportation.,BackgroundInformation,EarnestHemingway(1899-1961),EarnestHemingwayisagreatAmericannovelistandshortstorywriter.DuringWorldWarIhejoinedavolunteerambulanceunitinFranceandthenfoughtbrieflyasasoldierinItaly.AfterthewarHemingwayworkedasajournalistinChicago.AsoneoftherepresentativewritersoftheLostGeneration,Hemingwaywroteallhislifeaboutonetheme“graceunderpressure”andcreatedheroeswhoactthisthemeout.HereceivedtheNobelPrizeforLiteraturein1945.,BackgroundInformation,EarnestHemingway(1899-1961),Tolls(1940)（丧钟为谁而鸣）andTheOldManandtheSea(1952)（老人与海）,etc.,HesbeenknownforworkslikeTheSunAlsoRises(1926)（太阳照常升起）,AFarewelltoArms(1928)（永别了，武器）,ForWhomtheBell,BackgroundInformation,TheOldManandtheSea,TheOldManandtheSeaisoneofEarnestHemingwaysmostfamousworks.ItwaswritteninCubain1951andpublishedin1952.In1954itwontheauthortheNobelprizeforliterature.,BackgroundInformation,TheOldManandtheSea,Itisthestoryofastrugglebetweenanold,seasonedfishermanandthegreatestcatchofhislife.Foreighty-fourdays,Santiago,anagedCubanfishermanhasbeenoutonthesea.Ontheeighty-fifthdayofhisunluckytrip,SantiagosailsfarbeyondtheislandandventuresintotheGulfStream.Hecatchesamarlin,thelargestfishhehaseverseen.Ashesailsonwiththefish,themarlinsbloodleavesatrailinthewaterandattractssharks,whodevourthemarlinspreciousmeat,leavingonlyskeleton,headandtail.Santiagoreturnshomeempty-handed.,BackgroundInformation,TheOldManandtheSea,Inlanguageofgreatsimplicityandpower,Hemingwaydescribestheclassicthemeofcourageinthefaceofdefeat,ofpersonaltriumphwon,fromloss.Somewell-knownquotesfromthisnovelare:“Manisnotmadefordefeat”,“Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”.,SpotDictation,Growingupinasmalltownin1._,the2._notonlyhadlimited3._tobooks,butwasalso4._fromreadingthe5._thatshecouldfind.6._,7._fruitisoftenthe8._.Inthistext,theauthor9._howbookshavebecomeher“most10._lovers”.,Brazil,author,access,discouraged,few,However,forbidden,sweetest,describes,faithful,Pre-readingQuestions,Q.1.Whatdoyouusuallyreadfor?Forfun?Forknowledge?Orforsomethingelse?,Tips:fun,knowledge,escape(from)reality,romance,curiosity,broadenoneshorizons,killtime,improveperformanceinexams,Pre-readingQuestions,Q.2.Nameoneofyourfavoritebooks.Whathaveyougotfromreading?,Tips:PrideandPrejudice,SecretGarden,GonewiththeWindfun,knowledge,indirectexperience,information,enlightenment,Pre-readingQuestions,Q.3.Doyouthinkbookswillchangeapersonslife?Ifso,inwhatway?,Tips:Ofcourseyes.enrichourlives,removeworries,setadefinitepurposeforlife,makelifecolorfulandmoreworthyofliving,Pre-readingQuestions,Q.4.Ifthetitlebelowweregiventoyou,howwouldyoudevelopthetext?,Tips:Open.,WordsandExpressions,ListofNewWords,UsageofWords,WordsandExpressions,teaspoonneverthelesseffectenchantedaddictedintrinsicloverfaithfulrecallopportunity,sneakeasilyfantasybestsellerromanceprecioushidingseriesdevourheroine,rescuepassionabandonbookshelfsaintmiracleChristreligionintriguingcurious,WordsandExpressions,fascinatetollanxiouslydeeplyoddapartsurmountcondemnobstaclefinally,mysteryrouteemotionromanticsoulhorizonunfoldstringboundunveil,tiresomecomfortoptionsubversivepredictpredictableforeseeunforeseeablelackluster,WordsandExpressions,atatimecarryawayfallinlove(with)inspiteofboardingschoolgiveupkindof,PhrasesandExpressions,setapartbeabouttodobeboundtodohave(got)apointkeepaway(from)keepup(with)insteadof,WordsandExpressions,BrazilRiodeJaneiroTheOldManandtheSeaEarnestHemingwaySantiagoForWhomtheBellTollsBrazilian,ProperNames,II.WordsandExpressions,effectn.C/Uresultorconsequenceofanactionetc.,ExamplesPunishmenthasverylittleeffecton/uponhim.Peterisallatseawhentheytalkaboutthegreenhouseeffect.,生效；起作用,takeeffect,副作用,sideeffect,Collocations,II.WordsandExpressions,addictedadj.dependentonadrugetc.asahabit,ExamplesNowadaysmanyyoungstersareaddictedtonetgames.Mycousinusedtobepassionatelyaddictedtogambling.,II.WordsandExpressions,faithfuladj.loyal,trustworthyshowingfaithaccurate,ExamplesThedeanisfaithfultohispromise.Itisafaithfulandparticulardescription.（忠实而详尽的描述）,Compare,PracticeThesoldierwasawardedamedalashehadbeen_throughouthisyearsofservice.A)peacefulB)beneficialC)faithfulD)awful,II.WordsandExpressions,faithfuladj.loyal,trustworthyshowingfaithaccurate,faithful指“一贯忠于誓言、责任和义务等的”。loyal指“坚定不移地忠于某人、事业或国家等”,而且含有“愿为其不顾艰苦而奋斗到底”的意味。constant表示“坚定的”、“坚贞的”、“经久不变的”,强调“忠诚的稳定性”。,Wemustbe_toourmotherland.忠于祖国Maryisa_wife.忠实的妻子a_lover坚贞的情人,loyal,faithful,constant,II.WordsandExpressions,seriesn.Csuccession,row,orsetnumberofsimilarorrelatedthings,events,etc.,ExamplesScientistscarriedoutaseriesofexperimentstotestthenewdrug.Accordingtohim,aseriesofdiscussionswasheldabouttheproject.,series属以-s结尾的单、复数同形的名词，谓语动词的形式需根据意义进行判断。类似的名词还有means,species,headquarters,works等。,FurtherStudy,II.WordsandExpressions,seriesn.Csuccession,row,orsetnumberofsimilarorrelatedthings,events,etc.,series指“一连串彼此有联系的人物或事件”。sequence指“在次序、字母顺序、观念、事物或因果等方面紧密联系而不可分的系列”。succession指“在时间或次序上相连续的事物”。chain指“连结在一起的一系列事物”。,Compare,a_ofTVplays电视连续剧the_ofevents一系列事件a_oferrors接二连三的错误a_ofideas一连串想法,series,sequence,succession,chain,II.WordsandExpressions,passionn.CstrongenthusiasmorinterestC/Upowerfulemotionsuchasloveoranger,ExamplesMycousinhasapassionforsoccer.Atthosewordsofminehebrokeintoaviolentpassion.,酷爱,haveapassionforsth.,勃然大怒,fly/breakintoapassion,Collocationsbooksaresubversive”(Para.13,Line1)?,Becausebyusingthepresenttense,theauthorexpressesherattitudetowardsbooks.Books,asanindispensiblepartofherlife,havealreadychangedtheauthorandwillstillinfluenceher.,AnswerforReference:,QuestionandAnswer,Q.10.Howhavebooksinfluencedtheauthorswholelife?,Thehungerforreadinghasledtheauthorfarawayfromhome,venturingintoadifferentworldoflife.Andthepassionforbookshasgiventheauthorfullenjoymentoflife.,AnswerforReference:,NotestotheText,II.WordsandExpressions,WhenIwasyoung,IthoughtreadingwaslikeadrugwhichIwasallowedtotakeonlyateaspoonatatime,(Lines1-2,Para.1),Paraphrase,WhenIwasasmallgirl,Ithoughtthatreadingwasliketakingdrugs.Icouldonlyreadalittleeachtime,.,Translation,小时候，我认为读书就像服用麻醉剂，一次仅可服一勺的量，.,II.WordsandExpressions,WhenIwasyoung,IthoughtreadingwaslikeadrugwhichIwasallowedtotakeonlyateaspoonatatime,(Lines1-2,Para.1),FurtherUsage,Byusingwords“like”and“as”,theauthorappliesthefigureofspeechsimile（明喻；直喻）.,Timeflieslikeanarrow.Sheeatslikeabird.Hesmokeslikeachimney.aswhiteassnowasbraveasalion,MoreExamples,光阴似箭吃得很少大烟鬼雪白威猛如狮,II.WordsandExpressions,AstimewentbyandItookthatdrugagainandagain,Ibecameaddictedtoit.Booksbecameanintrinsicpartofmylife.(Lines3-5,Para.1),Paraphrase,AsIgrewup,IdevotedmyselfmoreandmoretoreadingandbookshadalreadybecomeanimportantpartofmylifewithoutwhichIcouldnotlive.,Translation,随着时间的推移，一次次服用之后，我便对这一麻醉剂上了瘾。书就像这药剂，已然成为我生活中不可或缺的一部分。,II.WordsandExpressions,AstimewentbyandItookthatdrugagainandagain,Ibecameaddictedtoit.Booksbecameanintrinsicpartofmylife.(Lines3-5,Para.1),FurtherUsage,Theauthorisnowapplyingthefigureofspeechcalledmetaphor(暗喻，隐喻)assheindirectlycomparesreadingbookstotakingdrugswithoutusingwordssuchas“like”or“as”.,thesunshineofhersmileTheraincamedowninbuckets.haveastoneface,MoreExamples,她阳光般的微笑大雨如注/大雨倾盆表情呆板,II.WordsandExpressions,Athome,helovedtositinhisfantasywithallkindsofbooks.(Lines24-25,Para.4),Paraphrase,Athome,myunclelovedtositthere,totallylostintheimaginaryworldasaresultoftheinspirationgivenbythebookshewasreading.,Translation,在家时舅舅总喜欢坐在那里读书，沉浸在书的世界里。,II.WordsandExpressions,Athome,helovedtositinhisfantasywithallkindsofbooks.(Lines24-25,Para.4),FurtherUsage,fantasy:n.imaginationunrestrictedbyreality,Examples,Fantasyandrealityoftenoverlap.,HeindulgedhimselfinfantasywhenwatchingthetelevisionseriesFantasyIsland.,II.WordsandExpressions,Ihadbeensenttostudyinaboardingschool.(Line36,Para.6),FurtherStudy,Aboardingschool（寄宿学校）isaschoolinwhichmostorallofthestudentsliveduringthepartoftheyearwhentheygotolessons.Thestudentswholiveinboardingschoolsarecalledboardersorresidentstudents.*MostBritishpublicschoolsareboardingschools.Cf.dayschool（日校，走读学校）Adayschoolisaschoolwhosestudentsattendonlyduringtheday,returninghomeatnightandatweekends.,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),FurtherUsage,Thisisaninvertedsentenceusing“only”atthebeginningofasentencetointroduceanadverbial.,只有在这个房子里我才感到安全。只有在巴黎你才能买到这样的鞋子。,MoreExamples,OnlyinthishousedoIfeelsafeandsecure.,OnlyinPariscanyoubuytheseshoes.,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),Inversion（倒装）,1、否定词或具有否定意义的词语置于句首作为句首状语时例如：NeverbeforehaveIseensuchakindman.Hardlydidhethinkitpossible.NosoonerhadIgoneoutthanitrained.类似的词语还有hardlywhen,scarcelywhen/before,notonlybut(also)等。,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),Inversion（倒装）,2、“sothat”结构中的“so+状语”位于句首表示强调时，需要部分倒装。例如：Soloudlydidhespeakthatevenpeopleinthenextroomcouldhearhim.,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),Inversion（倒装）,3、由so(neither,nor)指代前面一句的内容表示“也是（也不）”的意义时，通常位于句首，并引起倒装。例如：TomcantspeakFrench.Nor(Neither)canJack.,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),Inversion（倒装）,4、用于were,had,should等词开头的虚拟条件句（即省略了if的虚拟条件句），也引起部分倒装。例如：Hadtheynothelpedus,ourexperimentwouldhavefailed.,II.WordsandExpressions,OnlywhenIreadashortstorybyaBrazilianauthor,didIdiscoverthatotherpeoplecouldenjoybooksasmuchasIdid.(Lines50-52,Para.8),Inversion（倒装）,5、以as,though,nomatterhow(who),或however引导的让步状语从句，当对as等引导的分句中的形容词、分词、副词强调时，一般也采用倒装结构。例如：Strongasheis,hecannotliftthestone.Nomatterhowbusyheis,hehastoattendthemeeting.,II.WordsandExpressions,ForsomeyearsIwascondemnedagaintothedarkness;condemnedtolivewithoutbooks,myfriends,myguides,mylovers.(Lines56-58,Para.9),FurtherUsage,condemn:vt.forcesomeoneintoanunhappystateorsituation,Hisbadlegcondemnedhimtoawheelchair.Theywerecondemnedtoalifeofhardship.Mostofthechildrenwillbecondemnedtospendtheirlivesinabjectpoverty（赤贫；一贫如洗）.,MoreExamples,II.WordsandExpressions,whichroutesIamabouttotravel,whichemotionsIamabouttosinkinto.Willthisnewbooktouchmeasawoman,asaforeigner,asaromanticsoul,asacuriousperson?Whichhorizonisitabouttounfoldtome,whichstringofmysoulisitboundtotouch,whichsecretisitabouttounveilforme?(Lines64-68,Para.11),Paraphrase,everytimeIopenedanewbook,Ifeltcuriousaboutwhatnewexperienceitwouldoffermeandwhatkindofemotionalstateitwouldleadmeinto.Wouldithaveanyemotionalimpactonmeasaforeignwomanwitharomanticheartandanintenseyearningforknowledge?Whatkindofnewworldwoulditopenbeforeme?Whateffectwoulditexertonme?Whatunknownthingofanysortwoulditrevealtome?,II.WordsandExpressions,Translation,我会踏上怎样的征程，进入怎样的感情世界呢？它会触动像我这样的一个女人、一个外乡人、一个浪漫的人、一个好奇的人吗？它又将向我呈现什么样的景象，触动我的哪根心弦，为我揭开哪些秘密呢？,whichroutesIamabouttotravel,whichemotionsIamabouttosinkinto.Willthisnewbooktouchmeasawoman,asaforeigner,asaromanticsoul,asacuriousperson?Whichhorizonisitabouttounfoldtome,whichstringofmysoulisitboundtotouch,whichsecretisitabouttounveilforme?(Lines64-68,Para.11),II.WordsandExpressions,However,ifIhadtochooseagain,IwouldalwayschoosethebooksinsteadofthelacklusterlifeIcouldhavehad.(Lines78-80,Para.13),FurtherUsage,Thesentenceisinsubjunctivemood（虚拟语气）.,IfIhadleftearlier,I_(catch)thetrain.Ifmyauntwereto/shoulddoit,she_(do)itinadifferentway._(Ihave)moretime,Iwouldhavefinishedmyhomework.,MoreExamples,wouldhavecaught,woulddo,HadIhad,Exercises,VocabularyEx.IIIEx.IVEx.V,WordBuildingEx.VI,UsageEx.VIIEx.VIII,StructureEx.IXEx.X,TranslationEx.XI,GuidedWriting,Vocabulary,III.Completethefollowingwithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,1.Ifsomething_you,itinterestsanddelightsyousomuchthatyourthoughtstendtoconcentrateonit.,fascinates,2.Ifyouhavea(n)_forsomething,youhaveaverystronginterestinitandlikeitverymuch.,passion,Vocabulary,III.Completethefollowingwithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,3.Iftheresultofsomethingis_,youknowwhatitwillbebeforeithappens.,predictable,4.Ifyousaythatsomethingis_tohappen,youmeanthatitissuretohappen,becauseitisanaturalconsequenceofsomethingthatisalreadyknownorexists.,bound,Vocabulary,III.Completethefollowingwithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,5.A(n)_issomethingthatmakesitdifficultforyoutosucceed.,obstacle,6.Ifyoudescribesomeoneorsomethingas_,youthinkthattheyarestrangeorunusual.,odd,Vocabulary,III.Completethefollowingwithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,7.Ifyou_aplace,thing,orperson,youleavetheplace,thing,orpersonpermanentlyorforalongtime,especiallywhenyoushouldnotdoso.,abandon,8.AnyoneCupidtargetswiththearrowwillautomatically_withthenextpersontheysee.,fallinlove,Vocabulary,III.Completethefollowingwithanappropriatewordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,9.Ifyousaythatagoodeventisa(n)_,youmeanthatitisverysurprisingandunexpected.,miracle,10.The_isthelineinthefardistancewheretheskyseemstomeetthelandorthesea.,horizon,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,1.Havingdroppedoutofuniversity,BillGates_madehimselftherichestpersontheworldhaseverknown.,nevertheless,2.ItriedtogiveupsmokingseveraltimesbeforeIrealizedIwasalready_.,addicted,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,3.“Didyouenjoythemovielastnight?”“_.Actually,itsnotsogoodasexpected.”,Kindof,4._everythingIjustsaid,Istillenjoyedthetrip.,Inspiteof,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,5.Duringthepoliticalcrisismostofthepresidentsadvisersremained_tohim.,faithful,6.Afteraseriesofsensibleinvestmentsinoverseasmarket,abrilliantcareergradually_beforehim.,unfold,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,7.Iwouldnthavetakentherisk,ifIhadhadanyother_atthatmoment.,option,8.Whenthedisasterhappened,thehelicopters_nearly20peoplefromtheroofoftheburningbuilding.,rescued,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,9.Thelawyeraskedthewitnesstotryto_asmuchaspossibleabouttheaccident.,recall,10.Thenewadvertisingcampaigndidnthavemuch_onsalesthoughthecompanytriedhard.,effect,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,11.Myflightwasdelayedsoitwasagood_fordoingsomeshopping.,opportunity,12.Hershyness_hertoalifeofloneliness.,condemns,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,13.HuaMulanhasbeenadmiredasa(n)_inChinesefolktalesforhergreatcourage.,heroine,14.Thesentence“Illnevertella_”meansthatthespeakerwillkeephis/herpromiseofnottellingthetruthtoanybodyelse.,soul,Vocabulary,IV.Fillineachoftheblankswithawordorphrasefromthebox.Changetheformwherenecessary.,15.Pleasecomeinone_,notalltogether.,atatime,Vocabulary,V.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithanappropriateprepositionoradverb.,1.Manyyoungpeoplearehopelesslyaddicted_onlinegames.,to,2.Thesepeoplehavethechoice_whethertobuyahouseorrentone.,of,3.Heandhiswifesharedapassion_classicmusic.,for,Vocabulary,V.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithanappropriateprepositionoradverb.,4.Doyoubelievethatanimalscanfallinlove_eachother?,with,5.Whatisyourrelationship_yournewroommateslike?,with,6.Hehasauniquegeniusthatsetshimapart_otherwriters.,from,Vocabulary,V.Fillineachoftheblanksinthefollowingsentenceswithanappropriateprepositionoradverb.,7.Keep_frompeoplewhoarelikelytohavebadinfluenceonyou.,away,8.Sheneverreadnewspapersorgotonline,becauseshedidnotbothertokeep_withthenews.,up,WordBuilding,VI.Thesuffix-able,-ious,-ful,-alareaddedtonounstoformadjectives,meaning“beabletobe”;“havingthequalitiesof”,or“relatingto”.Studytheexamplesbelow.,WordBuilding,Changeeachofthenounsintheboxintoanadjectiveformandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.,1.Marywasalways_ofheryoungsistersbeauty.,envious,2.Accordingtotheresearch,thereareimportant_differencesbetweentheleftandrighthumanbrain.,functional,WordBuilding,Changeeachofthenounsintheboxintoanadjectiveformandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.,3.Insummer,sunburnisoften_andpotentiallydangerous.,painful,4.Theaudiencewasthrilledbythe_performanceofboxingskills.,masterful,WordBuilding,Changeeachofthenounsintheboxintoanadjectiveformandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.,5.Doyouthinkyouaremore_aboutlifethanyourparentswereatyourage?,knowledgeable,6.Heis_atthewaytheyhavebeentreatedintherestaurant.,furious,WordBuilding,Changeeachofthenounsintheboxintoanadjectiveformandfillintheblanksinthefollowingsentences.,7.Hewasamandifficulttosticklongwithbecauseofhis_temper.,changeable,8.W